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Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
Basic Russian Expressions for Peace Corps Trainees 
in Kazakhstan 
List of tracks: 
Track 1. Brief Introduction to the Russian Language and list of tracks…………… p. 2 
Track 2. Russian Alphabet ………………………………………………………… p. 3 
Track 3a. How to greet and respond to greeting? ………………………………… p. 4 
Track 3b. How to greet and respond to greeting (continued)? …………………….. p. 5 
Track 4. How to ask people about themselves? How to say something about yourself?… p. 8 
Track 5. How to be polite? ………………………………………………………… p. 10 
Track 6. How to agree and disagree? ….……………………………………….. p. 10 
Track 7. What do you say to make people pay attention to your language abilities?… p.10 
Track 8. How to ask questions?…………………………..………………………… p.11 
Track 9. You want to know if this or that thing is available………………………... p.11 
Track 10. Can I / May I?..................................................................................…….. p.12 
Track 11. How to express your wishes? …………………………………………… p.12 
Track 12. How to express likes and food preferences? …………………………….. p.12 
Track 13. How to react to a knock on the door? …………………………………. p.13 
Track 14. How to count? …………………………………………………………. p.13 
The text accompanies the following fifteen (15) audio tracks: 
• 1. KZ_Russian_Lesson_1.mp3 (Time: 3:41) (File Size: 3.38 MB) 
• 2. KZ_Russian_Lesson_2.mp3 (Time: 1:48) (File Size: 1.66 MB) 
• 3. KZ_Russian_Lesson_3a.mp3 (Time: 3:03) (File Size: 2.79 MB) 
• 4. KZ_Russian_Lesson_3b.mp3 (Time: 5:29) (File Size: 5.03 MB) 
• 5. KZ_Russian_Lesson_4.mp3 (Time: 4:37) (File Size: 4.23 MB) 
• 6. KZ_Russian_Lesson_5.mp3 (Time: 1:07) (File Size: 1.02 MB) 
• 7. KZ_Russian_Lesson_6.mp3 (Time: 1:07) (File Size: 1.02 MB) 
• 8. KZ_Russian_Lesson_7.mp3 (Time: 1:05) (File Size: 0.99 MB) 
• 9. KZ_Russian_Lesson_8.mp3 (Time: 1:31) (File Size: 1.39 MB) 
• 10. KZ_Russian_Lesson_9.mp3 (Time: 2:00) (File Size: 1.84 MB) 
• 11. KZ_Russian_Lesson_10.mp3 (Time: 0:54) (File Size: 844 KB) 
• 12. KZ_Russian_Lesson_11.mp3 (Time: 1:11) (File Size: 1.09 MB) 
• 13. KZ_Russian_Lesson_12.mp3 (Time: 0:57) (File Size: 902 KB) 
• 14. KZ_Russian_Lesson_13.mp3 (Time: 0:26) (File Size: 413 KB) 
• 15. KZ_Russian_Lesson_14.mp3 (Time: 4:34) (File Size: 4.19 MB) 
Page 1 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 1. Brief Introduction to the Russian Language: 
Today Russian is still spoken by the overwhelming majority of people in the former Soviet Union. It will be useful to learn a few phrases of courtesy, for example: to express initial greetings, to ask about well-being of others, to introduce oneself etc. 
The Russian language belongs to the Slavic group of the Indo-European language family and is considered one of the most important world languages. Russian was the official state language of the Soviet Union. After the disintegration of the USSR, Russian remains the state language of Russia and it is still the language of about 200 million people, including 16 million in Kazakhstan. Although Kazakh is the state language of Kazakhstan, Russian is the predominant language spoken. 
Russian belongs to the inflectional languages (i.e. languages in which words have endings). A Russian word can have many different forms, and therefore not every word encountered in a text can be found in dictionaries. Russian words that have endings are entered in the dictionaries in a definite form. The definite form for nouns is the Nominative case singular, for adjectives it is the Nominative case singular masculine, and for verbs – the infinitive. Adverbs, prepositions and conjunctions are invariable. 
