ISSUES AND DISPUTES OF HYDRO POWER PROJECTS EMPHASIZES ON ALMATTI DAM SITUATED IN NORTHERN PART OF KARNATAKA. AN IRRIGATION DAM SERVES WATER TO KARNATAKA AND ANDHRA PRADESH AND TELANGANA.

1. A Report On Issues and Disputes of
Almatti dam.
By
Gurudath G Prabhu (CB.EN.P2RET15004)
AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
ETTIMADAI, COIMBATORE – 641112
Email: gurudathprabhu1993@gmail.com
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2. CONTENTS
 ABOUT RIVER KRISHNA
 OVERVIEW OF UKP
 ABOUT ALMATTI DAM
 WHY DAM WAS BUILT
 ISSUES
 REHABILITATION
 BACKWATER
 SOIL ALKALINITY
 INTER STATE DISPUTES
 GOVERNMENT GREAT DECISION
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE
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3. ABOUT RIVER KRISHNA
 The Krishna River is the second biggest river in peninsular India.
 It originates near Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra from the statue of a
cow in a temple.
 It then runs for a distance of 303 km in Maharashtra, 480 km through
the breadth of North Karnataka and the rest of its 1300 km journey
in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh before it empties into the Bay of
Bengal.
 The river basinis 257,000 km² and the States of Maharastra, Karnataka
and Andhra Pradesh contributes 68,800 km² (26.8%), 112,600 sq.k.m
(43.8%) and 75,600 km² (29.4%) respectively.
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4. An overview of UKP I
FIRST REPORT ( 31ST MAY 1976)
SCHEME A
OUT 0F 2060 TMC
Maharashtra 560 TMC
Karnataka 700 TMC
Andhra Pradesh 800 TMC
SECOND REPOT ( 31ST DEC 2010) OUT OF 2578 TMC AVG
Maharashtra 666 TMC
Karnataka 911 TMC
Andhra Pradesh 1001 TMC
AS PER KWDT AWARD 1
AS PER KWDT AWARD 2
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5. LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI SAGAR
 138 VILLAGES SUBMERGED
 1,80,000 PEOPLE RELOCATED
 ONE WHOLE TOWN RELOCATED
 SUPPLIES WATER FOR IRRIGATION TO 10 DISTRICTS INCLUDING 5 DISTRICTS OF
ANDHRA PRADESH
 ANNUAL POWER PRODUCTION OF 590 MU OF ELECTRICITY
 SUCCESSFUL IN SOLVING DROUGHT , DRINKING WATER , CANAL IRRIGATION AND
FLOOD CONTROL
 MINIMUM TREES WERE CUT
 LESS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES BUT MORE SOCIOLOGICAL ISSUES
 HOME FOR 100 OF SPECIES OF MIGRATORY BIRDS SPECIALLY FLAMINGOES.
Height: 52.25m
Length: 1.565.15 km
Spillways: 26
Catchment area: 33,375
sqkm
Irrigation area: 0.16lakh ha
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6. WHY WAS THE DAM BUILT ???
 Dam comes under UPPER KRISHNA PROJECT I (UKP I)
Main purpose:
 Drought control
 Irrigation
 Drinking water
 Effective use of flowing water.
Difficulties:
 Relocation of 134 villages, population upto 1,80,000.
 Construction of rehabilitation centers for these people.
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7. Overall cost
 During the initial stages of the project, estimated costs were projected
as Rs.14.70 billion
 The transfer of project's management to the Karnataka Power Corporation
Limited (KPCL).
 The estimated cost was reduced by over fifty percent to Rs. 6.74 billion.
 The KPCL eventually completed the project at an even lower cost of Rs.
5.20 billion.
 ONE OF THE EFFICIENT ACHIEVEMENT OF KPCL IN THE MIDST OF HIGH
CORRUPTION
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8. REHABILITATION
 The families displaced by the Upper Krishna Project in Karnataka are unhappy
at the rehabilitation centres.
 The irrigation project, which has taken over 40 years to complete, dislocated
93,263 families (a vast majority of whom are dependent on agriculture).
 S.N. Cheluvadi, a landless farm labourer and resident of the Biligi rehabilitation
centre, said: "It's been 10 years since I was shifted to this place, but I still have
no work
 Annasaheb Sirur, who lost his land and has been rehabilitated in the nearby
Korati rehabilitation centre, said: "At least in Goa I can catch fish and eat! Here I
am forced to serve tea in the school.“
 "More than 40 per cent of the 4.25 lakh displaced persons fall in this category.
Where do we put them? What kind of non-agricultural occupation do we find for
them? Shifting them from manual labour to semi-skilled labour is difficult.
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9.  But a new problem has cropped up; that of educated unemployed.
 These youth do not want to work in the fields but look for government
jobs.
 The government has reserved 5 per cent of Class C and D jobs for them,
but that is hardly sufficient in an era when government-run factories
are getting closed.
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10. FORMATION OF NAVNAGAR A BACKWATER ISSUE
 Whole Bagalkot town( District place ) was
submerged in back water of Alamatti dam.
 A higher location and the formation of
Bagalkot Town Development Authority
(BTDA) under the Karnataka Improvement
Boards Act, 1976.
 For locating the New Township of Bagalkot ,
an area of 4,320 acres has been acquired.
 22,000 structures, 91,596 people
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11. cont’d
 Various benefits to the displaced families :
free site allotment ,free houses, free stamp duty in
purchasing immovable properties, free transport, free
compensation…etc.
 4,467 structures, Rs. 117.97 Crores has been paid as
compensation, 7,579 plots have been distributed.
