1. 1
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
ACE Engineering College
Ankushapur(V), Ghatkesar(M), R.R.Dist - 501 301
2013-14
Under the guidance of
G.NARESH
Submitted by
B.Venkateswara 11AG5A0401
K.Vamsi 10AG1A0455
K.Saikrishna 10AG1A0460
S.K Sameer raja 11AG5A0402
K. Manjunath 11AG5A0424
3G UMTS HSPA RADIO NETWORK OPTIMIZATION IN BSNL
SERVICE AREA

2. Every alive Network needs to be under continues control to maintain/improve
the performance. Optimization is basically the only way to keep track of the
network by looking deep into statistics and collecting/analyzing drive test data. It
is keeping an eye on its growth and modifying it for the future capacity
enhancements. It also helps operation and maintenance for troubleshooting
purposes.
Successful Optimization requires:
• Recognition and understanding of common reasons for call failure
• Capture of RF and digital parameters of the call prior to drop
• Analysis of call flow, checking messages on both forward and reverse links to
establish “what happened”, where, and why.
• Optimization will be more effective and successful if you are aware of what
you are doing. The point is that you should now where to start, what to do
and how to do.
Itroduction

3. Purpose and Scope of Optimization
The optimization is to intend providing the best network quality using
available spectrum as efficiently as possible. The scope will consist all
below
• Finding and correcting any existing problems after site implementation
and integration.
• Meeting the network quality criteria agreed in the contract.
• Optimization will be continuous and iterative process of improving
overall network quality.
• Optimization can not reduce the performance of the rest of the
network.
• Area of interest is divided in smaller areas called clusters to make
optimization and follow up processes easier to handle.

4. 4
• Every a live Network needs to be under
continues control to maintain/improve the
Performance
• Recognition and understanding of common
reasons for call failure
• Capture of RF and digital parameters of the call
prior to drop
• Analysis of call flow, checking messages on
both forward and reverse links to establish
“what happened”, where, and why.
Optimization process :
• Optimization will be more effective and successful if you are aware
of what you are doing. The point is that you should now where to
start, what to do and how to do. Optimization is an important step in
the life cycle of a wireless network.

5. 5
Dropped-call rate :
• Due to technical reasons, were cut off before the speaking parties had
finished their conversation and before one of them had hung up
• The dropped-call rate in conventional (so-called land-line) networks is
extremely low and is significantly less than 0.01%.
Throughput:
• Throughput is the average rate of successful message delivery over a
communication channel
• The throughput is usually measured in bits per secon(bit/s or bps), and
sometimes in data packets per second or data packets per time slot.
Handover :
• Handover or handoff refers to the process of transferring an ongoing call or
data session from one channel connected to the core network to another
channel.
• desensitization then handover failure occurs.
Parameters used in optimization

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BSIC:
This code used in GSM to uniquely identify a base station.
The code is needed because it is possible that mobile stations receive
the broadcast channel of more than one base station on the same frequency.
LAI:
Each location area of a public land mobile network (PLMN) has its own unique
identifier which is known as its location area identity (LAI).
It is composed of a three decimal digit mobile country code (MCC), a two to
three digit mobile network code (MNC) that identifies the GSM PLMN in that
country, and a location area code (LAC) which is a 16 bit number thereby
allowing 65536 location areas within one GSM PLMN.
Latency :
Latency is a time interval between the stimulation and response, or, from a more
general point of view, as a time delay between the cause and the effect of some
physical change in the system being observed

8. 8
Drivetest :
• The testing process starts with selection of the 'live'
region of the network where the tests need to be
performed, and the drive testing path.
• Before starting the tests the engineer should have the
appropriate kits that include mobile equipment (usually
three mobiles), drive testing software (on a laptop), and
a GPS (global positioning system) unit.
• When the drive testing starts, two mobiles are used to
generate calls with a gap of few seconds (usually 15-20
s). The third mobile is usually used for testing the
coverage. It makes one continuous call, and if this call
drops it will attempt another call.

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DRIVETEST PROCEDURE
• After collecting the required information form the BTS and the OMC-R, the drive test is
started.
• The equipment is set up in a vehicle and long calls as well as short calls are generated.
• A long call is a call which is generated as well as terminated by the user himself.
• A short call is a pre programmed call generated by the system for a very small
duration, say 10 seconds or more.
• A long call is used to measure the handover success rate as well as the Rx quality.
• while CSR and Rx level are measured on a short call. The drive test is done over a
distance of 3 km or more from the starting point.

10. As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST
1. Dedicated / Continuous / Long Call Mode
Making continuous call along drive test activity.
Before starting the route, call the drive test number, ex. 199 for Telkomsel,
And only stop the call when the route (drive test) finish.
To see the quality and coverage of the network

11. As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST
2. Idle Mode
Along the drive test activity, the MS is “ON” but no call occur
To see the coverage of the network

12. As Drive Test Tools
MODE OF DRIVE TEST
3. Sequential / Qos / Short Call Mode
Creating the sequence of call along the drive test activity
Before starting the route create call sequence, for example:
Create call for 70 s and idle for 10 s.
Along the drive test, play this sequence until the route is finished
To see the real network performance run, when people call

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Actix post processing tool
• Actix Analyser is a software application, that provides a series of
analysis tools for post-processing cellular network data using Drive Test
Call Details report.
• This report provides a complete overview of the content of the drive
test
• These data sources could include field-test equipment and switch call
traces, and could be from a one-off test, or part of a planned series of
samples to build up an image of overall network performance.
• Once the data is loaded, a variety of analysis tools and displays provide
a clear view of network performance for engineers, technicians or
operations management staff.

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Short Call:
• Issues Observed: Problem occurred due to “abnormal case, Unspecified”. Problem
Description: Here Handover failure causes due to the interference of same frequencies of
two different BSICs. Same frequencies serving in same direction.
• Here the problem can be seen clearly as follows. Table 3: Handover failure at two different
BSICs
• So ,here 21 and 36 BSICs serving same frequencies then the interference occurred and
thereby Handover failure happened.
• Action Steps :
Re-orient the sectors ,Change the frequency planning.
Problems analysing using post processing tool
Cell ID BCCH BSIC
48132 67 21
47291 67 36

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Long Call:
• Issues Observed: Problem occurred due to “abnormal case, Timer expired”.
• Problem Description: MS is lost after Timer T3103 expired. MS didn‟t answer the Base
station within 2 seconds. T3103, Handover timer is the time the network waits after
transmitting a HANDOVER COMMAND message until receiving HANDOVER .
Event Handover
Failure 1
Handover
Failure 2
Cell ID 48151 48131
Time 17:16:45 17:00:51
Latitude 17.41876 17.41969
Longitude 78.40263 78.35316
• Action steps:
 Tilt the antenna direction.
 Increase the signal Level.
 Place the new tower.

17. • Optimization is a process that never ends.
• You can always try improving the quality of the Network by
making site configuration changes or changing parameters or
try to understand what is happening in the network by
looking into stats.
• Everybody knows that there is a lot that could be done by
means of optimization but it is always hard to start.
• People sometimes get lost in stats, sometimes struggle with
parameters or log files.
CONCLUSION

18. 18
Queries

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THANKYOU