This document provides information about tourism, including definitions of tourism and different types of tourists. It defines tourism as travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. It also provides the World Tourism Organization's definition of a tourist
The Philippine tourism industry is a composite of both public and private entities involved in planning, developing, marketing, and operating destinations and services for both foreign and domestic travelers. The government sector establishes policies and regulates the industry through agencies like the Department of Tourism, Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation, and local governments. The private sector consists of six main industries - transportation, hospitality, food and beverage, attractions, travel and trade, and other services - that work together to cater to travelers' needs.
This document provides an overview of tourism, discussing different types of tourist destinations and factors that affect tourism. It describes how tourist destinations can be places of scenic beauty, culture, or conflict. It also discusses the roles of governments, media, international organizations, and travel writers in promoting tourism. Some key points covered include how tourism is changing with the rise of niche tourism like ecotourism and medical tourism. It also examines reasons for the growth of global tourism like advances in technology and increasing disposable income. In addition, it outlines economic impacts of tourism such as job creation and foreign exchange earnings, as well as potential disadvantages like seasonal unemployment and leakage of tourism receipts.
Tourism involves travel away from one's home for purposes such as holidays, business, visiting friends and relatives, pilgrimages, or sporting events. It is a major global industry, employing more people than any other. The tourism industry comprises various components including accommodation, transportation, attractions, support services, food and beverage operations, and retail stores. New developments may include very large airplanes carrying hundreds of passengers, space tourism, underwater hotels, and more specialized accommodation types. Tourism benefits local economies and brings cultural exchange, but tourists' experiences depend on descriptions provided before their visits.
This document discusses package holidays and tours. It provides information on what constitutes a package holiday, when they started becoming popular, and the types of package tours that exist. Package holidays traditionally include flights and accommodation, while package tours can incorporate various other services together into a single trip combining transport, accommodation, meals, activities, and more. They provide both cost savings and convenience to travelers but can also be inflexible. The document also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of package tours for both travelers and travel agents.
This document discusses two types of tourism: dark tourism and doom tourism. Dark tourism involves visiting locations associated with death and tragedy, such as Auschwitz. Doom tourism focuses on visiting places threatened by environmental or human factors, like sinking islands in the Maldives. The document provides examples of famous locations for both types of tourism around the world and in South Korea specifically. It also discusses criticisms of exploiting tragic locations for tourism and offers tips for concluding presentations effectively by summarizing key points, recommending actions, and inviting questions. Students are assigned to prepare a 3-minute presentation on a dark or doom tourism location for the next class.
A tour operator is defined as a person or business that makes arrangements for travel services, including carriage of tourists and their luggage, lodging, transportation, entertainment, sightseeing excursions, or guide services. Tour operators design, develop, market, and operate trips, selling packages through travel agents, corporations, non-profits, or directly to consumers. They interact with sponsors by developing itineraries, marketing trips, and handling administrative tasks like reservations and payments.
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This presentation is a collection of student reports and based on the curriculum of the subject Tour Guiding Services for the students enrolled at the College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management of the Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite Campus.
The Philippine tourism industry is a composite of both public and private entities involved in planning, developing, marketing, and operating destinations and services for both foreign and domestic travelers. The government sector establishes policies and regulates the industry through agencies like the Department of Tourism, Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation, and local governments. The private sector consists of six main industries - transportation, hospitality, food and beverage, attractions, travel and trade, and other services - that work together to cater to travelers' needs.
This document provides an overview of tourism, discussing different types of tourist destinations and factors that affect tourism. It describes how tourist destinations can be places of scenic beauty, culture, or conflict. It also discusses the roles of governments, media, international organizations, and travel writers in promoting tourism. Some key points covered include how tourism is changing with the rise of niche tourism like ecotourism and medical tourism. It also examines reasons for the growth of global tourism like advances in technology and increasing disposable income. In addition, it outlines economic impacts of tourism such as job creation and foreign exchange earnings, as well as potential disadvantages like seasonal unemployment and leakage of tourism receipts.
Tourism involves travel away from one's home for purposes such as holidays, business, visiting friends and relatives, pilgrimages, or sporting events. It is a major global industry, employing more people than any other. The tourism industry comprises various components including accommodation, transportation, attractions, support services, food and beverage operations, and retail stores. New developments may include very large airplanes carrying hundreds of passengers, space tourism, underwater hotels, and more specialized accommodation types. Tourism benefits local economies and brings cultural exchange, but tourists' experiences depend on descriptions provided before their visits.
This document discusses package holidays and tours. It provides information on what constitutes a package holiday, when they started becoming popular, and the types of package tours that exist. Package holidays traditionally include flights and accommodation, while package tours can incorporate various other services together into a single trip combining transport, accommodation, meals, activities, and more. They provide both cost savings and convenience to travelers but can also be inflexible. The document also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of package tours for both travelers and travel agents.
