This slide show make us understand about the need for Interlinking the Indian rivers on the national emergency basis, its relation with the life of the people - society - nation, the relation between the water and the disease, the need for identifying the safe - secure - surplus supply of water without disputes and make the nation developed at the top and the individuals at the root levels.

1. By,
Dr. Shivu. P.
No. 757, Vinayamarga, 11th cross, Siddarthanagar, Mysore
11. PIN: 570011.
Cell: 9448477380, Land phone:0821 2561277
Mail: shivup.183@gmail.com
1

2. SECTION 5: RETICULAR CANAL SYSTEM FOR INTERLINKING INDIAN RIVERS
Why we need to interlink Indian Rivers?
Delegates, Please note:
1. RCS is a new concept for interlinking Indian rivers.
2. So, it is necessary to understand the concept with clarity.
3. Since it is a new concept all of you will get lot of doubts.
4. It is very essential to clarify the doubts, thus the RCS can be
established without errors, and it is important as the nation
needs to invest lot of money on it expecting better returns
within a year or two.
5. The clarification for the doubts for the present slide may be
2
present in subsequent slide.
6. So, please write down the doubts in the work sheet with the
slide number in the margin, which is mentioned in the right
lower corner of each slide.
7. These doubts will be discussed in the ‘interaction’ session.

3. 3

4. Reticular canal system
Eradication of drought will also eliminates the
poverty to the maximum extent especially in our
nation where the maximum people depend on rain
for their livelihood i.e. for Agriculture.
Drought leading to Poverty acting as the obstacle in
the process of national progress is the topic of
discussion and it is the national emergency that we
need to address.
And the answer to this national emergency is present
in ‘RCS for Interlinking Indian rivers’ that I need to
propagate, for which I seek the help of all of you.
4

5. RETICULAR CANAL SYSTEM FOR
INTERLINKING INDIAN RIVERS –
My talk under the present
heading will be centered on,
1. Why?
2. How ?
3. So, What?
5

6. RETICULAR CANAL SYSTEM FOR
INTERLINKING INDIAN RIVERS –
My talk under the present heading
will be centered on,
1. Why We need to interlink?
2. How We can interlink?
3.So, What is the use?
6

7. 7

8. 1. Why we need to interlink?
The reasons are many,
and they are not my findings
or
These are not my words.
8

9. Source [16]
Topic series: 195.
Topic: 1. F&F – Poor rain fall.
RCS will supply the
water
continuously to all
the places on
needy basis and
thus people need
not wait like this.
9

10. Topic series: 196
Topic: 2. F&F – Water levels
in reservoirs in different
seasons.
Water will not come
and fill the reservoir
in a fraction of
seconds; rain is not
going to happen like a
flash. The raining is
the process it takes its
own time, and thus
the flow of water in
its path. Source: News paper.
10

11. Topic series: 196
Topic: 2. F&F – Water levels in
reservoirs in different seasons.
Source [17]
All the water which
generates in one river
basin cannot be stored
with any number of
reservoirs, thus we need
to leave the water to the
sea which exceed the
capacity of the reservoir
and the people will not
have any benefit out of it.
11

12. Topic series: 196
Topic: 2. F&F – Water levels
in reservoirs in different
seasons.
On the other hand
many reservoirs
will remain empty
waiting for long
time for the rain to
occur in its
catchment area or
for the release of
water stored at
another reservoir. Source [18]
12

13. Topic series: 196
Topic: 2. F&F – Water levels
in reservoirs in different
seasons.
RCS will supply water to all
the possible places at the
higher level itself, before
the water reaches the lower
level by assessing the water
generation and the flow,
not only in the reservoirs of
the same river basin, but
also from / to all the river
basin. Do the same thing
when there is good rain in
the other river basin. Source [18]
13

14. Topic series: 196
Topic: 2. F&F – Water
levels in reservoirs in
different seasons.
Whatever number of
reservoir system we have
today with their maximum
capacity is not sufficient for
present population, that’s
way disputes are present and
the tribunals to keep these
‘disputes for decades’ exists.
RCS distributes water to all
the rivers, lakes, ponds,
reservoirs and to all the
places where ever we want
when there is rain at any
place which is higher to the
14
place of storage. Source [19]

15. Few decades ago only the surface
Topic series: 197
water was the source of water, later
Topic: 3. F&F – Not enough
people learnt to extract the
drinking water.
underground water through open
wells. Now, with the advent of
technology in the past three to four
decades people are more dependent
on the underground water through
bore well.
The recent development is, most of
the bore wells are empty because we
started using the bore wells more than
its replenishment.
RCS will give solution for all these; the
surface water we can use as per our
demand, the underground water level
will increase everywhere. Source: News paper.
15

