A PRESENTATION ON BINARY AND VARIABLE STARS.

1. BINARY AND VARIABLE STARS.

3.  HUGE MASS OF STARS
 SMALLEST GALAXY -100000 STARS
 LARGEST GALAXY-3000 BILLION STARS
 MILKY WAY SPIRAL GALAXY
 GALAXY ROTATING IN SPACE,WITH STARS
MOVING FASTER.

4.  CLOUD OF DUST AND GAS
 EMISSION AND REFLECTION NEBULAE
 NEBULAE OF DYING STARS : PLANETARY
NEBULAE AND SUPERNOVA REMNANTS
 OPEN AND GLOBULAR CLUSTERS

5.  BC HIPPARCHUS’ CLASSIFICATION
 6 GROUP CATEGORISATION
 1ST GROUP- BRIGHTEST STARS
 6TH GROUP-FAINTEST STARS
 1ST MAGNITUDE STAR= 100 X 6TH
MAGNITUDE

6. Bm/Bn=(n-m)Log2.512

9. HOT STARS COOL STARS
 SHORTER WAVELENGTH
 HIGH TEMPERATURES
 EMITS MORE LIGHT OF
BLUE VIOLET
 LONGER WAVELENGTH
 LOW TEMPERATURES
 EMITS MORE LIGHT OF
YELLOW RED COLOUR

10.  KNOWLEDGE PROGRESSED IN TWO STEPS
 1. MASS DETERMINATION
 2.RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS AND
LUMINOSITIES.

11. KINDS OF
BINARY
1.VISUAL BINARY
2.SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY
3. ECLIPSING BINARY

12.  1867, JOHN STONEY’S THEORY
 MACMILLAN’S THOERY
 FISSION THEORY

13.  FORMATION OF ROCHE LOBES
 FILLING OF ROCHE LOBE

14.  WIDE SEPARATION IN ORBITS
 REVOLUTION OF FAINTER STAR ABOUT ITS
BRIGHTER COMPONENT WITH A COMMON
CENTER OF GRAVITY.
 ANGULAR SEPARATION AND THE POSITION
ANGLE.

15. ACCRETION DISK
SIRIUS SEEN BY HUBBLE
TELESCOPE

16.  SIRIUS (49.5 YEARS)
 CYGNI (720 YEARS)
 ᾳ-CENTURI (80 YEARS)

17.  PICKERING’S OBSERVATION
 SHIFTING OF ABSORPTION LINES
 CLOSE STARS OF EQUAL BRIGHTNESS.
 DOPPLER SHIFTS- VELOCITY CURVES
 MASS- AMPLITUDE OF VELOCITY CURVE
RELATIONSHIP
1. 2πrp = vpƮ
2. 2πrs = vsƮ also,
3. mp/ms = rs/rp = vs/vp

18.  FIRST OBSERVED IN MIZAR
 SHORTEST PEROD OF REVOLUTION
 1. VISUAL-4.5YEARS
 2. SPECTROSCOPIC- FEW HOURS TO 150 DAYS.

19.  PERIOD ECLIPSE OCCURRENCE
 TOTAL AND ANNULAR ECLIPSES BASED ON
SIZE OF STARS.
 CHANGE IN LIGHT INTENSITY.

22.  STARS ORBITTING ARPOUND EMPTY SPACE
 NO VISIBLE COMPANION
 DIM,MASKED BY GLARE OF PRIMARY, EMITS
LITTLE OR NO RADIATION

30.  INTRINSIC VARIABLES
 EXTRINSIC VARIABLES
 LIGHT CURVES DATA
1. BRIGHTNESS VARIATIONS
PERIODICAL,SEMIPERIODICAL, IRREGULAR
2. SHAPE OF LIGHT CURVES

31.  PULSATING- ALTERNATE EXPANSION &
CONTRACTION
 ERUPTIVE- ERUPTIONS AND FLARES ON
SURFACE
 CATACLYSMIC OR EXPLOSIVE VARIABLES

32.  EFFECECLIPSING BINARIES, DOUBLE STARS
 ROTATING VARIABLES – (SUNSPOT TS)

34.  CEPHEIDS-CLASSICAL CEPHEIDS, TYPE II, RR
LYRAE, DELTA SCUTI ETC.
 LONG PERIOD VARIABLES- MIRA,
SEMIREGULAR, SLOW IRREGULAR
 SLOW PULSATING B STARS
 RV TAURI
 ALPHA CYGNI
 PULSATING WHITE DWARFS

35.  INFORMATION OF MASS, RADIUS, TEMPERATURE
AND LUMINOSITY
 UNDERSTANDING NATURE OF DIFFERENT STARS
 SYSTEMATIC ANALYZING- PHOTOGRAPHIC,
PHOTOELECTRIC AND CALIBERATED COUPLED
DEVICE (CCD)
 CEPHEID VARIABLES HELPS IN DETERMINING AGE
OF UNIVERSE
 CATACLYSMIC HELPS IN UNDERSTANDING ACTIVE
GALAXIES AND SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES.