1. HEADLINES
The Mystery of the Murdered Marine
WOMEN AT ARMS
A Peril in War Zones: Sexual Abuse by Fellow G.I.’s
By STEVEN LEE MYERS
Published: December 27, 2009
Futenma dispute strains ties with Japan
Military Academy in compliance with sex assault prevention program
Published: Monday, December 28, 2009
17. HEADLINES
The Mystery of the Murdered Marine
WOMEN AT ARMS
A Peril in War Zones: Sexual Abuse by Fellow G.I.’s
By STEVEN LEE MYERS
Published: December 27, 2009
Futenma dispute strains ties with Japan
Military Academy in compliance with sex assault prevention program
Published: Monday, December 28, 2009
18. RCC Training and Quality Assurance
Conference
Dr. Kaye Whitley
Director
19. Objectives
• Define “sexual assault” and “consent” within the
Department of Defense
• Articulate the different reporting options:
Unrestricted and Restricted
• Recognize the members of the Sexual Assault
Response Team
• Assess how to utilize resources to prevent sexual
assault and support victims
19
20. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
20
22. Why is this Briefing important to You?
• Sexual Assault Disclosure
• Policy
• Victim care and support
• RCCs – Integral part of the system
• Case Example
22
23. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
23
24. Milestones
Sec. Rumsfeld
Directs Review of JTF-SAPR Restricted Reporting DoDI 1St SAAC DoD-wide Strategic
Treatment and Care Established Implemented Signed Convenes Plan & Oversight
of SA Victims Framework
Feb 04 Apr 04 Oct 04 Jan 05 Jun 05 Oct 05 Jun 06 Apr 07 Sep 08 Aug 09
DoDD
JTF-SAPR
Care for Victims of Comprehensive Signed Prevention
Transitions into a
Sexual Assault Task SA Policy Permanent Office Strategy
Force Report Released Released
PROBLEM ID POLICY DEVELOPMENT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION PREVENTION ACCOUNTABILITY
24
25. DoD Policy
It is DoD policy to prevent sexual assault within
the Department by establishing a culture of
prevention, response, and accountability that
enhances the safety and well-being of all DoD
members.
25
26. SAPRO: Part of OSD
Secretary
of Defense
Office of the
Secretary of
Defense
Personnel and
Readiness (RSI)
SAPRO
Department Department
Department
of the Navy of the Air Force
of the Army
Army Navy Air Force
SHARP SAPR Program SAPR Program
Program
Marine Corps
SAPR Program
26
27. “Sexual Assault” Training Definition
Includes the following:
• Rape, forcible sodomy (oral or anal sex), or other
unwanted sexual contact that is aggravated, abusive
or wrongful, or attempts to commit these acts
• Can occur without regard to gender or spousal
relationship or age of victim
• Intentional sexual contact, characterized by use of
force, threats, intimidation or abuse of authority or
when the victim does not or cannot consent
27
28. Consent
An expression or lack of consent through
words or conduct means there is NO consent.
29. Consent
• Does NOT occur when there is a lack of physical
resistance or submission due to the accused’s use of
force, threat of force, or placing another person in fear
• Is NOT based on the manner of dress of the person
involved with the accused
• Is NOT based on a current or previous dating
relationship by itself
29
30. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options: Unrestricted and Restricted
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
30
31. Unrestricted Report
• Command and investigative services notified
– Can lead to offender accountability
• Allows the victim to receive:
– Medical treatment
• Sexual Assault Forensic Examination (SAFE)
– Advocacy services
– Counseling assistance
– Legal services
• Victims’ Rights
– Mandated monthly status reports
31
32. Restricted Report
• Does not trigger the investigative and/or legal process
– To address potential physical security issues the senior
commander is notified of the case, but not of individual
details
• Victims have access to medical care, counseling and
Chaplain services
• Offered Sexual Assault Forensic exam which is
maintained for one year
• Used 3,640 times since June 2005
– About 10% convert annually
32
33. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
33
34. Sexual Assault Response Team
• Sexual Assault Response Coordinators*
• Victim Advocates*
• Medical and Mental Health Providers*
• Chaplains* * Can take Restricted Report
• Unit Commanders
• Investigators
• Judge Advocates
34
35. Sexual Assault Response Coordinator