16. Topic series: 198
Topic: 4. F&F – Fluorosis due to
bore well water.
Source: News paper.
Source [20] Source [20]
Nothing of this sort will happen with RCS,
because all the people will get purified river
(Surface) water for drinking purpose. We need
not use the bore wells for any purpose. Surface
water is the safe water with respect to the
chemical composition of water is concerned
unless it is not contaminated (Polluted) by the
human activity.
16

17. Source: News paper.
Topic series: 199
Topic: 5. F&F – No water for
irrigation.
Is it possible to have good yield with this
method? A farmer doing this type of manual
work and the yield that he gets with this - is it
going to keep him and his family well?
17

18. Topic series: 202.
Topic: 8. F&F – Lack of
rain leads to low flow
of water in the rivers.
With RCS the
people can
sown the
seeds at the
ideal time and
they need not
wait for the
rain fall to
occur.
Source [22]
18

19. Topic series: 200.
Topic: 6. F&F – Over crowded people to collect the water from a tanker.
Situations like this will not occur due to ‘scarcity of water’
(excluding the problems associated with the water supply system)
with the establishment of RCS.
Source: News paper.
19

20. Topic series: 201
Topic: 7. F&F – Protest for drinking
water.
‘Population over growth in a
smaller area of land away from
the source of water’ or ‘When the
demand is more than the supply
done by the nature’ is the cause
for all such types of problems.
With the establishment of RCS
there will not be any scarcity of
water for any reasons. With RCS
people need not protest like this
for water for domestic purposes.
Source [21]
20

21. Topic series: 205.
Topic: 11. F&F – Scarcity of electricity.
With RCS adequate amount of
power can be generated and can be
supplied to all the parts of the
nation through nationwide grids.
These electricity generation
stations are created along the
course of RCS, at all the possible
places where we get optimum
height of fall of water from PC to SC
in thousands of numbers with
better capacity to produce the
electricity.
Source [25]
21

22. [Most cities supply water only a few
hours a day and none provides 24hour
water. A World Bank report says it is an
institutional problem in water agencies,
or "how the agency is embedded in the
relationships between politics and the
citizens who are the consumers." Only
13% of sewage is treated according to
one estimate, leaving rivers and other
water resources under severe strain.
Some 700 million Indians do not have
access to a proper toilet.
Source [28]
Topic series: 208.
Topic: 14. F&F – Water only
for few hours in a day.
All the villages
and cities will
get adequate
supply of water
for domestic
use through
RCS.
22

23. To solve such problems, we need to
create the irrigation system, which is
 Simple in creation,
 Surface in situation (so, it is available for use all along the
course),
 Safe, even if it breaks down,
 Secure even in the absence of monitoring,
 Synergistic to the present irrigation system,
 Saves money in creation and maintainace still irrigates
‘larger surface’.
 Sustainable in long run in the service of irrigating the land,
 Sufficient in volume (TMC), thus ‘Say’ no to disputes.
23

24. RCS will act
like a bridge
between
flood and
drought
prone area
giving
justice to
both. 24

25. This leads to decreased agricultural production
↓
Decreased personnel and family economy
↓
Poverty and decreased nutritional intake
25

26. Insufficient water, poor quality of water in terms of
chemical / microbiological parameters
↓
Increased incidence of diseases / work absenteeism /
hospitalization
↓
Decreased productivity and increase in the expenditure
↓
26
Poverty and decreased nutritional intake

27. Effects of poverty on:
Poor
Rich
Nation
27

28. Effects of poverty on:
Poor:
Decreased intake of nutrition.
Smaller average built.
Decreased working capacity.
Decreased quality of life.
Act like the reservoir of diseases.
Increased burden on cheaper hospitals (Government and charitable)
Becoming less competitive in the present competitive world and
remaining as poor in the next generation also.
Expects favors from the government / unable to lead the life in the
absence of support from the government.
If the nation has more number of poor, then that nation becomes poor .
28

29. Effects of poverty on:
Rich
Less customers' for the products generated by
the rich.
Quarrels with the rich while paying the bill.
Makes the rich to generate poor quality items to
fulfill the requirement of the poor.
Rich cannot expect more from the poor in
many types of services (e.g. Health service).
The rich need to confine himself in the place
where only rich lives. 29

30. Effects of poverty on:
Nation
Less generation of the money through the taxation.
Poor public infrastructure.
Poor salary and benefits for the employs.
Increased tendency to indulge in corruption ‘to
fulfill the gap’ by the employs.
Increase in the incidence of crime.
So, there is a relation between the irrigation and the
overall national development.
30

31. Sources:
[16] Times of India News paper, Page number 1, dated 25.06.09.
[17] Times of India News paper, Page number4, dated 28.06.09.
[18] Times of India News paper, Page number6, dated 1.07.09.
[19] Times of India News paper, Page number2, dated 26.6.2009.
[20] Times of India News paper, Page number 4, dated 30.6.09.
[21] Times of India News paper, Page number5, dated 15.5.09.
[22] Times of India News paper, Page number4, dated 1.7.09.
[23] Times of India News paper, Page number6, dated 28.05.09.
[24] www.3dsyndication.com. DNA-Bangalore 20.7.9, Page number 12.
[25] Times of India News paper, Page number4, dated 30.6.09.
[26] Times of India News paper, dated 30.06.09.
[27] Times of India News paper, Page number4, dated 1.07.09.
[28] Economy of India. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This page was last modified
on 22 February 2009, at 23:16.
[29] Copyright © 2000 Indian Express Newspapers (Bombay) Ltd. Growth in per capita
income raises India's rank.mht.
[30] The Hindu Opinion - News Analysis MDG and India’s drinking water racing ahead at what
cost.mht.
[31] Internet: India statistics facts and figures neoncarrot travelog.
[32] Google earth.
31

32. Section 5:
Reticular canal system for interlinking Indian rivers;
Chapter 6:
Facts and figures related to Reservoirs of India:
32

33. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Andhra Pradesh
•Nagarjuna Sagar
Dam
•Srisailam Project
•Srisailam Dam
•Nizam Sagar
•joorala project
•rajolibanda dam
•kiol sagar
•Telugu Ganga
•Polavaram dam
•Nijam Sagar
Reservoir
•Osman Sagar
•Sriram Sagar
Reservoir
•Lower Maneru
Reservoir
•Himayath Sagar
Reservoir
•Dindi Reservoir
•Somasila
•Gandipalem Reservoir
•Dowleswaram Barrage
•prakasam barrage
•Tatipudi Reservoir
•Inchampalli
•Pulichintala
•Ellammpalli
•Singur Dam
•Dummagudem
•NagarjunaSagar TailPond
•Sunkesula
•Musi Reservoir
•pothireddy padu
•Ramagundam Dam
•Pranahita Chevella
•Intenuka Muriki Kaluva
Reservoir
•jeri dam 33

34. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major
rivers, lakes and
reservoirs in India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Gujarat
•Sardar Sarovar Project on Narmada
river
•Ukai Dam near Surat
•Dharoi Dam on Sabarmati River near
Dharoi
•Vasana Berej on Sabarmati River
near Ahmedabad
•Check Dams
34

35. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Himachal Pradesh+ Punjab
•Bhakra Dam on Sutlej river, near Nangal
•Gobind Sagar
•Maharana Pratap Sagar
•Pong Dam Reservoir on Beas River, near
Talwara.
•Pandoh Dam on Beas River, near Mandi.
•Chamera Dam on Ravi River near Chamba.
•Nathpa Dam on Sutlej River near Rampur.
Jammu and Kashmir
•Salal Project
Jharkhand
•Maithon Dam
•Chandil Dam on Swarnarekha River near
Chandil
35

36. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Karnataka
•Hidkal Jalashaya (Dam) across Ghataprabha
•Dhupdal Reservior across Ghataprabha
•Krishna Raja Sagara Dam
•Alamatti Damacross Krishna
•Basava Sagara Dam
•Linganamakki dam
•Supa Dam
•Kodasalli Dam
•Kadra Dam
•Tunga Bhadra Dam
•Kabini Reservoir
•Harangi Dam
•Narayanpur Dam downstream of Alamatti Dam
•Garura Dam Krishna River
•Hemavathi Reservoir (Gorur Dam)
•Naviltheertha Dam across Malaprabha
•Nethravathi river
•Linganmakki Dam across Sharavathi River
•Gajanuru Dam across Tunga river
•Lakkavali Dam across Bhadra river 36

37. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Kerala
•Banasura Sagar Dam
•Malampuzha Dam
•Chalakkudy Dam
•Peechi dam
•Vazhani dam
•Mangalam dam
•Mattupetty Dam
•Kundala dam in Munnar
•Parambikulam Dam
•Pothundi Dam
•Walayar Dam
•Idukki arch dam in idukki
•Mullaperiyar Dam
•Malankara Dam
•Neyyar Dam
•Siruvani Dam
•Meenkara Dam
•Kanjhirapuzha
•Chulliyar Dam
•Jeevana dam 37

38. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Madhya Pradesh
•Bansagar
•Bargi Dam
•Barna Dam
•Gandhi Sagar dam
•Indirasagar
•Madikheda Dam
•Narmada Dam Project
•Rajghat
•Tawa Reservoir
•halali dam
•kolar dam
•kerwa dam
38

39. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Maharashtra
•MULA Dam, Rahuri - River MULA
•Koyna Dam - River Koyna
•Jaikwadi
•Ujani -River Bhima
•Mulshi Dam - River Mula
•Khadakwasla - River Mutha
•Kolkewadi Dam
•Panshet - River Mutha
•Radhanagari
•Bhatsa
•Tansa
•Vaitarna
•Pawna - River Pawna
•Bhandardara
•Gangapur Dam, Nashik
•Ozarkhed Dam, Nashik
•Karanjwan Dam
•Nandur Madhmeshwar Dam
•Yeldari on Purna River Near Parbhani
•Siddheshwar on Purna River Near Parbhani
•Manar On River Manar Near Nanded
•Girna On River Girna
•Chaskaman On River Bhima Near Rajgurunagar
•Pravara On River Godavari
•Isapur Dam on River Painganga River.
•Bhadardara On River Pravara 39

40. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Meghalaya
•Umiam Lake
Orissa
•Balimela Reservoir
•Hirakud Dam on Mahanadi River
near Sambalpur
•Balimela Reservoir
•Jalaput on Machkund River near
Jaypore, Koraput District
•Indravati Dam on river Indravati in
kalahandi district
•Salia dam on river Kharkhari in
Ganjam District
40

41. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F –
Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Map of the
major rivers,
lakes and
reservoirs in
India.
This page lists
the reservoirs
and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Tamil Nadu
•Aliyar Reservoir
•Amaravathi Reservoir
•Amaravathi Dam
•Anaikuttam Reservoir
•Anainaduvu Reservoir
•Bhavanisagar Reservoir
•Chittar Reservoir
•Chittar Reservoir-1
•Chittar Reservoir-2
•Gatana Reservoir
•Golwarpatti Reservoir
•Gomukhinadhi Reservoir
•Gundar Reservoir
•Gunderippalam
Reservoir
•Kariakoil Reservoir
•Karupppanadhi
Reservoir
•Kelavarapalli Reservoir
•Kesarigulihalla Reservoir
•Kodaganar Reservoir
•Kovilar Reservoir
•Krishnagiri Reservoir
•Kullursandai Reservoir
•Kutharaiyar Reservoir
•Lower Nirar Reservoir
•Manimukthanadhi
Reservoir
•Manimuthar Reservoir
•Manjalar Reservoir
•Marudhanadhi Reservoir
•Mettur Dam
•Nagavathi Reservoir
•Noyyal Oarathuppalayam
•Palar Porandalar Reservoir
•Pambar Reservoir
•Parambikulam Reservoir
•Parappalar Reservoir
•Pechiparai Reservoir
•PeriyarReservoir
(Pilavukkal Project)
•Periyar Reservoir
•Perumpallam Reservoir
•Perunchani Reservoir
•Peruvaripallam
•Ponnaniar Reservoir
•Ramanadhi Reservoir
•Sathanur Reservoir
•Sholayar Reservoir
•Siddhamalli Reservoir 41
•Soolagiri chinnar
Reservoir
•Stanley Reservoir
•Thambalahalli
Reservoir
•Thirumurthi Reservoir
•Thoppaiyar Reservoir
•Thunakadavu Reservoir
•Uppar Reservoir
•Upper Nirar Wier
•Vaigai Dam
•Vaigai Reservoir
•Vaniyar Reservoir
•Varadamanadhi
Reservoir
•Varattupallam
Reservoir
•Vattamalaikarai Odai
Reservoir
•Vembakottai Reservoir
•Vidur Reservoir
•Willingdon Reservoir

42. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F –
Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Reservoirs and
dams in India.
Map of the major
rivers, lakes and
reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and
dams in India.
Source [34]
Uttar Pradesh
•Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar on Rihand River in Sonbhadra
•Kalagarh Dam on Ramganga River in Kalagarh
•Parichha Dam on Betwa River in Parichha (Jhansi District).
•List of Dams in Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh
(A) Matatila Dam constructed during 1952-1964 on Betwa River in Lalitpur
District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 6.30 km, Height 33.53 Meters, Area 20,720
Sq.km., Storage 1132.68 M.c.m
(B) Jamni Dam constructed during 1962-1973 on Jamni River in Lalitpur
District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 6.40 km, Height 19.18 Meters, Area 414
Sq.km., Storage 92.89 M.c.m
(C) Rohini Dam constructed during 1976-1984 on Rohini River in Lalitpur
District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 1.65km, Height 15.50 Meters, Area 44 Sq.km.,
Storage 12.12 M.c.m
(D) Shahzad Dam constructed during 1973-1992 on Shahzad River in
Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 4.16 km, Height 18.00 Meters, Area
514 Sq.km., Storage 130.00 M.c.m
(E) Govind Sagar Dam constructed during 1947-1953 on Shahzad River in
Lalitpur District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 3.60 km, Height 18.29 Meters, Area
368 Sq.km, Storage 96.8 M.c.m.
 (F) Sajnam Dam constructed during 1977-1990 on Sajnam River in Lalitpur
District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 5.15 km, Height 18.78 Meters, Area 290
Sq.km., Storage 83.50 M.c.m
(G) Sukma-Dukma Dam a below water construction on Betwa River near
Jhansi District, Uttar Pradesh, Length 2.15 km, Height 20.78 Meters42

43. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
Uttarakhand
•Tehri dam
•Dhauli ganga dam
•Sriram Sagar
•Devadula Lift Irrigation Project
•Kaddam
•Manjira Reservoir
•Lower Tirna
•Purna
•Upper PenGanga
•Lower Dudhana
•Jayakwadi Dam
•Bhandara Reservoir
•Mula Reservoir
•Upper Pravara
•Upper Indravati Project
•Godavari Canal
•UpperWainGanga
•Majalgaon irrigation project is located in the
Godavari river basin in the state of Maharashtra.43

44. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
West Bengal
•Panchet Dam
Dam projects
•Narmada Dam Project
•Banasura Sagar Dam - Banasurasagar Project
•Noyyal River - Tanks System
•Farakka Barrage .
Source [34]
44

45. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
All the dams and the areas which are
below the level of 500mts AMSL except in
the states of Jammu and Kashmir,
Northestern states will get the water form
RCS and the principle feeders will be the
Ganga and the Yamuna.
All the dams and the areas which are
below the level of 300mts AMSL except in
the states of Jammu and Kashmir,
Northestern states will get the water form
RCS and the principle feeders will be the
Brahamaputra for the RCS.
45

46. Topic series: 278.
Topic: 1 . F&F – Reservoirs
and dams in India.
Reservoirs and dams in
India.
Map of the major rivers,
lakes and reservoirs in
India.
This page lists the
reservoirs and dams in
India.
Source [34]
All the dams and the areas which are
below the level of 900mts AMSL in south
deccan platue especially the southern
districts of Karnataka, western districts of
Andra Pradesh and Tamilnadu will get the
water from the RCS and the principle
feeders will be the River Kavery.
All the dams and the areas which are
below the level of 800mts AMSL in north
India like states of Punjab, Haryana,
Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, northern district
of Uttarpradesh, Bihar which are north to
the course of Ganga and Yamuna will get
the water from the RCS and the principle
feeders will be the Ganga and Yamuna
Rivers. 46

47. Topic series: 282
Topic: 5 . F&F –Water dispute – Height of almatti dam.
[Water disputes:
Height of almatti dam.
State gets a good deal. Tribunal gives nod to raise Almatti dam height to 524.25
meters.
New Delhi: In what could be a major relief to Karnataka, the Krishna water disputes
tribunal-2 has allowed the state to build the Almatti dam up to the originally
proposed height of 524.25 meters.
Major decisions: Karnataka allowed to increase almatti dam height from 519 meters
to 524.25 meters. Krishna waters decision Implementation Board to be set up: will
monitor flows. Releases to be monitored every 10 days. Karnataka should release 8
to 10 tmc to AP in June and July. Award to come up for review in 2050.
Water allocations: Total water availability: 2293tmc, Andrapradesh 1001tmc,
Karnataka 911tmc, maharastra666tmc.
This judgment has been given after 43 years of proceedings.
Source [37]
47

48. Topic series: 282 . Topic: 5 . F&F –Water dispute – Height of almatti dam.
It is true, by increasing the height of the dam from 519 to 524.25
mts. It is possible to store more water, that we can use it later.
But what is the use if we are not getting sufficient water to fill the
dam in one rain year. As per the calculation the total available water
is 2293 TMC, Andrapradesh is more benefitted from this because
there is more land available for agriculture and more population is
going to be benefited. If the water generated is less then both the
states are under loss. The level of water (Height) in the dam depends
on the rain in the catchment area (Inflow) and the utilization in the
process of agriculture and others (out flow). If the inflow is steady
throughout the year and the out flow is also steady then both the
states are going to be benefitted. If we increase the height of the
dam then we may be storing more water but the back water may
immerse more inhabited areas and it may extend in to the
neighboring states like Maharastra and other interstate issues and
problems of rehabilitation will also arise.
48

49. Topic series: 282 Topic: 5 . F&F –Water dispute – Height of almatti dam.
With RCS all such problems will be solved. If we are creating the FPC1 at
the level of 500mts AMSL, then the back water in the Almatti dam will
raise only up to 500 (exactly 495) mts AMSL. Any water which is more
than 500 mts AMSL will enter back in the FPC1. But the almatti dam will
always be able to release the water to both Karnataka and
Andrapradesh, what ever amount they need. Here the total water
availability: 2293tmc, and the allotted water to Andrapradesh 1001tmc
and to Karnataka is 911tmc, Maharastra 666tmc.
With RCS the total water available becomes more than the requirement,
and the states like Andrapradesh, Karnataka, and Maharastra can use
2000TMC or even more if they want, because the FPC1 will be
continuously filled by the rivers like Ganga – Yamuna – Mahanadhi –
Narnmada- Godhavari – Kaveri – and Krishna it itself.
Thus we need not increase the height of the almatti dam ‘in this
instance’. Increasing the height of the dam may be the necessity in
another instance, that we need to discuss, as such issues arises.
49

50. Sources:
[34] Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, answers.com, Wikipedia.
[37] Deccan herald, Mangalore, Friday, december31, 2010. And
Prajavani Kannada daily news paper, Mangalore, Friday,
December, 31, 2010.
50

51. Section 5:
Reticular canal system for interlinking Indian rivers;
Chapter 8:
Facts and figures related to Drought in India:
51

52. Topic series: 294
Topic: 1 . F&F – India digs deeper in to the drought.
Drought:
[With water supply running out, India digs deeper in to
their drought.
Because of the rapid decline in their water supply, India's
people have turned to digging wells in order for them to
have access to this fundamental natural resource. The
people of India only digs more, and their problems grow
deeper.
Source [45]
52

53. Topic series: 294
Topic: 1 . F&F – India digs deeper in to the drought.
Drought:
[With water supply running out, India digs deeper in to their
drought.
"We are close to the finishing point," says a farmer from People Ka
Bas. "The water is almost gone."
It is indeed a sad state, especially since water is considered to be
one of, if not the most important, natural resource that man needs
to survive.
For now, government efforts include water deliveries via train just so
the residents of small towns can fill their buckets with water for 15
minutes every 48 hours. Source [45]
53

54. Topic series: 294
Topic: 1 . F&F – India digs deeper in to the drought.
With RCS underground water in all the places of the
nation will reappear, all the present bore wells and
open wells will be filled with quality water. There will
not be any necessity to dig new bore wells with RCS.
The free flowing surface water of the RCS will be
good enough to use for domestic purposes provided
the RCS is not contaminated by the activity of the
people. Strict policies on solid – liquid – gaseous
waste disposal will lead to prevention of
contamination of surface water.
54

55. Topic series: 295
Topic: 2 . F&F – More than 100 million are at risk due to drought.
[India: More than 100 million at risk: Low rainfall during the
last two years has caused severe drought conditions in 11
Indian States. An estimated 130 million people - 15 percent
of the population - in more than 70,000 villages and 230
urban centers are at risk. Apart from economic loss due to
low agricultural production, loss of animal wealth,
inadequate nutrition and primary health care, the impact of
the drought is likely to retard the development process. The
most severely affected States are Gujarat, Rajasthan and
Andhra Pradesh.
55

56. Without rain most of the crops will be
destroyed.
Drought fuels India farmer fears.
Maharashtra is one of India's most prosperous
states - but despite that, farmers have been
committing suicide for the past three years in
despair at crop failure, drought and Growing
indebtedness.
There, the steady rise in farmers' suicides has
become a shameful public scandal, even
forcing the new Indian Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh to pay a visit earlier this
month. Source [52]
Topic series: 304
Topic: 11 . F&F –Without
rain most of the crops will
be destroyed.
56

57. Topic series: 304
Topic: 11 . F&F –Without
rain most of the crops will
be destroyed.
Water scarcity and loss in
agriculture will never occur with
RCS in any part of India. Farmers
need not wait for rain in any
season of the year. Water for
agriculture will be available in
sufficient quantity all the time of
the year. Thus RCS will bring an
end to the farmer’s suicide due
to loss in agriculture.
57

58. Topic series: 305
Topic: 12 . F&F - GDP was known to drop when
there was a bad drought.
[Drought-proofing India.
How does a drought translate into a fall in growth? Since agriculture
constitutes about 25 per cent of GDP, a four percentage point decline
in agricultural production should directly translate into a one
percentage point decline in GDP growth. In addition, there are other
effects. The linkages between agriculture and GDP arise from both
the demand and the supply side. On the demand side, when
agriculture does well, rural incomes rise. A rise in rural incomes leads
to greater demand for industrial products. It has been seen that
consumer goods do well when rural incomes rise. In some cases the
impact is immediate, in others the effect comes with a lag. The sales
of shampoos, soaps and bicycles might respond immediately, whereas
the sales of motorcycles, fertilizer, tractors and televisions may have a
lagged impact. Source [53]
58

59. Topic series: 305
Topic: 12 . F&F - GDP
was known to drop
when there was a bad
drought.
Creation of RCS will solve the
problems related to irrigation
and thus the people dependent
on agriculture will produce more
income. Thus, they produce
more demand on the industry for
their needs and ultimatly the
industry and the agriculture
segment together will lead to
better GDP.
59

60. Topic series: 308
Topic:17 . F&F – Water, the stuff of life, has become the source of dangerous friction.
Seven percent of the world's population has not
enough water. By 2050, this will be 70 percent.
Yet our planet has 1,400 million million million
liters of water: 100 billion liters a head. But 97
percent is salty and much of the rest is trapped
underground or stored as polar ice. Only 0.8
percent of the Earth's water is accessible--and
drinkable: about a billion billion liters.
It is enough on average. But some countries have
too much. Others have too little. Source [54]
60

61. Topic series: 308
Topic:17 . F&F – Water, the stuff of life, has become the source of dangerous friction.
I think the nation has to understand the
seriousness and act according for the supply of
water to all the parts of the country on emergency
basis. If we take rest for few years by not taking
any serious thought to get the water for all the
people of the nation and if we plan the same after
some years by that time we may be in a position
to do the project but the international laws may
stop us not to carry out any such projects and the
people of the nation is going suffer from the
deficiency. The word ‘war for water’ needs to be
understood efficiently. 61

62. Topic series: 309
Topic: 16 . F&F – Types of drought.
During the drought of 2000-2001, a total of eight
states have fallen foul of the rain gods. These
included Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa,
Rajasthan, Chattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh,
Maharashtra and Tehri Garhwal districts in
Uttaranchal. Some states were in their second or
third consecutive year of drought.
Source [55]
62

63. Topic series: 309
Topic: 16 . F&F – Types of drought.
With RCS all the drought prone states of the
India like Rajastan, Haryana, Chandigarh,
Delhi, Panjab, Andrapradesh and Rayal seema,
Karnataka, Tamilnadu, and Kerala can be
irrigated well. The areas of the India which are
coloured blue are flood prone that does not
mean the flood is due to rain over that area, but
it is due to the convergence of river water over
there.
63

64. Topic series: 309
Topic: 16 . F&F – Types of drought.
With RCS all these
water will be diverted
at their tributary level
(at higher levels) and
thus more water
entering to the areas
colored blue will be
avoided and this
water will be supplied
to the drought prone
areas which are
colored brown in the
map. 64

65. Topic series: 310
Topic:17 . F&F – National commission on agriculture classifies drought.
We should understand that the drought is
not the new problem and it will be there
only for few years and then goes off. This is
the human sufferings existing from many
centuries and the severity is increasing as
the population increases. With RCS we can
eradicate all types of drought permanently.
65

66. Topic series: 311
Topic:18 . F&F – Drought - the silent threat to rural economy.
[Drought – the silent threat to rural economy;
Shortage of drinking water and starvation for food
are the other consequences that emerge. Fodder
problem drives away the animals to distress sales.
Thus climate is the initial causative factor for
drought; the implications are manifested by human
interactions with the situation. Source [57]
66

67. Topic series: 311
Topic:18 . F&F – Drought - the silent threat to rural economy.
Since agriculture is the main profession of the nation and
the immediate victim of the drought disaster is
agriculture, we need to take measures to eradicate the
drought immediately on emergency basis and the
solution for this is the RCS. Since the Drought causes
damage to the crop and thus the farm employment, the
marginal farm employs are the people who are going to
affect at the first and leads to migration to urban areas in
search of employment. Thus if we create RCS all the
farmers will have better income in their own village and
will not migrate.
67