This document discusses two types of tourism: dark tourism and doom tourism. Dark tourism involves visiting locations associated with death and tragedy, such as Auschwitz. Doom tourism focuses on visiting places threatened by environmental or human factors, like sinking islands in the Maldives. The document provides examples of famous locations for both types of tourism around the world and in South Korea specifically. It also discusses criticisms of exploiting tragic locations for tourism and offers tips for concluding presentations effectively by summarizing key points, recommending actions, and inviting questions. Students are assigned to prepare a 3-minute presentation on a dark or doom tourism location for the next class.
A tour operator is defined as a person or business that makes arrangements for travel services, including carriage of tourists and their luggage, lodging, transportation, entertainment, sightseeing excursions, or guide services. Tour operators design, develop, market, and operate trips, selling packages through travel agents, corporations, non-profits, or directly to consumers. They interact with sponsors by developing itineraries, marketing trips, and handling administrative tasks like reservations and payments.
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This presentation is a collection of student reports and based on the curriculum of the subject Tour Guiding Services for the students enrolled at the College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management of the Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite Campus.
This document provides an overview of the operations of a travel agency. It discusses the basic organizational structure, which includes departments like reservations, marketing, finance, human resources, and MICE (meetings, incentives, conferences and events). It outlines the key duties and roles of each department. It also explains the processes involved in planning, contracting, packaging, marketing, sales, operations, evaluation, and accounting. It provides an example income and expenditure statement for a travel agency and discusses how to handle a mistake in billing and ensure proper accounting controls. The document aims to give a comprehensive understanding of how a typical travel agency functions.
The document discusses different sectors and types of tourism including mass tourism, individual tourism, cultural tourism, natural tourism, active tourism, business tourism, and scientific tourism. It provides details on the characteristics of each type and examples or activities commonly associated with each sector.
sub-areas
Meaning and definition
Main components of tour guiding
Terminologies Used In Tour Guiding
Understanding tour guide
Position of tour guide in tourism system
Types of tour guide
Roles of tour of guide
This document discusses different types of recreation including active recreation, passive recreation, leisure activities, government sponsored recreation like national parks, and commercial recreation such as theme parks and clubs. It also covers non-commercial recreation including voluntary organizations, campus recreation programs, and employee recreation activities provided by companies. Recreation allows people to have fun, rejuvenate, and engage in activities during their free time away from work.
Tourism is defined as travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The UNWTO defines a tourist as someone traveling outside their usual environment for less than a year for leisure, business, or other purposes. Tourism has grown significantly in recent decades due to factors like increased leisure time, improved transportation infrastructure, and lifestyle changes. There are various types and classifications of tourists based on activities, interests, age, and other demographic factors. Sustainable tourism development aims to meet current economic and travel needs without compromising future generations' ability to do the same.
Special Interest Tourism - appeal and motivation factorsKaren Houston
This document discusses features and benefits of special interest tourism products and customer motivations for special interest tourism. It provides examples of how features represent what a tourism product is, while benefits represent what the product does for customers. Popular special interest tourism destinations and activities are listed, as well as factors that motivate tourists, such as escaping modern life, seeking authentic experiences, self-improvement, relaxation, and discovery. Customer motivations are classified as avoidance or search behaviors.
An itinerary is a plan of a journey showing the route and the places that the visitor will visit. Thus, it is a schedule or timetable produced in association with a package tour. It is basically designed to identify the route, day-by-day journey format, origin, destination, and all the enroute halting points, period of halts along with accommodation, mode of travel, activities and other services offered during a visitor’s tour.
The document discusses concepts related to costing in the travel and tourism industry. It describes how full costing includes all fixed and variable costs to compute the total cost per unit of output. It then outlines the various components that make up the costs of a tour, including hotels, meals, transportation, guides and other miscellaneous expenses. Finally, it discusses how travel agents calculate pricing by adding a markup to the total costs.
The chapter defines tourism and differentiates between tourists and excursionists. It explores the various elements used to define travelers, including distance, length of stay, residence, and travel purpose. Tourism involves a dynamic journey element and static stay element. Tourists stay at least 24 hours while excursionists stay less than 24 hours. A tourist destination depends on attractions, amenities, and accessibility. Tourism makes unique contributions to economies and societies through jobs, cultural exchange, and promoting peace.
Thomas Cook and Cox & Kings were pioneers in the mass travel industry after the industrial revolution made travel more accessible to the working class. Cox & Kings began in 1740 as a military agency and later merged with another company to form Cox and Kings. Thomas Cook organized the first packaged tour in 1841 and introduced concepts like traveler's checks that helped establish the travel agency model. Now major travel agencies in the Philippines include WOW Philippines, Rajah Travel and Tours, Blue Horizons Travel and Tours, and Scorpio Travel and Tours.
