1. Wasteful Wor ld
Recycling in Germany
Renewable and Non-Renewable
Energy

2. How is waste r ecycled?
 Glass is sorted into colours, washed, crushed, melted
and reformed into new products.
 Cans are split into steel and aluminium, melted down
and turned into new products.
 Paper is sorted into bails and sent to the paper mill to
be turned into new products.
 Plastics are sorted into their types, shredded and then
reprocessed.
 Waste that cannot be recycled is sent to landfill or
incinerated.

3. CASE STUDY - Ger many
 Landfill – has 160 landfill sites, waste is processed before landfill to
reduce its impact.
 Incineration – has 68 incinerators, plans to build more, some are
mini power plants producing electricity.
 Recycling – strict laws on recycling, companies can display the
Green Dot emblem to show the packaging is recyclable, exports
waste be recycled, recycles 60% of its waste.
 Nuclear waste – Germany does not have a deep mine or
reprocessing plant, has to sent waste to UK or France for
reprocessing – expensive, sends waste to Siberia to be buried in
deep mines, they are planning to build a reprocessing plant and
convert a deep mine in the future.
 Toxic waste – they export much of this as it is expensive to deal with
in Germany, 6000 litres of toxic waste was sent to Albania disguised
as humanitarian aid where it leaked into a lake killing all aquatic life.

4. Non-renewable ener g y
sour ces – they will r un
out!!!
 Coal + Supplies should last for another 250
years, easy to convert into energy, cheap
to mine.
- Bulky to transport, releases greenhouse
gases, will not last forever.
 Oil + Easy to convert into energy, cheap to
extract, supplies should last for another 50
years.
- Very expensive to buy, releases
greenhouse gases, will not last forever.

5. Non-r enewable ener g y
sour ces
 Gas + Cleaner fuel than oil or coal,
supplies should last for another 70
years, easy to convert into energy.
- Will not last forever, gives off
greenhouse gases.
 Nuclear + Does not give off greenhouse
gases, raw materials will last along
time, a small amount gives off a lot of
energy.
- Reactors are expensive to build and run,
waste is highly radioactive, waste has
to be stored for many years, risk of
nuclear accidents.

6. Renewable ener g y
sour ces – never r un
out!!
 Solar + No fuel costs, does not give
off greenhouse gases, can be fitted
on rooves,
- Not efficient in countries with little
sunshine, can be expensive to buy
and install, don’t produce that much
energy.
 Wind + New wind turbines are quiet
and efficient, doesn’t give off
greenhouse gases, can be build on
land or at sea.
- Need consistent high wind speeds,
regular servicing needed, visually
intrusive, can kill birds/disturb
migration patterns.

7.  Geothermal + No greenhouse
gases, cheap once built,
provides a lot of energy.
- Power stations are expensive
to build, need to be in specific
areas – where there is
geothermal activity e.g. Iceland.
 Hydroelectric + No greenhouse
gases, cheap once built, can
produce large lakes for leisure
purposes.
- Alter water flow in rivers, only
built in certain areas, people
have to move.
 Tidal + No greenhouse gases,
cheap once built, tidal barrages
can also be used as bridges.
- Can be a problem for shipping,
expensive to build, can damage
wildlife, can only be built in
suitable areas.

8. Ener g y sur plus and
deficitsurplus is when the country
 Energy
produces too much energy to fulfil its
needs. Examples include – Canada,
Russia, China, Australia, Saudi Arabia.
 Energy deficit is when countries don’t
produce enough energy to meet their
needs. Examples include USA, Brazil,
India, Germany, France, Spain,
Bangladesh, Iceland, Italy.

9. Carbon footprints
 The carbon footprint of a place, country,
business or individual depends on the
amount of greenhouse gases they
produce.
 LICs tend to have smaller carbon
footprints than HICs.

10. Management of ener g y
waste on a domestic
scale
 Turning lights off when not in use.
 Unplug chargers after use.
 Turn the heating down in summer.
 Keep doors and windows closed.
 Replace inefficient electrical products.
 Loft insulation
 Cavity wall insulation
 Ground source heating pump
 Double or triple glazing.
 Solar panels/solar water heating panels.
 Wind turbines
 Recycling bins

11. Management of ener g y
waste on a local scale
 British Gas is working with local councils to
improve efficiency. If houses implement
changes to save energy they get money off
their council tax bill.
 Aberdeen Council have installed a communal
boiler in a block of flats. This is much more
efficient.
 Wind turbines can be built at schools and
businesses to power them. Any excess energy
can be sold to the National Grid.

12. Management of ener g y
waste on a national scale
 A grant of £2500 per household is available to
install things like wind turbines and solar
panels.
 No planning permission is needed for solar
panels and wind turbines.
 Up to £1 million available for public buildings to
install green technologies.
 UK e-day – when people are asked to think
about their energy usage and to turn things off.