68. Sources:
[45] India-IntroductionArticle Detail - Science News - QJ_NET.mht.
[46] Internet: Drought disasters – UNICEF.
[47] Drought in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.mht.
[48] Internet: Drought-proofing India.
[49] Internet: Environmental issues in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
[50] Internet: Welcome to NRSC – Drought. National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO/DOS,
Govt. of India. Recent update in Feb-2009. 2006-2008 National Remote Sensing Centre,
ISRO/DOS, Govt. of India. Recent update in Feb-2009. Designed & Developed by CMC
Limited.
http://dsc.nrsc.gov.in:14000/DSC/Drought/index.jsp?include1=homelink1_b1.jsp&&include
2=homelink1_b2.jsp# Welcome to NRSC - Drought.mht.
[51] Internet: Welcome to NRSC – Drought.
[52] http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3916559.stm By Zubair Ahmed BBC
correspondent in Maharashtra.
[53]India-IntroductionDrought-proofing India.mht.
[54] Famine.mht.
[55] Types of Drought in India.mht.
[56] Welcome to NRSC - Drought1.mht.
[57]Welcome to NRSC - Drought2.mht.
[58] Welcome to NRSC - Drought3.mht.
[59] Welcome to NRSC - Drought4.mht. 68

69. Section 5:
Reticular canal system for interlinking Indian rivers;
Chapter 9:
Facts and figures related to Surface and Underground canals:
69

70. Topic series: 314
Topic: 1 . F&F – Underground canal.
[Irrigation: Underground Canal
Choose another wonder.
Length: 274,560 feet (52 miles)
Purpose: Canal.
Engineer(s): John Gilbert, James Brindley
Beneath the old county of Lancashire, England,
lie miles and miles of underground canal - 52 to
be exact. Considered an engineering masterpiece
of the 18th century, the "Navigable Level," as it
was known in its day, serves as a monument to
the area’s industrial past.
Source [60]
70

71. Topic series: 314
Topic: 1 . F&F – Underground canal.
In RCS we will not be creating the underground canals
frequently. It is because the underground canals may cut
the distance travelled by the canal. But, that we do not
want, because the longer the surface canal the more
area will be the canal irrigates with more number of
branches (Secondary canals). If the path of canals
contains some chemicals then there is a possibility of
making the entire RCS to be contaminated with that
chemical. So if we are doing the underground canals in
some part of the RCS then it is also important to assess
the chemical quality of the water coming out from the
canal.
71

72. Topic series: 315
Topic: 2. F&F – Canals of the United Kingdom.
Maintenance of the underground canal
becomes more expensive and
troublesome and the possibility of the
collapse of the underground canal needs
to be kept in the mind.
72

73. Topic series: 315
Topic: 2. F&F – Canals of the United Kingdom.
The canals of the RCS can be utilized for
various purposes like for recreation (boat
house / holiday packages) since it will be
with the nice sceneries.
The canals of the RCS can also be used for
transportation of materials and it becomes
the cheap way of transportation all across
the nation.
73

74. Topic series: 315
Topic: 2. F&F – Canals of the United Kingdom.
Boat lifts and locks can be created at
suitable place where the different level
canals come in close contact. For example
the FPC1 and FPC4 may come as close as
one kilometer at some places so the boats
travelling at 300mts AMSL canal can be
lifted to 500mts AMSL canal.
74

75. Topic series: 316
Topic:3 . F&F – DUKE
OF BRIDGEWATER'S
UNDERGROUND
CANAL AT WORSLEY.
Under
ground
canal of
Worsley.
Irrigation: [DUKE OF BRIDGEWATER'S UNDERGROUND
CANAL AT WORSLEY. You can now SEE the tunnel
entrances clearly. All the rapidly growing trees and bushes
have been cleared away and the whole site is now visible.
Source [62]
75

76. Topic series: 316
Topic:3 . F&F –
DUKE OF
BRIDGEWATER'S
UNDERGROUND
CANAL AT
WORSLEY.
The water which comes out of the underground canal may
have different color due to contamination with some
chemical? In RCS underground canals are not done
frequently. 76

77. Topic series: 317
Topic: 4 . F&F – It would be possible to use canals to link the four great rivers of England.
A newly restored section of Stroud water Navigation which linked the
Thames and Severn Canal to the Gloucester and Sharpness and the
River Severn. Source [63] 77

78. Topic series: 317
Topic: 4 . F&F – It would be possible to use canals to link the four great rivers of England.
Interlinking rivers for the better utilization of river
water as the demand for water is increasing with
the increased population is not a new thing. But
we have to identify the most suitable ways for our
nation depending on the geography and water
availability in the nation. According to me ‘RCS’
will fulfill our need in the fields of agriculture,
industry and for domestic purposes.
78

79. Sources:
[60] BUILDING BIG Databank Underground
Canal.htm.
[61] Canals of the United Kingdom - Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia.htm.
[62] Duke of Bridgewater's Underground Canal at
Worsley - Introduction1.htm. 26.1.02.
[63] List of canal tunnels in the United Kingdom -
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm.
79