There are many types of tour packages that assemble various travel services. All-inclusive packages include all elements like lodging, transportation, and meals. Escorted tours have guides accompanying travelers along a set itinerary. Hosted tours are similar but have local representatives instead of tour managers. Independent tours have no set schedule and allow travelers more flexibility. Dynamic packaging allows travelers to customize their own packages by selecting individual travel services. Overall, packaging combines essential travel services to provide value and convenience for customers.
Tour guides are expected to adhere to strict codes of conduct regarding professionalism, ethics, and appearance. They must dress appropriately for each tour, maintain proper grooming, and observe decorum. Guides should be honest, punctual, and knowledgeable about the local history, culture, and products. They must follow company policies, promote local businesses, and accept each tour commitment seriously without soliciting tips. Tour guides are responsible for cooperating with others and maintaining positive relationships.
The tourism industry is made up of both public and private sectors working together. The government sector includes the Department of Tourism, Tourism Promotions Board, and Philippine Tourism Authority. The private sector includes transportation, hotels, entertainment, travel agencies, and tour guides. Tour guides must be licensed and have qualifications like knowledge of the local area, good communication skills, and the ability to be flexible. They provide commentary and ensure guests have a good experience during their tour.
The document discusses the impacts of global tourism from economic, socio-cultural, and environmental perspectives. It identifies key stakeholders in tourism and explains how their interactions can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. Specifically, it outlines how tourism brings revenue but also leakage and inflation, preserves culture but may also dilute it, increases awareness of the environment but can also degrade habitats and pollute destinations. The document advocates considering the perspectives of various stakeholders to manage tourism's impacts.
This document outlines the curriculum and assessment policy for Tourism in grades 10-12 in South African schools. It aims to transform the curriculum inherited from apartheid to establish a society based on democratic values of social justice, human rights, and improving quality of life. The curriculum policy combines the previous grade R-9 and grade 10-12 curricula into a single document and provides clearer specifications of what must be taught each term. It includes the curriculum and assessment policy statements for all approved subjects, as well as policies on assessment, promotion requirements, and moderation of assessment.
A tour is a journey involving travel to multiple destinations for leisure or a special purpose. Tours can be land-based involving sightseeing, shore excursions, or adventure sports, or combinations of different types of travel. Common types of tours include culinary tours, cultural tours, disaster site tours, and space tours. Thomas Cook organized one of the first packaged tours in 1841 in England. Major tour operators specialize in inbound, outbound, domestic, or ground operations handling travel logistics and services.
This document defines different types of tourists and provides information on creating tourist profiles. It begins by defining a tourist as someone who travels away from home for over 24 hours and an excursionist as someone who travels and returns in a day. Tourists are then classified into four main categories: business, leisure, VFR (visiting friends and relatives), and youth. Several subcategories are described like cultural, eco, adventure tourists. The document also provides an example profile for a gap year traveler visiting South Africa. It stresses the importance of travel agents understanding tourist needs to ensure suitable facilities and services are provided.
This document provides an overview of the operations of a travel agency. It discusses the basic organizational structure, which includes departments like reservations, marketing, finance, human resources, and MICE (meetings, incentives, conferences and events). It outlines the key duties and roles of each department. It also explains the processes involved in planning, contracting, packaging, marketing, sales, operations, evaluation, and accounting. It provides an example income and expenditure statement for a travel agency and discusses how to handle a mistake in billing and ensure proper accounting controls. The document aims to give a comprehensive understanding of how a typical travel agency functions.
The document discusses different sectors and types of tourism including mass tourism, individual tourism, cultural tourism, natural tourism, active tourism, business tourism, and scientific tourism. It provides details on the characteristics of each type and examples or activities commonly associated with each sector.
sub-areas
Meaning and definition
Main components of tour guiding
Terminologies Used In Tour Guiding
Understanding tour guide
Position of tour guide in tourism system
Types of tour guide
Roles of tour of guide
This document discusses different types of recreation including active recreation, passive recreation, leisure activities, government sponsored recreation like national parks, and commercial recreation such as theme parks and clubs. It also covers non-commercial recreation including voluntary organizations, campus recreation programs, and employee recreation activities provided by companies. Recreation allows people to have fun, rejuvenate, and engage in activities during their free time away from work.
Tourism is defined as travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The UNWTO defines a tourist as someone traveling outside their usual environment for less than a year for leisure, business, or other purposes. Tourism has grown significantly in recent decades due to factors like increased leisure time, improved transportation infrastructure, and lifestyle changes. There are various types and classifications of tourists based on activities, interests, age, and other demographic factors. Sustainable tourism development aims to meet current economic and travel needs without compromising future generations' ability to do the same.
Special Interest Tourism - appeal and motivation factorsKaren Houston
This document discusses features and benefits of special interest tourism products and customer motivations for special interest tourism. It provides examples of how features represent what a tourism product is, while benefits represent what the product does for customers. Popular special interest tourism destinations and activities are listed, as well as factors that motivate tourists, such as escaping modern life, seeking authentic experiences, self-improvement, relaxation, and discovery. Customer motivations are classified as avoidance or search behaviors.
An itinerary is a plan of a journey showing the route and the places that the visitor will visit. Thus, it is a schedule or timetable produced in association with a package tour. It is basically designed to identify the route, day-by-day journey format, origin, destination, and all the enroute halting points, period of halts along with accommodation, mode of travel, activities and other services offered during a visitor’s tour.
The document discusses concepts related to costing in the travel and tourism industry. It describes how full costing includes all fixed and variable costs to compute the total cost per unit of output. It then outlines the various components that make up the costs of a tour, including hotels, meals, transportation, guides and other miscellaneous expenses. Finally, it discusses how travel agents calculate pricing by adding a markup to the total costs.
The chapter defines tourism and differentiates between tourists and excursionists. It explores the various elements used to define travelers, including distance, length of stay, residence, and travel purpose. Tourism involves a dynamic journey element and static stay element. Tourists stay at least 24 hours while excursionists stay less than 24 hours. A tourist destination depends on attractions, amenities, and accessibility. Tourism makes unique contributions to economies and societies through jobs, cultural exchange, and promoting peace.
Thomas Cook and Cox & Kings were pioneers in the mass travel industry after the industrial revolution made travel more accessible to the working class. Cox & Kings began in 1740 as a military agency and later merged with another company to form Cox and Kings. Thomas Cook organized the first packaged tour in 1841 and introduced concepts like traveler's checks that helped establish the travel agency model. Now major travel agencies in the Philippines include WOW Philippines, Rajah Travel and Tours, Blue Horizons Travel and Tours, and Scorpio Travel and Tours.
There are many types of tour packages that assemble various travel services. All-inclusive packages include all elements like lodging, transportation, and meals. Escorted tours have guides accompanying travelers along a set itinerary. Hosted tours are similar but have local representatives instead of tour managers. Independent tours have no set schedule and allow travelers more flexibility. Dynamic packaging allows travelers to customize their own packages by selecting individual travel services. Overall, packaging combines essential travel services to provide value and convenience for customers.
Tour guides are expected to adhere to strict codes of conduct regarding professionalism, ethics, and appearance. They must dress appropriately for each tour, maintain proper grooming, and observe decorum. Guides should be honest, punctual, and knowledgeable about the local history, culture, and products. They must follow company policies, promote local businesses, and accept each tour commitment seriously without soliciting tips. Tour guides are responsible for cooperating with others and maintaining positive relationships.
The tourism industry is made up of both public and private sectors working together. The government sector includes the Department of Tourism, Tourism Promotions Board, and Philippine Tourism Authority. The private sector includes transportation, hotels, entertainment, travel agencies, and tour guides. Tour guides must be licensed and have qualifications like knowledge of the local area, good communication skills, and the ability to be flexible. They provide commentary and ensure guests have a good experience during their tour.
The document discusses the impacts of global tourism from economic, socio-cultural, and environmental perspectives. It identifies key stakeholders in tourism and explains how their interactions can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. Specifically, it outlines how tourism brings revenue but also leakage and inflation, preserves culture but may also dilute it, increases awareness of the environment but can also degrade habitats and pollute destinations. The document advocates considering the perspectives of various stakeholders to manage tourism's impacts.
This document outlines the curriculum and assessment policy for Tourism in grades 10-12 in South African schools. It aims to transform the curriculum inherited from apartheid to establish a society based on democratic values of social justice, human rights, and improving quality of life. The curriculum policy combines the previous grade R-9 and grade 10-12 curricula into a single document and provides clearer specifications of what must be taught each term. It includes the curriculum and assessment policy statements for all approved subjects, as well as policies on assessment, promotion requirements, and moderation of assessment.
A tour is a journey involving travel to multiple destinations for leisure or a special purpose. Tours can be land-based involving sightseeing, shore excursions, or adventure sports, or combinations of different types of travel. Common types of tours include culinary tours, cultural tours, disaster site tours, and space tours. Thomas Cook organized one of the first packaged tours in 1841 in England. Major tour operators specialize in inbound, outbound, domestic, or ground operations handling travel logistics and services.
This document defines different types of tourists and provides information on creating tourist profiles. It begins by defining a tourist as someone who travels away from home for over 24 hours and an excursionist as someone who travels and returns in a day. Tourists are then classified into four main categories: business, leisure, VFR (visiting friends and relatives), and youth. Several subcategories are described like cultural, eco, adventure tourists. The document also provides an example profile for a gap year traveler visiting South Africa. It stresses the importance of travel agents understanding tourist needs to ensure suitable facilities and services are provided.