Characteristic features of the Russian language are: 
• Genders of the nouns and adjectives (masculine, feminine or neuter) 
• Declension of the nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and numerals 
• Conjugation of the verbs 
• Aspect of the verbs 
• Absence of articles 
• Shift of stress 
The Russian alphabet is comprised of 33 letters. 
Stress, in Russian, can fall on any syllable in a word. One word has only one stressed syllable which is longer than others. Usually, the stress is indicated in dictionaries. 
Verbs: there are three tenses: the present, the past, and the future. All verbs also have an aspect – imperfect and perfect. 
Most local people are delighted and flattered by foreigners who attempt to speak their language. Your efforts will be generously rewarded. 
It will be useful to learn a few phrases of courtesy, for example: to express initial greetings, to ask about well-being of others, to introduce oneself etc. 
Page 2 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 2. Russian Alphabet: 
Printed 
Name of Letters 
Approximate English 
sound equivalent 
Examples 
Trans- cription 
English meaning 
1. 
Аа 
ah 
like “a” 
in “bar” 
бар 
[bar] 
bar 
2. 
Бб 
beh 
like “b” 
in “bat” 
босс 
[boss} 
boss 
3. 
Вв 
veh 
like “v” 
in “voice” 
ванúль 
[vaNEE 
vanilla 
4. 
Гг 
geh 
like “g” 
in “grant” 
грант 
[grant] 
grant 
5. 
Дд 
deh 
like “d” 
in “day” 
да 
[dah] 
yes 
6. 
Ее 
yeh 
like “ye” 
in “yes”2 
écли 
[YESli] 
if 
7. 
Ёё 
yo 
like “yo” 
in “yolk” 2 
ёж 
[yosh] 
hedgehog 
8. 
Жж 
zhe 
like “zh” 
in 
журнáл 
[zhoorN 
magazine 
9. 
Зз 
zeh 
like “z” 
in “zone” 
зóна 
[ZOHna 
zone 
10 
Ии 
ee 
like “ee” 
in “meet”1 
мир 
[meer] 
peace 
11. 
Йй 
Short ee 
(ee kratkoe) 
like “y” 
in “boy” 
мой 
[moi] 
my 
12 
Кк 
kah 
like “k” 
in “karate” 
кáша 
[KAHsha 
porridge 
13 
Лл 
əly 
like “l” 
in “look” 
лук 
[look] 
onion 
14 
Мм 
em 
like “m” 
in “mask” 
мáска 
[MASka 
mask 
15 
Нн 
en 
like “n” 
in “not” 1 
нос 
[nos] 
nose 
16 
Оо 
oh 
like “o” 
in “port”1 
порт 
[port] 
port 
17 
Пп 
peh 
like “p” 
in “park” 
парк 
[park] 
park 
18. 
Рр 
ər 
like “r” 
in “rock” 
рот 
[rot] 
mouth 
19 
Сс 
əs 
like “s” 
in “sport” 
спорт 
[sport] 
sport 
20 
Тт 
təh 
like “t” 
in “tie” 
там 
[tam] 
there 
21. 
Уу 
oo 
like“oo” 
in “soon” 
суп 
[soop] 
soup 
22. 
Фф 
əf 
like “f” 
in “five” 
фáнта 
[FANta] 
Fanta 
23 
Хх 
kha 
like “h” 
in “hobby”” 
хóбби 
[HOhbi 
hobby 
24. 
Цц 
tsəh 
like “ts” 
in “cats” 
центр 
[tsentr] 
center 
25 
Чч 
cheh 
like “ch” 
in “chair” 
час 
[chas] 
hour 
26 
Шш 
shah 
like “sh” 
in “shorts” 
шóрты 
[SHORt 
shorts 
27. 
Щщ 
shchyah 
like “shch” 
in “rash choice” 
щи 
[scheeh] 
cabbage soup 
28. 
