1. Camshaft: Gating and Riser System Design

2. Simulation:
1) Criteria : Material Density
Material Density Parameter:
Material DensityAnalysis:
 Thissimulationconsidersfactorssuchas,contractionof the casting,and resultingflowof liquid
feedmetal duringsolidification.
 Areasthat have metal removeddue tofeedingliquidmetal tootherareasof the casting will
showup as havinglowerMaterial Densitynumbers.Thishelpsincalculatingpotential shrinkage.
 Potential Shrinkage canbe seeninthe reddish color,inthe sprue andin riser.

3. 2) Criteria: Critical Fraction Solid:
CFS Scale:

4. CFS @ Time = 60% ofTotal
Analysis:
 The areas which appearas isolatedpoolsof moltenmetalwillnotbe able toreceive feed metal
fromthe risersif anycontractionshouldoccur duringcoolingandsolidification.
 Here,these areasare in risersandin sprue,indicatingthatRisersare functioningproperly.

5. 3) Criteria: Temperature–XY Plane
 Sprue and CastingXY view
 Temperature XYPlane:Lobe Profile:

6.  Temperature of entire Casting:
Temperature Scale:
Analysis:
 Thiscriteriashowsthat,how temperature snapshotof differentcross-sectionareasin
the casting.
 Temperature variationinriserandinlobe isclearlyseen.

7. 4) Criteria: Cooling rate
Lobe:CoolingRate Profile
Scale:Unit: °C perminute

8. Analysis:
 CoolingRate determinesqualityof material.Areasof the castingthatcool
rapidlyhave finergrainstructure,withlessdepositionof partiallysoluble
compoundsat the grain boundaries.
 Here,outside of CamLobe profile will have bettermechanical propertiesthancenterof the
lobe.