• Center of gravity for the victim’s case
• Coordinates response to victim
– Military and civilian
• Manages and trains victim advocates
• Reports statistics
• Serves as program’s link to Command Note: SARC Training
• Can take a Restricted report
35
36. Victim Advocates
• Approx. 40 hrs initial training (or more)
• Civilian and/or military
• Volunteer vs. appointed
– In some services, this is a collateral duty
• Direct victim support
• Present whenever victim requests
• Not an attorney or legal advisor
• Can take a restricted report
36
37. Reserve Component Eligibility
• Applies to National Guard and Reserve members who are
sexually assaulted when performing active service and
inactive duty training
• Line of Duty (LOD):
– Definition: Determines if a member of the Reserve
component is eligible for medical care at government
expense for an injury or illness
– Consideration: Did the event occur or was aggravated while
in an activated military duty status
– Note: SARCs can approve LODs for sexual assault cases
37
38. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
38
39. Annual Reports of Sexual Assault
3500 3230
2908
3000 2688
Number of Reports
2500
2516
2000 2265
2085 Total Reports to DoD
1500 Unrestricted Reports
Reports Remaining Restricted
1000 714
603 643
500
0
FY07 FY08 FY09
Year
Total Reports of Sexual Assault, FY07-FY09 39
40. FY09 Offenses Reported
Non-Consensual
Sodomy Attempts to
6% Commit Offenses
Indecent Assault
<1%
1%
Wrongful Sexual Rape
Contact 31%
22%
Offenses reported in
Unrestricted Reports
opened in FY09.
n = 2,516
Abusive Sexual
Contact
7%
Aggravated Aggravated
Sexual Contact Sexual Assault
2% 31%
40
41. Least Common – Stranger Perpetrator
• Bad guy!
• Little or no relationship to victim
• Uses a weapon
• Evidence and/or injury to victim
• Evidence at scene
• Reported more quickly
• Needs to be in jail!
These statements are NOT true. They should
not be generalized across all sexual assaults. 41
42. Most Common - Non-stranger Perpetrator
• Might be a “good guy”
• Relationship with victim
• Injury to victim less likely
• Evidence at scene less
conclusive
• Reported more slowly
• “Nice guy having fun”
42
43. The Majority of Reports
• 18 – 24 years old
• Male on female
• Junior Enlisted (E1 – E4)
• Non-Stranger
• Off duty
• Alcohol
*DoD Annual Report on Sexual Assault in the Military, 2008
*DMDC Gender Relations Survey, 2006
43
44. Goal: Close the Gap
Survey Reporting (Prevalence)
Prevention
Reports of Sexual Assault
Goal: Narrow
Reporting Gap
Reporting
Reports to DoD
Authorities
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 44
45. Unwanted Sexual Contact
In 2006 AC Gender Relations Survey
• 6.8% of women
• 1.8% of men
– Only 22% of those women and 21% of those men reported the matter to
an authority
In 2008 RC Gender Relations Survey
• 3.5% of women
• 0.9% of men
– Only 26% of those women reported the matter to an authority or
organization
– Consistent with Active duty data
45
46. Reasons for Not Reporting
• Felt uncomfortable making a report
• Thought they would be labeled a troublemaker
• Did not want anyone to know about the incident
• Did not think anything would be done
• Feared retaliation
• Not important enough to report
• Thought they would not be believed
• Thought reporting would take too much time and effort
• Did not report because they did not know how
• Thought it may negatively impact their career (i.e. Security
clearance) 46
47. Overview
• Introduction
• History, DoD Policy and Program
• Reporting Options
• Victim Support
• Current Statistics
• Prevention Efforts
• Additional Resources
47
48. Rationale for Prevention
• Undermines core values
• Degrades mission readiness
• Subverts strategic goodwill
• Raises financial costs
• Takes a human toll
48 48
49. The DoD Prevention Strategy
• Key Features:
– Spectrum of Prevention: Interventions at all levels of
military society to influence knowledge, skills, and
behaviors that support prevention
– Core Intervention: Active Bystander Intervention
• Teaching people how to
– Recognize potential problems
– Intervene Safely
– Social Marketing Campaign
• Reinforces all other interventions and training 49
50. *Davis, R., Parks, L., and Cohen, L. (2006) Sexual Violence and the Spectrum of Prevention:
Towards a Community Solution. Enola, PA: The National Sexual Violence Resource Center. 50
51. Desired End State: Culture Change
• How are we changing DoD culture?