This document defines different types of tourists, provides examples of each type, and discusses the importance of creating tourist profiles. It identifies several categories of tourists, including business, educational, incentive, health, leisure, religious, shopping, special interest, visiting friends/relatives, backpacking/youth, and gap year tourists. The document emphasizes that creating detailed profiles of tourists' needs, preferences, and requirements allows travel agents to better plan trips catered to individual tourists. It provides an example profile for a 24-year old Australian tourist visiting South Africa for adventure.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in tourism. It discusses different types of tourism like leisure, business, and visiting friends and relatives. It also examines the integrated model of tourism which shows how travelers interact with tourism promoters, suppliers, and the external environment. Some factors that influence tourism development are discussed like social trends, political policies, the economy, culture/environment, and technology.
The document discusses different forms and types of tourism, including:
1. Leisure/holiday tourism which includes relaxation and sightseeing.
2. Business tourism which involves travel for trade meetings, conventions, and exhibitions.
3. Cultural tourism where people travel to learn about and experience different cultures.
It also examines various tourism motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Hudman's travel motivators, and Dann's push and pull factors. Push factors drive people to travel while pull factors attract them to specific destinations.
This chapter introduces tourism by defining it, describing its components and management, and discussing its benefits and costs. Tourism is defined as travel for leisure, business, or other purposes. It has four perspectives - the tourist, businesses, government, and host community. Tourism includes sectors like transportation, accommodations, attractions and events. It provides economic benefits like jobs, income, and infrastructure, but also social and environmental costs like pollution, crime, and overcrowding.
INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM - SANSKRITI UNIVERISTY IRFAN BASHIR
Tourism is defined as travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. It is a complex, multi-sector industry that is a major economic driver for many countries. While tourism brings benefits like job creation and increased income, it also introduces costs such as environmental degradation, increased crime, and cultural impacts on host communities. Effective tourism management requires understanding the interrelated components of the industry including tourists, host communities, infrastructure and operating sectors.
The document discusses the tourism and hospitality sectors in India. It covers various topics related to tourism including popular tourist destinations in India, the definition of tourism, components of the tourism industry, and different forms and types of tourism. It also discusses the hospitality sector, defining hotels and noting that the word "hotel" originated from the French word "hôtel". It states that the First World Hotel in Malaysia is listed as the world's largest hotel, while the oldest hotel is debated. The role of tour operators in designing inclusive tour packages is also summarized.
A reproduced article from The Jamaica Observer's Study Centre Lecture Series (September 27, 2016). The article was written by Mrs Charmains Fuller-Wallace, teacher at St. Andrew Technical High School in Kinston Jamaica. I re-typed the article for the benefit of students who choose this topic (Tourism) in the CXC CSEC examination. This article should only be used for educational purposes only.
Tourism involves traveling to places outside one's usual environment for leisure, business, or other purposes. It is one of the world's fastest growing industries. Tourism has several key characteristics including intangibility, inseparability, perishability, heterogeneity, lack of ownership, seasonality, and interdependency between tourism products and services. There are several types of tourism such as international tourism involving travel between countries, domestic tourism within one's own country, and specific types like recreational, environmental, historical, cultural, adventure, health, religious, and wildlife tourism. Tourism consists of various components including attractions, amenities, accessibility, accommodation, and activities that draw people to travel to different destinations.
This document provides definitions and concepts related to tourism. It discusses what tourism is, different types of tourists and forms of tourism. Some key points:
1. Tourism can be defined as activities, processes and outcomes from the interactions between tourists, suppliers, governments and communities involved in attracting and hosting visitors.
2. There are various perspectives on tourism - from the tourist seeking experiences, businesses providing goods/services, governments seeking economic benefits, and host communities.
3. Types of tourism discussed include religious, historical, cultural, adventure, sports, medical, eco, rural, culinary and more.
4. Elements that define a tourist destination are discussed, as well as a model of the tourism system
The document provides an overview of the nature of tourism, outlining topics that will be covered such as the tourism industry, elements of travel and tourism, types of tourism, and characteristics of tourism. It also discusses key advocates in the development of tourism studies such as Erik Cohen, R. Chadwick, Jafar Jafari, Neil Leiper, Slavoj Medlik, and Stanley Plog. The document aims to give students an understanding of tourism and the various perspectives involved.
This document provides an introduction to tourism, including definitions, types of tourism, purposes of travel, components of the tourism industry, and benefits and costs of tourism. It defines tourism as activities people participate in outside their usual environment for leisure, business or other purposes. Tourism can be categorized as inbound, outbound, domestic, and internal. The tourism industry has many components including infrastructure, the built environment, operating sectors, and governance. Both economic and cultural benefits and costs are associated with tourism in host communities.
