Motivation, why we do what we do. (and why we don't do what we should)

1. Get Motivated!
Janna C. Kimel
LCC-6318

2. Introduction
• Physical body • Monitoring
• Pain • Wearables
• Health • Physical Rehabilitation
=Motivation and Compliance

3. Introduction to Research

4. `mowtu'veyshun
The psychological feature that arouses an organism to
action toward a desired goal, the reason for the
action: that which gives purpose and direction to
behavior
--www.hyperdictionary.com
Antonym: Deter, Prevent

5. What do we focus on?
• Love
• Money
• Power
• Success

6. Motivational Theory
• Choice T heory • Self-Determination
• Belonging Theory
• Power • Autonomy
• Freedom • Competence
• Fun • Relatedness
• – Edward Deci and
Survival
Richard Ryan
– Dr. William Glasser

7. What motivates us?
• Goals
– Stop smoking, fit into a dress at a wedding, being fit
• Rewards
– $10 for every A on your report card
• Guilt
– I promised my roommate that I would clean
• Positive language
– “ you do that so well!” encourages us to do “ it” gain
• Social factors
– Meeting a buddy at the gym or running track

8. Motivation in Society

9. How does this connect?

10. Philosophical History
• Plato (427-347 BC) • Descartes
– Body as a distraction, the – Mind is not attached to
enemy in pursuit of? the body or physical
• Hunger, thirst, sex drive, world
sleep, pain – We can only be certain
• Death as release from
of our own thoughts
bodily limitations

11. Philosophical History
• Husserl (1859-1938) • Merleau-Ponty (1901-1961)
– Life world in embodied – Body in the world, how
experience, not just does it fit?
abstract – Body as mediator
– Physical world between internal and
external experience

12. Cues to State of Being
• Internal • External
– The mind – The physical body
• Thoughts, feelings, past • What it looks like tells
experience, pain, pleasure others something of our
– What we tell others state
• Attempt to share our – What we tell others
experience of the world • Attempt to share our
experience of the world

13. Putting it all Together

14. Wearables & Embodiment
A long-range vision, she says, is full sensory
interaction: "The wearable computer utilizes
all your senses for both input and output, and
that interaction modality is able to configure
and change on the fly according to the user's
needs and context.“
–Francis Gemperle, Institute for Complex Engineered Systems.

15. Embodied Interaction
Smart Electrode, Tunde Kirstein
The aim of the project is to develop new
surface stimulating electrodes that are
embedded into garments or gloves and can
provide electrical stimulation pulses to
different areas of the skin without replacing
the electrodes.
Use: contract paralyzed muscles of spinal
cord injured and stroke subjects in order to
generate or improve lost motor function,
e.g. for walking or hand grasp.
Interactive Motion Technologies,
Cambridge, MA
Patients using the robot have shown twice
the functional improvement, on standard
clinical scales, as patients given
conventional therapy, over the same
treatment periods. And they continue to
make progress in treatment programs
months or years after the stroke.

16. Embodied Interaction
Smart Jacket: Lucy Vibrotactile Shoulder
Dunne pads: Lucy Dunne
Illustrates concepts of
The sporty pewter- and integration of
silver-colored jacket uses technology by
embedded sensors that developing pre-
regulate an electro- existing garment real
conductive textile in the estate (volumes built
upper back to keep the into garments for
wearer warm. It also has aesthetic reasons) to
electro-luminescent wires minimize outward
that light up the jacket at appearance, social
night, and a physiological weight, and
monitor on the left wrist physiological
cuff to monitor pulse and discomfort caused by
heart rate. embedded electronics.

17. Computational Interaction
Xerox Parc
Portholes
Shared space
reveals who is
doing what work.
Knowing the person
in the cubicle down
the road from you is
working on a
particular project
may motivate you
to do the same.

18. Discussion
• Further thoughts on motivation?
• If:
– Phenomology suggests we process action,
perception, thought
– Platonic theory suggests we process perception,
thought, action
….which theory best represents human
motivation to exercise?