– Service Accession Focus:
• Customs and Courtesies
• Duty to Prevent and Encourage Reporting
The Military will be the last place a predator or rapist wants
to be. 51
52. Social Marketing Tactics
• Posters
• PSAs
– TV
– Radio
– Armed Forces Networks
– Base Theaters
– Civilian
• “MyDuty.mil/sapr.mil”
• Leadership Support Imperative
– Commander’s Guide sent out via command channels
• Sexual Assault Response Coordinators
• Print ads 52
52
60. Way-Ahead Highlights
• Program Planning
– USD (P&R) Strategic Plan
– DoD-wide Strat Plan and Oversight Framework
• Program Improvements
– Expanding the policy to DoD contractors who are U.S.
citizens
• Program Communication
– Four new reports legislated by Congress
• Reserve Component (RC) Specific
– Will focus on RC for this year’s policy assistance visits
– Upcoming review on RC
60
61. 1401 Wilson Blvd, Ste 402
Arlington, VA 22209
703-696-9422
sapro@wso.whs.mil
61
62. Objectives Review
Define “sexual assault” and “consent” within the
Department of Defense
Articulate the different reporting options: Unrestricted and
Restricted
Recognize the members of the Sexual Assault Response
Team
Assess how to utilize resources to prevent sexual assault
and support victims
62
63. RCC Training and Quality Assurance
Conference
Dr. Kaye Whitley
Director
Editor's Notes
We are in the headlines Sexual assault is a problem in our nation and in our militarySome estimate are that 1 in 6 women and 1 in 33 men will be sexually assaulted in their lifetimeSome estimate that 1 in 4 people will be sexually assaulted in their lifetime
We were Soldiers Once and YoungArmy Wife for 26 yearsThis is the day he left for Vietnam. He was promoted to Captain in two years. The second picture is his last promotion and he left the service several years later. Through out my entire adult life I have been involved either personally or professionally in ways that I felt has contributed to making the military a better place. I have worked in Child Care, DoD schools, POW/MIA Family Support, debriefing teams for returning prisoners of war, military spouse employment centers, and more. One of the speeches that I gave numerous times was on Stress in the Military Family. 10 occupational stressors on families…frequent moving, dangerous separations, child bearing years, low on money issues, etc. All occupations have some of the stressors, but the military is the only place where a family can experience all 10…Today there are so many deployments, the stress is heightened. And for those wounded, your role is certainly vital. So, have bonded a bit?
Case example: Openshaw story; Sexually assaulted while awaiting his medical discharge; experienced PTSD; eventually got care but died suddenly from respiratory arrest from prescription drug toxicity.
BackgroundFirst SA us a crime – always procedures in place to deal with crime and always procedures in place to deal with victims of crimeCertainly we have always had medical treatment available for our militaryThen WHY a policy on crime?Pockets of excellenceConsistency of excellence across the ServicesCongress wanted a single point of accountabilityOversight to ensure compliance and effectiveness
Definitions for TrainingUCMJ has 8 Categories, including attemptsInteresting fact about our data vs. VA – We have more female victims VA has more male ---meaning they wait to report Not just a women's’ issue
Scene from 2009 movie Observe and ReportStill shot – director did two cuts“Consent” means words or overt acts indicating a freely given agreement to the sexual conduct at issueby a competent person.An expression or lack of consent through words or conduct means there is no consentIn a court of law – challenge to establish rape vs. drunk sex
Not okay to have sex with someone who is unconscious or unable to provide consentNot okay to have sex with someone who is unconscious or unable to provide consentDress – use Ann Munch example about the ATMRelationship - Just because you have had sex one time does not give you permission to have sex anytime you want – Ann Munch – borrowing money
Sexual assault response coordinator Jerry C. Moore, left, explains to sexual assault victim intervention (SAVI)advocates the proper methods of assisting sexual assault victims during a SAVI meeting at Naval Base San Diego, Calif., Jan. 8, 2007. SAVI advocates are trained to assist victims of sexual assault in obtaining medical care and counseling and to advise them of procedures to report the crime. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Matthew A. Hepburn) (Released)Photographer's Name: MCSN MATTHEW A. HEPBURNLocation: unknownDate Shot: 1/12/2007Date Posted: unknownVIRIN: 070108-N-2600H-011Retrieving Details...Retrieving Details...
Previously, only commanders could approve an LOD.
Of the 2,516 investigations INITIATED in FY09, RAPE and AGGRAVATED SEXUAL ASSAULT each accounted for 31% of all reports, for a total of 776 reports each. WRONGFUL SEXUAL CONTACT accounted for 22% of cases, for a total of 550.----------------------------Definitions per the Uniform Code of Military Justice (USMJ), Article 120 and 125 as of October 1, 2007:Rape – Forcible penetration of the vagina by use of threat of death, grievous bodily harm, rendering unconscious, or drugging the victimAggravated Sexual Assault – Penetration of the vagina by use of bodily harm, lesser threats than death, taking advantage of victim’s incapacitationAggravated Sexual Contact – Forcible touching of the genitalia by use of threat of death, grievous bodily harm, rendering unconscious, or drugging the victimAbusive Sexual Contact – Touching of the genitalia by use of bodily harm, lesser threats than death, taking advantage of victim’s incapacitationWrongful Sexual Contact – Touching of the genitalia of another without permission Indecent assault – Unlawful touching of the genitalia by use of force (discontinued under UCMJ after FY06)Non-consensual sodomy – Forcible penetration of the mouth or anusDefinition per UCMJ, Article 80:Attempts to Commit Offenses – Any person who attempted to commit any sexual assault offense
This is what most people think represents a rapists
The perfect Service member. He can shoot, move and communicate. This is the guy you want when things get hot downrange. It is very hard to believe that this person would do this.
Bystander intervention – talk about in a minute but…18- 24 – may be a hard sell – use ex of focus groupWhen you look at language. – Gail Stern…..Sex Signals hit, screw, hammer, nail - sex at home depotAgain – more males – vastly underreported.
RESEARCH BASED Prevention StrategyDeveloped with researchers from Men Can Stop Rape (EFFECTIVE at creating similar prevention strategies)Spectrum of PreventionPolicy Achievements:In FY2009, Department of Defense (DoD) Senior Leadership briefed Prevention Strategy to:Senior Service and National Guard LeadershipDeputy Chiefs of Staff for PersonnelAssistant Secretaries for Manpower and Reserve AffairsSAPRO Director presented the Prevention Strategy to Senate Armed Services CommitteeMilitary Services enlisted senior leaders as agents of change and held prevention-focused leadership summits in FY08, FY09 and FY10Organizational Achievements:Combatant Commands and Joint Chiefs developing policy to address SAPR as part of contingency and exercise planningSexual Assault Awareness Month observed at every installation around the worldMonthly sexual assault case management meetings involve senior installation leadershipSexual Assault Response Coordinators provide local sexual assault report data to leadership for review of safety issuesCoalition Achievements:Partnered with Men Can Stop Rape to develop DoD Social Marketing Campaign, the Prevention Strategy, and Sexual Assault Awareness Month materialsPennsylvania Coalition Against Rape, Department of Justice, and DoD Partnership:Developed curriculum to enhance civilian agency support of military sexual assault victimsPartnered with the Armed Forces Networks to develop new sexual assault prevention public service announcements for military television and radio channelsEducating Providers Achievements:Provided prevention webinars to sexual assault response coordinators and victim advocatesRevised military commanders’ training and provided prevention-focused Commander’s GuideTrained Sexual Assault Response Coordinators at 2008 Annual Conference on prevention topicsDistributed prevention materials regularly through DoD SAPR.mil websiteCommunity Education Achievements:Incorporated Active Bystander Intervention education as chief component in Service prevention programsDeveloped social marketing campaign for the Military ServicesTheme: “My Strength Is for Defending: Preventing Sexual Assault Is Part of My Duty”Focused on every Service member’s duty to prevent sexual assault by taking an active role in looking out for the welfare of friends and fellow Service membersCreated Military Service-specific posters highlighting key concepts in sexual assault preventionIndividual Knowledge and Skills Achievements:All Service members receive annual sexual assault prevention and response trainingMandatory component of all accession training, professional education programs, and pre-command coursesAmended DoD training policy to address prevention and behaviors that reduce sexual assault: Bystander interventionRisk reductionObtaining affirmative consent
Intended for our Service members and victims
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