This document defines tourism and related terms according to the UNWTO. It provides the UNWTO definition of tourism as activities of persons traveling to places outside their usual environment for less than a year for leisure, business, or other purposes. It then explains the 5Ws and 1H (what, who, where, when, why, how) of the definition. Finally, it outlines four perspectives on tourism (tourist, businesses, government, host community) and describes the tourism chain from travel agents to local service providers.
This document provides an introduction to tourism, including definitions, components, and costs and benefits. It defines tourism from the perspectives of tourists, businesses, governments, and host communities. Tourism is defined by the UNWTO as activities of people traveling outside their usual environment for less than a year. It discusses different types of tourism (international, domestic, etc.) and classifications of visitors. The key components of tourism include tourists, the environment, infrastructure, and the various sectors of the industry. Benefits include jobs, income, and infrastructure, while costs include environmental and social impacts.
The document discusses tourism trends, including defining tourism and different types of tourists. It outlines global tourism statistics in 2017 which show international tourist arrivals increasing and independent travel rising. Key details about tourism in Thailand are provided, such as popular domestic and international destinations for Thai travelers as well as their main motivations and sources of travel information.
Tourism is a complex multi-sector industry that involves the movement and accommodation of people traveling to destinations outside their home environment. It provides economic benefits through job creation and foreign exchange earnings, but can also impose social and environmental costs on host communities. The tourism industry comprises several operating sectors including transportation, accommodation, food services, attractions, and tour operators that work together to meet the needs of various types of visitors engaging in tourism for purposes like business, pleasure, and visiting friends and relatives.
This document defines key terms related to tourism and travel. It discusses that tourism involves the movement of people between different geographic locations for any purpose or duration [1]. A visitor is considered a traveler who moves to a destination outside their usual environment for less than a year for any main purpose other than employment [2]. Tourism is defined as the activity of visitors [3].
This course is designed to give a clear and whole overview of tourism and hospitality as an ecosystem that goes beyond the unusual concept of tourism. It introduces the concept and terms that are common throughout the different sectors. It also intends to develop, update and maintain local knowledge as well as tourism industry knowledge.
Similar to Introduction to tourism for grade 10 learners. (20)
3. Definition
"Tourism is a collection of activities, services
and industries which deliver a travel experience
comprising transportation, accommodation,
eating and drinking establishments, retail shops,
entertainment businesses and other hospitality
services provided for individuals or groups
traveling away from home"
"The sum of the phenomena and relationships
arising from the interaction of tourists, business
suppliers, host governments and host
communities in the process of attracting and
hosting these tourists and other visitors"
-Macintosh and Goeldner
R'tist @ Tourism, PU
4. First Definition for Tourism
The first definition of tourism was made
by Guyer Feuler in 1905.
UNWTO Definition of Tourism
"Tourism comprises the activities of persons
traveling to and staying in places outside
their usual environment for not more than
one consecutive year for leisure, business and
other purposes."
R'tist @ Tourism, PU
5.
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or
business purposes.
The World Tourism Organization defines
◦ tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places
outside their usual environment for not more than one
consecutive year for leisure, business and other
purposes".
Tourism has become a popular global leisure
activity.
In 2011, there were over 983 million
international tourist arrivals worldwide,
representing a growth of 4.6% when compared
to 940 million in 2010.
International tourism receipts grew to
US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011,
corresponding to an increase in real terms of
3.8% from 2010
R'tist @ Tourism, PU
6. Learning objectives: in this topic the
learners are going to learn about :
Definition
of what a tourist and an
excursionist is
15
Different types of tourist
How
to draw tourist profiles
7. TOURIST DEFINED AND TYPES
OF TOURISTS
•
What is a Tourist?
Is a person who travels away from home for leisure, business
or other purposes for longer than a day e.g. 24 hours but less
than a year. An excursionist is a person who arrives at the
destination and departs on the same day.
Tourists are classified, according to their needs and their
reasons for travelling, into four broad categories:
business and professional tourist
leisure and holiday tourists
tourists travelling to visit friends and relatives (VFR)
Youth tourists, including backpackers and gap year travellers.
The tourism industry tries to meet the needs of all types of
tourists by providing suitable facilities and services for each
category.
8. 1.1 Tourists travelling for
business and professional
reasons
•
Business tourist: travel is related to business and the world of work. MESE which stands for
meetings, exhibitions and special events. These are all part of the business world. All major cities have
conference centres that cater for the needs of business tourists. An example of a business tourist would
be a salesman who travels to another city to attend a trade show and promote the products he sells.
•
Education tourists: travel to attend a place of learning in another town, city, or country, in order to
study for or improve a qualification. They may also be people that attend workshops to learn new skills
or improve existing ones. A clinic nurse who travels to another province to attend a workshop about
infectious diseases is an example of an educational tourist.
•
Incentive tourists: are people who are rewarded in the form of a company paid holiday for their hard
work, or for achieving goals set by their company. This incentive to travel motivates employees to work
harder, improves work relationships, and builds team spirit. A salesman who receives a holiday package
for achieving the most sales in the company is an example of an incentive tourist.
