1. Introduction to
Kingdom Animalia

2. Characteristics of Animals
Heterotrophic
Multicellular
Movement
Eukaryotic

3. Basic Embryology
Define:
Zygote
Embryo
Blastula
Gastrula

4. Embryonic Germ Layers
Ectoderm– outside layer
Mesoderm – middle layer
Endoderm – inside layer

5. LAYER ORGAN & ORGAN
SYSTEM
Ectoderm Nervous system
Skin
Mesoderm Muscles
Circulatory System
Skeletal System
Reproductive System
Endoderm Lining of gut and
respiratory tracts
Liver
Pancreas

6. Animals With No
Embryonic Stages
Sponges
Cnidarians
Ctenophorans

7. Protostomes – blastopore
becomes mouth
 Acoelomates – no body cavity
– Platyhelminthes
 Draw the acoelomate body plan in
your notes here.
 Pseudocoelomates – fake body cavity
– Nematodes
 Draw the pseudocoelomate body
plan in your notes here.

8. Deuterostomes – blastopore
becomes anus
 All are Eucoelomates – true body
cavity
– Mollusks
– Annelids
– Arthropods
– Echinoderms
– Chordates
 Draw the eucoelomate body plan in
your notes here.

9. Symmetry
Assymmetry
–Irregular shapes
–Do not move
–Sponges

10. Symmetry
Radial Symmetry
–Can divide into equal halves
using many planes
–Cnidaria (stinging animals)
–Echinoderms (sea stars)

11. Symmetry
 Can only divide into left & right
halves
 Most efficient for movement
– Flatworms
– Roundworms
– Mollusks
– Segmented Worms
– Chordates

12. Anatomical Positions
DORSAL
POSTERIOR ANTERIOR
VENTRAL