Avi resources

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Canada West Mountain School

Basic avalanche resources for Western Canada by Canada West Mountain School

Education Sports Technology

Avalanche Awareness
Presented by
Canada West Mountain School

Avalanche Hazard
Triangle

?
Avalanche
Hazard!
People or property
?

Photo: Jasper National Park

Photo: Mark Austin

Failure of slab through
additional weight

Failure in
tensile
strength
Local Shear
failure

Wind Increased load
on lee slope

Failure in
tensile
strength
Shear failure

Start Zone: Critical Angles
Angles are only relevant to
terrain in starting zones!
60-90
degrees Constant sluffs;
Large slabs
uncommon 25-45 includes a lot of
common terrain!
90
45-60 Frequent small avalanches;
degrees infrequent large slabs

25-45
60 degrees
Largest slabs;
Frequent avalanches
45
10-25
Dry slabs
degrees
are uncommon;
25 Wet avalanches can
occur occasionally

$Avalanche “Crown” approx. 2m in depth. Size 3 avalanche, 28 degree slope at fracture line Dec 27, 2008$

Snowpack Structure
Understand the snow pack if you are in Avi terrain

• Weather creates the snowpack
know the weather history

• Terrain effects modify the snowpack
pay attention to changes in terrain

• The snowpack will change over time
constantly re-asses snow conditions

• Have a visual picture of the snowpack

Information gathering
for backcountry
winter travellers

Where do we get our info??

• Public Avalanche Bulletins
• Weather offices, websites, etc
• Highways departments
• Parks offices
• Local guides
• Ski patrols
• Local outdoor stores
• Clubs and members
• Information from prior trips
• Online forums
• Friends, people on the trail

Avalanche Bulletins

• Canadian Avalanche Center Bulletin

• Whistler-Blackcomb Avalanche Advisory

• North Shore Avalanche Advisory

• US Avalanche resources (avalanche.org)

• European Bulletins

Weather information

• Environment Canada Weather
– Public Text forecast
– Satellite imagery
• Whistler-Blackcomb Alpine
• Mount Seymour Alpine
• Western Washington Univ.
• Mountain Weather Services
• Ski Resort Forecasts (snow-forecast.com)

Highways Departments

• Highways Webcams (and others)

• DriveBC.com

Local Guides

• Mountain Conditions Report (MCR)

• ACMG

• Canada West Mountain School

Other resources

• National Parks offices
• Outdoor stores
• Online forums
– Telemarktips.com
– CAA Forum
• Clubs and members
• Information from prior trips
• Friends, people on the trail

Anniversary Glacier Avalanche and historical run-outs – Jan. 2008

Flute Bowl, Whistler Mountain – May 2008

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Avi resources

1. Avalanche Awareness Presented by Canada West Mountain School

2. Avalanche Hazard Triangle ? Avalanche Hazard! People or property ?

3. Loose Snow Avalanches

6. Photo: Jasper National Park Photo: Mark Austin

7. Failure of slab through additional weight Failure in tensile strength Local Shear failure Wind Increased load on lee slope Failure in tensile strength Shear failure

8. Start Zone: Critical Angles Angles are only relevant to terrain in starting zones! 60-90 degrees Constant sluffs; Large slabs uncommon 25-45 includes a lot of common terrain! 90 45-60 Frequent small avalanches; degrees infrequent large slabs 25-45 60 degrees Largest slabs; Frequent avalanches 45 10-25 Dry slabs degrees are uncommon; 25 Wet avalanches can occur occasionally

9. Avalanche “Crown” approx. 2m in depth. Size 3 avalanche, 28 degree slope at fracture line Dec 27, 2008

10. Snowpack Structure Understand the snow pack if you are in Avi terrain • Weather creates the snowpack know the weather history • Terrain effects modify the snowpack pay attention to changes in terrain • The snowpack will change over time constantly re-asses snow conditions • Have a visual picture of the snowpack

11. Information gathering for backcountry winter travellers

12. Where do we get our info?? • Public Avalanche Bulletins • Weather offices, websites, etc • Highways departments • Parks offices • Local guides • Ski patrols • Local outdoor stores • Clubs and members • Information from prior trips • Online forums • Friends, people on the trail

13. Avalanche Bulletins • Canadian Avalanche Center Bulletin • Whistler-Blackcomb Avalanche Advisory • North Shore Avalanche Advisory • US Avalanche resources (avalanche.org) • European Bulletins

14. Weather information • Environment Canada Weather – Public Text forecast – Satellite imagery • Whistler-Blackcomb Alpine • Mount Seymour Alpine • Western Washington Univ. • Mountain Weather Services • Ski Resort Forecasts (snow-forecast.com)

15. Highways Departments • Highways Webcams (and others) • DriveBC.com

16. Local Guides • Mountain Conditions Report (MCR) • ACMG • Canada West Mountain School

17. Other resources • National Parks offices • Outdoor stores • Online forums – Telemarktips.com – CAA Forum • Clubs and members • Information from prior trips • Friends, people on the trail

18. Anniversary Glacier Avalanche and historical run-outs – Jan. 2008

19. Flute Bowl, Whistler Mountain – May 2008

Avi resources

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