•
Health or medical tourist: travel because they want to visit a holiday spa, needs medical special
treatment that is only available away from home, undergo procedures that are cheaper in another
country, or are recovering from an illness in a healthier climate. Many tourist come from oversees
countries to South Africa to have plastic surgery.
9. Tourist travelling for leisure and holiday
reasons
Adventure tourist: want an unusual and exciting experience. They want to participate in
activities that may be dangerous, such as rock climbing, river rafting, skydiving, shark cave
diving and bungee jumping.
Cultural tourist: want to experience different cultures, such as San rock art, or cultural
related festivals such as the National Art Festival in Grahams-town, or the International Jazz
Festival in Cape Town. They would also want to experience the World Heritage Sites in the
country.
Eco-tourists:
travel to experience nature such as traveling to Bonita Gardens in
Bloemfontein South Africa
Leisure tourist: want to rest and relax and have a break from the usual routine Examples
of this type of tourism are a cruise on a cruise liner, a trip on a Blue train, attending a special
music special music performance or relaxing on the beach.
10. 1.3 Tourist travelling to visit friends
and relatives (VFR)
Tourist visiting friends and relatives (VFR) want to stay
in contact with friends and relatives and travel away
from home to visit them. These tourist may travel to
attend a wedding, funeral, or birthday celebration of
friends or relatives.
11. 1.4 Youth travel: backpackers and gap
year travellers
Backpacking or youth tourist: generally have little
luggage, are on a budget, want to experience adventure and
excitement, tend to travel independently, enjoy meeting
other traveller, and have flexible travel schedules. A group of
young tourists on a weekend walking tour in the mountains,
or a student touring around the country by bus are examples
of this group of tourist.
Gap year travellers: do not study further or enter job
opportunity after school, instead they take break called a gap
year. They travel, work and earn money, learn new skills or do
volunteer work in another country. During this time they
gain skills and life experience before starting tertiary
education.These young people are also known as “gappers”.
12. 2 Drawing up a tourist profile
To make sure that the needs of all
types of tourist are met it is important
for travel agents to draw up tourist
profile. This is a summary of facts
about what tourists want and expect
form the travel experience.
13. A basic tourist profile contains the
following information about the
tourist:
name
nationality
age
contact details such as address and telephone number
occupation
need and preferences, for, example, adventure, sport, one
education
specific requirement such as accommodation, transport, or
food
and the length of the trip, and arrival and departure date.
Travel agents prepare tourist profiles of their clients and use
the information when arranging trips for them. This will
ensure that the specific needs of the tourist are met.
14. Learners Activity: Types of tourists
1 Explain the following acronyms
used in tourism
2 Match the type of tourist with tourism experience:
Tourist interest
SIT
MESE
VFR
Tourism experience
(1) Loves wildlife
(A) A wetland sanctuary
(2) Enjoys nature
(B) Run the Comrades
(3) Keen on sports
(c) Shark cage diving
(4) Keen on adventure
(D) The White Lions of Timbavati
15. Learner activity cont….
3 Describe each of the following by giving
an example:
Cultural tourist
Eco-tourist
Incentive tourist
Gap year traveller
16. 4 Using the illustration and the information below draw up a tourist profile for
John.You may need to make up some details to complete the profile:
John Brown, from Sydney, is visiting South Africa for ten days to
celebrate his 24th birthday. He wants to experience as many
adventure attractions as he can before he returns home on
Christmas day. He is a sports science consultant, does not eat
meat, and wants to taste some South African food. He wants to
take photographs of wildlife and the new friends in the hostels
in which he will stay. His back contains all his clothes and
sleeping bag. He does not have enough money for fancy
restaurant or expensive gifts. He forgot his international driver’s
license at home.
17. Memorandum or Answers for
Activity
1.
SIT: Special Interest Tourist
MESE: meetings, exhibitions and
special events
VFR:Visiting Friends and Relatives
2
D
A
B
C
3
A) Cultural Tourist: want to experience different cultures, such
as San rock art, or cultural related festivals such as the National
Art Festival in Graham-stown, or the International Jazz Festival in
Cape Town. They would also want to experience the World
Heritage Sites in the country.
B) Eco-tourist: want to travel to experience the natural
environment and experience different cultures. The sustainable of
resources is important to these tourists. An example of this type
of this tourism would be visiting the iSimangaliso Wetland Park in
Kwa-Zulu Natal.
C) Incentive tourists: are people who are rewarded in the
form of a company paid holiday for their hard work, or for
achieving goals set by their company. This incentive to travel
motivates employees to work harder, improves work
relationships, and builds team spirit. A salesman who receives a
holiday package for achieving the most sales in the company is an
example of an incentive tourist.
