Geology's Role

2. ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
Group Presentation
ROLE OF GEOLOGY IN SELECTION OF
CONSTRUCTION SITE of Mega Projects
• Group Members:
• Osama Tahir
• Ehsan Ahmed khan
• Syed Ilyas Ali
• Muhammad Haris
• Wajid Ali

3. Content
• Introduction
• Role of Engg. Geology
• What are Mega projects?
• Site selection
• References

4. INTRODUCTION
• Engineering geology may be defined as
application of geological principles to
engineering problems ,especially in civil
engineering projects.
• Civil engineering projects are founded on
materials which have been formed by
geological processes.

5. ROLE OF ENGG. GEOLOGY
• Systematic knowledge regarding site.
• The knowledge of the geological work of
natural agents such as water, wind etc.
• Feature of area and possible design of
foundation

6. What Are Mega Projects?
• Which has Cost US 1billion $ or more
• Which gain large Public attention
• These projects may include bridges, tunnels ,
highways, airports, power plants, oil and
natural gas extraction ,dams , town planning
etc.

7. SELECTION OF SITE
Selection of site for mega projects will be on the
following geological basis:
• Geological Survey
• BEARING capacity
• Slope stability
• Water table
• Nature of rock
• Seismic zone
• Soil erosion
• Altitude
• Climatic parameters

8. MEGA PROJECTS
DAMS TOWN PLANNIG BRIDGES
Bearing capacity Bearing capacity Topography
Seismic zone Seismic zone
Topography
Slope stability
Bearing capacity
Sea level
Topography
Underground water Seismic zone
Slope stability
Type of rock
Sea level Sea level
Soil profile
Water Table
Climatic parameters Soil type

9. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
• A geological survey is the systematic
investigation beneath a given piece of ground
for the purpose of creating a geological map
or model.

10. BEARING CAPACITY
• The ability of a soil to bear a load from a
structure through foundation.
• This test can be performed through bore logs.

11. Geological mapping
• Before construction, geological mapping is
must for the site or surface of construction to
show geological features like Rock units or
geologic strata.

12. SIESMIC zones
• Location of construction site
• The probability that an earthquake will occur
in a given geographic area.

13. SLOPE STABILITY
• the resistance of inclined surface to failure by
sliding or collapsing.
• Gravity is main factor
• Do not exceed the angle of repose

14. WATER CONTENT
• Water present beneath surface
• Water content must be checked for the safety
of the project
• Water can penetrate which is a big hazard for
the foundation which ultimately effects the
structures

15. NATURE OF ROCK
• Rocks are extremely important in terms of their properties
and strength
• The type of rock greatly effect projects
• organic or inorganic type of the rock.
• type of materials(minerals)

16. SOIL EROSION
• Naturally occurring process
• May be a slow process that relatively
unnoticeable
• May occur at an alarming rate
• Wind and water are its main agents

17. SOIL TYPE
• Type of strata
• Type of mineral composition
• Alluvial soil, clay soil
• SA, SB, or SE type

18. Altitude
• This can be considered as elevation level
• Elevation w.r.t sea level
• For reference point

19. CLIMATIC PARAMETERS
• Wind direction
• Temperature
• Humidity (MC)
• Atmospheric pressure

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March 2009.
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1678. Bibcode:2002Sci...297.1678A.doi:10.1126/science.1073950.
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Acta 10: 230–237. Bibcode:1956GeCoA..10..230P. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(56)90036-9.
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References

21. •Thank You

22. ANY QUESTIONS