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Stress management.docx
- 2. Learning Objectives What is Stress? Relevant Moderators Experiencing Stress Kinds of Stress Stress Management Stress Management Strategies
- 3. What is Stress? Stress is importance attached to a thing. www.dictionary.com It is a state of mental tension & worry caused by problems in your life, work etc. www.merriam-webster.com stress is often termed as a twentieth century syndrome, born out of man’s race towards modern progress and its ensuing complexities. Benjamin Franklin
- 6. Kinds of Stress Situation or event Appraisal(primary threat) No Threat PerceivedPerceived Threat (secondary threat) Perception of the inability to cope with the threat No StressPerception of the ability to cope with the threat Positive Stress - EustressNegative Stress - Distress
- 7. Stress Management Some people thrive on stressful situations, while others are overwhelmed by them. What is that differentiates people in terms of their ability to handle stress? At least four variables – perception, job experience, social support & belief in locus of control – have been found to be relevant moderators.
- 8. Relevant Moderators Social Support There is increasing evidence that social support – that is, collegial relationships with co- workers or supervisors- can buffer the impact of stress. Belief in Locus of Control Those with an internal locus of control belive they control their own destiny. Those with an external locus believe their lives are controlled by outside forces. Evidence indicates that internals perceive their jobs to be less stressful Perception The stress potential in environmental, organizational and individual factors dont lie in their objective condition. Rather, it lies in one’s interpretation of those factors. Job Experience Experience is said to be a great teacher. It can also be a great stress- reducer.
- 9. Experience Stress Immediate Reactions to Stress • Dry Mouth • Nervous • Rapid breathing • Feel sick • Moist Palms
- 10. Experience Stress Physiological Symptoms • Headaches • High Blood Pressure • Heart Disease Psychological Symptoms • Anxiety • Depression • Decrease in Job Satisfaction Behavioral Symptoms • Productivity • Absenteeism • Turnover
- 11. Stress Management Strategies Reluctant to express own opinions, and feelings Individual Approaches Time Management Physical Exercise Relaxation Training Social Support
- 12. Stress Management Strategies Organizational Approaches Goal Setting Selection & Placement Job Redesign Organizational Communication Wellness Program
- 13. Paramjeet Singh
Editor's Notes
- We can find hundreds of meanings of the word “stress” through various means. However in order to understand the true limits of Stress, it’s important to understand the “law of Balance.” Law of Balance says that the privation or excess of anything leads to some sort of disorganization or disorder. Keeping limits/balance of everything leads to an optimal life. In Simple words, Stress Management is balancing/limiting your stress positively, to use it as a moderator of performance Or Understanding the difference between Eustress & Distress is also Stress Management. Eustress: is a pleasant form of stress caused by desirable stimuli. It enhances a persons performance. For Eg. Excelling in examination or Job promotion. Distress: causes mental agitation. Prolonged exposure to distress can have many harmful effects on individuals. For Eg. Financial troubles or heavy work load.
- The above slide Talks about the way Eustress & Distress occur. Fundamentally, it is the way that we think about a situation rather than the situation itself that causes stress. Appraisal is the act of judging the value, condition or importance of the situation or event that occurred and that’s when we think of the possible threats. Now this is where we need to understand the balance of stress to incur where in we need set a mind filter clearly stating “whatever happens is for our growth & our learning” and with this attitude we can cope with any threat and that is when we see the effects of Eustress.
- Perception: Environmental factors: recession, political uncertainty, riots etc. Organizational factors: task demands, role demands, interpersonal demands Individual Factors: Family problems, financial problem etc. As said before “Fundamentally, it is the way that we think about a situation rather than the situation itself that causes stress.” Setting the filter(discussed in slide 5) is important that changes our Perception. And Job Experience is the strongest builder of the filter & a great stress reducer ofcourse. Social Support is one of the important factors which relates to co-workers, usually Supervisors. In social support, Win-Win situation plays an important role which can be learned from assertiveness. Great Inspiration to do any task is always expected from the supervisors/trainers/managers as it can be a great factor to produce Eustress & hence the performance. And belief in locus of control relates to all above – perception, job experience & social support. Belief in Locus of Control is a name given to the filter that we have been talking about. It is about perceiving & appraising the situations not as a threat but as a new opportunity to grow.
- Time Management: An understanding & utilization of basic time management principles can help individuals better cope with job demands. Physical Exercise: Non competitive physical exercise such as aerobics, race walking, swimming, yoga & riding a bicycle have long been recommended by physicians as a way to deal with excessive stress levels. Relaxation Training: Individuals can teach themselves to relax through techniques such as meditation, hypnosis & biofeedback. The objective is to reach a state of deep relaxation, where one feels physically relaxed, somewhat detached from the immediate environment & from body sensations. Social Support: Having friends, family, or work colleagues to talk to provides an outlet when stress levels become excessive. Expanding your social support network, therefore, can be a means for tension reduction.
- Selection & Placement: Individuals with little experience or an external locus of control tend to be stress prone. Selection & Placement decisions should take these facts into consideration. Goal Setting: The use of goals can reduce stress as well as provide motivation. Specific goals that are perceived as attainable clarify performance expectations. Additionally, goal feedback reduces uncertainties as to actual job performance. The result is less employee frustration, role ambiguity, and stress. Job Redesign: Redesigning jobs to give employees more responsibility, more meaningful work, more autonomy, and increased feedback can reduce stress, because these factors give the employee greater control over work activities & lessen dependence on others. Organizational Communication: Given the importance that perceptions play in moderating the stress response relationship, management can also use effective communications as a means to shape employee perceptions. Wellness Program: focuses on employee’s total physical & mental condition. For example, they typically provide workshops to help people quit smoking, control alcohol use, lose weight, eat better, & develop a regular exercise program.