D) Gap year travellers: do not study further or enter job
opportunity after school, instead they take break called a gap year.
They travel, work and earn money, learn new skills or do
volunteer work in another country. During this time they gain
skills and life experience before starting tertiary education. These
young people are also known as “gappers”.
18. Name
4. Tourist Profile
Mr. John Brown
Nationality
Australian
Age
24
Contact details
2 Boundary Road, Bondi Beach Sydney
(Learners may supply made up contact
detail)
Occupation
Sports Science Consultant
Needs and preferences
•
•
•
•
Specific requirements
• Transport- bus, for journeys between
cities, minibus taxi in and around
towns, air for the long flight
• Dietary
Budget
Low to middle
Duration of visit
15 – 25 December
Accommodation – hostel
Sport – watch local rugby
Photography – trip to a game reserve
Food – visit to township restaurant.
Mr Brown is a vegetarian so make sure
vegetarian food is available
19. INTRODUCTION
TRANSPORT : Transport is a system in which
passengers & goods are carried from one place to
another.
Well known and coordinated transportation plays an
important role in the sustained economic growth of a
country.
When different regions of a country start specializing
in certain selected products, the need for exchange
automatically arises.
Exchange of product or sending products to other
places involves transportation.
21. IMPORTANT MEANS OF TRANSPORT
Railways
Road transport
Water transport
Air transport
22. RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Development and expansion of railways
lays revolutionized transport system
world over.
It is convenient mode of transport for
long distance and suitable for carrying
heavy and bulky goods.
It has played a crucial role in
industrialization and development of
nations.
23. ROAD TRANSPORT
Road transport is most suitable for short
and medium distance where other means
are unable to reach.
It provides door-to-door service , which is
not possible with other means.
It is the most promising means of
agricultural and industrial advancement of a
country.
Today , it occupies a predominant position
in the transport network in the country.
24. WATER TRANSPORT
Water transport are cheapest method of shipping heavy ,
low value , non – perishable goods .
Water transport can be divided into 2 categories.
1.
Inland water transport
It includes natural modes such as navigable rivers and
artificial modes.
India has about 14,500 kms of navigable waterways.
Development of IWT commenced from second five
year plan –total outlay was around rs.34cr.
Further rs.903cr was alloted for IWT in one tenth
plan.
Again, in 11th plan period three more waterways are
proposed to be added to include coverage of
additional 4,500km.
25. AIR TRANSPORT
Air transport is most modern ,quickest as well as latest edition
to the mode of transport.
Airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India (AAI).
Efforts are on to provide with the latest scientific technology
to ensure passengers safety and quick handling of passengers
and freight traffic.
1.
2.
In India, government first decided to air routes in 1920
between
Mumbai and kolkata
Kolkata and Rangoon
Subsequently, during 10th plan period an expenditure of rs.
12,928 cr was provided to the ministry of civil Aviation out
of which rs.7,792cr was spent.
Further ,in 11th plan rs.43,560 cr was kept aside as total
projected outlay.
27. Restaurants
Provide food and Beverage
services and some
entertainment facilities.
Discotheque, Tennis court.
Caters for families, travelers
and Holiday Makers.
Décor of such restaurants
feature higher quality
materials with an eye
towards the "atmosphere"
desired by the restaurateur.
28. Coffee Shop
Coffee shop is a part of
the Hotel.
Run 24 Hours.
Pre-plated service has
been done.
Offered some snacks along
with coffee.
They Change their Menu
4 times in a day.
Used separate menu for
Breakfast, Lunch, Evening
Tea, Dinner.
29. Nightclubs
Normally open in Nights
at Dinner, Dance and
Celebrate.
A Dispensing Bar always
provided Decor is Lavish
while service is elaborate.
30. Pubs
The pubs are Famous for
their expensive wines and
Spirits and other alcoholic
drink.
In Pubs Bartenders
produces exclusive
cocktails and great
sommelier to keep the
wine glass full.
31. Reference List
Sheethal Anchan, Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/sheethalanchan/transport-system-mbetn?qid=cf39c3d8-6d29-4215-83a5-d04dbaefc1ac&v=default&b=&from_search=2 (Accessed on
07March 2014).
AMARESH JHA, Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/hotelierjha/foodandbeverageservicemanagement?qid=5dce812e-c9ef-4b3a-aaa105b7bc7ee1df&v=qf1&b=&from_search=8 (Accessed on 05 March 2014).
1stborn31, Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/1stborn31/types-of-tourist?qid=e4935d61e193-467e-b129-df379a0ea6e0&v=qf1&b=&from_search=2 (Accessed on 07 March 2014).
>
Alampy. Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/randialampay/01introduction-to-tourismand-development?qid=a10f5458-3b0c-473e-bc67-65e52b7d43d6&v=default&b=&from_search=8
(Accessed on 05 March 2014).