 The total estimated cost of Bagalkot relocation is Rs.
1037.49 Crores and the expenditure incurred upto end
of June 2003.
 All basic amenities like drinking water supply, electricity,
under ground drainage, roads, storm water drains,
public utility buildings etc. have been provided in the
New Township.
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12. SOIL ALKALINITY
 The uplands of Krishna river basin located in Maharashtra and Karnataka are
situated on the Deccan Traps which comprises thick seems of basalt rock
formations.
 Basalt rock is prone to chemical weathering contributing more TDS to the river
water.
 Water is not safe for drinking if the TDS exceeds 500 mg/l.
 The average yearly salt export requirement is nearly 12 million tons in Krishna
basin area up to Prakasam Barrage.
 At least 850 TMC water is required for salt export purpose to maintain water
TDS below 500 mg/l.
 The water TDS is around 450 mg/l during peak monsoon months which is
highest among the major Indian rivers. 10/11/2015
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13. INTER STATE DISPUTES
 This is regarding height raising of Dam from 519.6m to 524.26m.
 On Nov 30 2013
 Setback to Andhra Pradesh as Brijesh Tribunal allows raising Almatti dam
height.
 Since the decision of the tribunal is equivalent to a judgment of the Supreme
Court, no appeal against the award can be filed in any court until May 2050
when the tribunal is to review the final allocations.
 "Only after the Supreme Court delivers its judgment on our SLP that the award
of the tribunal will be implemented," said D Sudershan Reddy, counsel for the
state before the tribunal.
 The tribunal, however, directed Karnataka to make regulated releases of 8 to 10
thousand million cubic feet (TMC) from the dam to Andhra Pradesh in June and
July.
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14. CASE STUDY
 The louder you shout and the more noise you make, the greater is your chance
of succeeding: this seems to be the mantra of both Karnataka and Andhra
Pradesh (ap) politicians on the contentious issue of the Alamatti dam.
 BOTH THE STATES HAS PROBLEMS IN RAISING THE HEIGHT
KARNATAKA ANDHRA PRADESH
22 villages will be fully submerged Reduced water flow to nagarjunasagar,
jerula dam
192 partly submerged Jeopardizing the economy of ap's rice bowl
1.2 lakh acres should be acquired for
relocation
Karnataka will get more control
Pros : It can irrigate 5.4 lakh hectares
more,
Upstream states gets more benefit
100 MU more energy production
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15.  The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill, 2014
 Regulation of supply of water from the projects to the successor States having
regard to awards.
 Regulation of supply of power generated to the authority in-charge of the
distribution of power having regard to any agreement.
 Construction of such of the remaining on-going or new works connected with
the development of the water resources projects relating to the rivers.
 Making an appraisal of any proposal for construction of new projects on
Krishna rivers and giving technical clearance.
 Telangana state demands
 The newly formed Telangana state is fourth riparian state in the Krishna river
basin.
 To start again the tribunal proceeding afresh as it was not party to the earlier
KWDT1 and KWDT2 adjudications.
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16. CONCLUSION
 Proper review of all the rehabilitation centres and problems associated
with it.
 Inspection of problems at Dam.
 Infrastructure development.
 Afforestation.
 Adopt new technologies of irrigation.
 Conservation of water.
 Effective utilization of Dam water.
 Increase of medical aids for water borne diseases.
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17. GOVERNMENT GREAT DECISION
 “Don't Give Nod to New Dams, Water Ministry Tells CWC”.
 Ministry of Water Resources Secretary Shashi Shekhar had on August 25 written to
Central Water Commission Chairman A B Pandya that Minister of Water Resources
Uma Bharti.
 An expert panel has been studying the impact of existing and proposed dams on
the flow of rivers and the report will decide fate of dams.
 “In the process, not only have the rivers become fragmented, but most of the floral
and faunal species have become extinct. There are certain stretches where a river
has become completely dry,” said the letter.
 He stated that the environmental flow (e-flow) in rivers was a necessity for the
survival of a river, for it to perform its ecological functions and also to ensure that
the cultural dependence a community has on the river is maintained.
 No dam or barrage be designed or approved by the Central Water
Commission without factoring in adequate e-flow.
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18. STATE
Thermal (in MW)
Nuclear
(in MW)
Renewable (in MW)
Total
(in MW)
Coal Gas Diesel
Sub-
Total
Thermal
Hydel
Other
Renewa
ble(MW)
subtotal
Tamil Nadu 10,075.10 1026.30 411.66 11,513.06 986.50 2,182.20 8,423.15 10,605.35 23,104.91
Karnataka 6,408.46 - 234.42 6,642.88 475.86 3,599.80 4552.48 8,152.28 15,271.02
Andhra
Pradesh 5,849.21 1,672.65 16.97 7,538.83 127.16 1,721.99 2,002.65 3,724.64 11,390.64
Telangana 5,598.47 1,697.75 19.83 7,316.05 148.62 2012.54 62.75 2,075.29 9,539.96
Kerala 1,038.69 533.58 234.60 1,806.87 228.60 1881.50 204.05 2,085.55 4,121.02
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
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19. Bibliography
 http://www.kbjnl.com
 http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Dont-Give-Nod-to-New-Dams-
Water-Ministry-Tells-CWC/2015/09/04/article3009758.ece
 http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/3489/all-about-
alamatti/
 http://www.cea.nic.in/monthly_gen.html
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna_Water_Disputes_Tribunal
 Report on 40 years of Upper krishna project by UKP documentation
committee.
 www.soils.org
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20. DAM GALLERY
SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE
QUERIES ???
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