2. A genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes. Each genome
contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism.
In February 2001, the IHGSC and Celera Genomics each reported draft sequences
providing a first overall view of the human genome (Nature, 409 (6822): 860-921, 2001and
Science 291(5507): 1304-1351, 2001).
The work of the Human Genome Project has allowed researchers to understand the
blueprint for building a person. As researchers learn more about the functions of genes and
proteins, this knowledge will have a major impact in the fields of medicine, biotechnology,
and the life sciences.
After revealing the Human Genome Sequence in 2001, Systematic Study of genome
begins which include Identification of genes , protein architecture, genome composition,
Transposable elements, etc.
The Human Genome Project marked a new approach in biomedical research, in which the
scientific community came together to systematically characterize a large domain of
important biological knowledge in the post genomic era.
4. Human genome at future ten
1. Genomic Medicine (From base pair to bedside)
Opportunities for genomic medicine will come from acquiring foundational knowledge of
genome function, insights into disease biology and powerful genomic tools. The
following imperatives will capitalize on these opportunities in the coming decade.
Making genomics-based diagnostics routine.
Defining the genetic components of disease.
Comprehensive characterization of cancer genomes.
Practical systems for clinical genomic informatics.
(NATURE VOL 470: 10 FEBRUARY 2011)
The role of the human microbiome in health and disease:
Many diseases are influenced by the microbial communities that inhabit our bodies (the
microbiome). Recent initiatives are using new sequencing technologies to catalogue the
resident microflora at distinct body sites, and studying correlations between specific
diseases and the composition of the microbiome.
5. Human genome at future ten
2. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology:
Advancement in the Bioinformatics can meet
the following challenges in future:
Data analysis.
Data integration.
Visualization
Computational tools and infrastructure.
Genomics and society:
Psychosocial and ethical issues in genomics research.
Psychosocial and ethical issues in genomic medicine.
Legal and public policy issues.
Broader societal issues.
NATURE VOL 470:
10 FEBRUARY 2011