ъ 
hard sign (tvyordy znak) 
Indicates preceding hardness of consonant, transcription [:]; mark which separates a hard consonant from a soft vowel within a word. 
отъéзд 
[at:YEST] 
departure 
29 
ы 
i [hard} 
like "i" 
in “till” 
ты, вы 
[tyh, 
you 
30 
ь 
soft sign (myakhkii 
Indicates softness of preceding consonant 
мать, 
[maty], 
mother, 
Page 3 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
. 
znak) 
(transcription [y]) 
пальтó 
[palyTOH] 
overcoat 
31 
Ээ 
ə 
like "a" 
in "and" 
это 
[ƏHtah] 
this (is) 
32 
Юю 
yu 
like "yu" 
in "union" 
юмор 
[YOUHm 
humor 
33 
Яя 
ya 
like "ya" 
in "yard' 
я 
[ya] 
I 
8 Track 3a. How to greet and respond to a greeting: 
A. Common greetings are the following: 
ENGLISH RUSSIAN 
Dialogue I. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAh] - Как делá? 
B: - Very well, thanks. [spaSEEbah, Ochiny haraSHOH] - Спасúбо¸ óчень хорошó. 
Dialogue II. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? 
B: - Fine. [haraSHOH / prikRASnah] - Хорошó! /Прекрáсно! 
And you? [A oo VAS] А у Вас? 
A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOH] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. 
Dialogue III. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? 
B. – It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah /A oo VAS] - Нормáльно! А у Вас? 
A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. 
Dialogue IV. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? 
B. - It’s OK, not bad. [nihcnihVOH] - Ничегó. 
Dialogue V. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? 
B. - So-so. [tak siByEH] - Тáк себé! 
A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случúлось? 
B: - I am very tired. [ya OOchiny oosTAhlah] - Я óчень устáла (female). 
Page 4 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
Dialogue VI. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooiti] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooiti] - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? 
B. - So-so. [tak siByE] - Тáк себé! 
A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случúлось? 
B: - I am very tired. [ya OOchiny oosTAL] - Я óчень устáл (male). 
Dialogue VII. 
A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? 
B. - Bad. [PLOha] - Плóхо! 
A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случилось? 
B: - I feel bad. [ya PLOhah siByA CHOOSTvuyu] - Я плóхо себя чýвствую. 
8 Track 3b. How to greet and respond to a greeting: 
B. 
1. Boys and girls of the same age use only the first name when they talk to each other. When they greet each other they use [ZDRASTvui]. 
Dialogue 
A: - Hello, Dimitri! [ZDRASTvooi Dimitri] - Здрáвствуй, Димúтрий! 
B: - Hello, Lena! [ZDRASTvooi LyEHna] - Здрáвствуй, Лéна! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? 
B: – It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! А у тебя? 
A: – It’s OK. [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! 
2. When a young person greets a group of boys and girls or an adult s/he uses the word [ZDRASTvuitih]. 
3. If you are addressing a person older than you or any adults, then use that person’s first name and patronymic. Remember that a foreigner addressing a local person for the first time should use this form, unless greeting a young child. Locals do not use patronymic when addressing a foreigner, since most foreign first names would form rather strange-sounding patronymics. 
A: - Hello, Dimitri Dimitrievich! [ZDRASTvooitih diMEETriivich] 
- Здрáвствуйте, Димúтрий Димúтриевич! 
B: - Hello, Yelena Mikhailovna! [ZDRASTvooitih yeLyEhna Mikhailovna] 
- Здрáвствуйте, Елéна Михáйловна! 
Page 5 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak VAGshee diLAH] 
- Как Вáши делá? 
B: - Thanks, it’s OK. And you? [spahSEEbah / narMALynah / a OO vas] 
- Спасúбо, нормáльно, а у Вас? 
A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] 
- Спасúбо¸ хорошó. 
4. The greetings that are given below are the same whether you greet adults or children: 
A. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! 
B. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! 
A. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! 
B. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! 
A. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! 
B. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! 
A. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! 
B. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! 
A. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! 
B. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! 
A. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! 
B. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! 
5. But ‘Good night!’ means: ‘Спокóйной нóчи’ [spaKOInai NOchi] 
A: Good night! [spaKOInai NOchi] - Спокóйной нóчи! 
B: Good night! [spaKOInai NOchi] - Спокóйной нóчи! 
Page 6 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
6. До свидáния (literally “Until our meeting”) is used by both adults and children when saying goodbye to one or more person. 
A: - Hello, Dimitri Dimitrievich! [ZDRASTvooitih Dimitri diMEETriivich] 
- Здрáвствуй, Димúтрий Димúтриевич! 
B: - Hello, Yelena Mikhailovna! [ZDRASTvooitih yeLyEhna Mokhailovna] 
- Здрáвствуйте, Елéна Михáйловна! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak VAGshee diLAH] 
- Как Вáши делá? 2x 
B: - Thanks, it’s OK. And you? [spahSEEbah / narMALynah / a OO vas] 
- Спасúбо, нормáльно, а у Вас? 
A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] 
- Спасúбо¸ хорошó. 
B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] 
- До свидáния. 
A: - Good bye. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] 
- Всегó хорóшего. 
Note: “Всегó хорóшего” [fsihVOH haROshihvah] and “До свидáния” [dasvihDAHniya] are used more or less interchangeably in saying “Good bye.” 
a. 
A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
B: - Good bye./ All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
b. 
A: - Good bye./ All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
c. 
A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
d. 
A: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
B: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
e. 
A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
B: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
f. 
A: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. 
B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. 
Page 7 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
7. And more: 
See you (informal). [ooVEEdimsya] Увúдимся! 
See you (informal). [dasKOrava / paKA] Дo скóрого! 
See you later. [dafstRYEchih] Дo встрéчи! 
See you later. [daSKOrai fstRYEchih] Дo скóрой встрéчи! 
See you tomorrow. [daZAFTrah] До зáвтра! 
8. There two more forms, such as Hi ‘Привéт!’ [priVyET] and Bye ‘Пока!’ [pahKAH] 
A: - Hi, Dimitri! [priVyET Dimitri] - Привéт, Димúтрий! 
B: - Hi, Lena! [priVyET LyEHna] - Привéт, Лéна! 
A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? 
B: - It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! А у тебя? 
A: - It’s OK. [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! 
B: - Bye. [pahKAH] - Пока! 
A: - Bye. [pahKAH] - Пока! 
These forms are used only among very good acquaintances. A young person would never use these forms in speaking to an adult. If you want to avoid mistakes in greeting people or saying goodbye, use the forms that are acceptable in polite and formal relationships: [ZDRASTvuitih] and [dasvihDAHniya]. 
8 Track 4. How to ask people about themselves / 
How to say something about yourself: 
A. How to ask people about themselves? 
1. You already know that adults and children are addressed in different ways. You must also ask adults and children for their names differently. A child or a teenager is asked 
Как тебя зовýт? [kak tihBYA zaVOOT?] which means “What is your name?” 
2. But an adults hears: Как Вас зовýт? [kak vas zaVOOT = kak vazzaVOOT] “What is your name?” 
3. When you ask [kak tihBYA zaVOOT], local children usually give a first name. 
When you ask adults [kak vas zaVOOT], they will give a first name and patronymic. 
4. To learn the last name requires a second question: “Как твоя фамúлия?» [kak tvahYA fahMEElihya] (for children) or «Как Вáша фамилия» [kak VAHshah fahMEElihya] (for adults). 
Page 8 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
5. 
What is your name? (polite, formal) [kak vaz zaVOOT] Как Вас зовýт? 
What is your name? (child, buddy) [kak tihBYA zaVOOT] Как тебя зовýт? 
How old are you? (polite, formal) [SKOLyka vam lyet] Скóлько Вам лет? 
How old are you? (child, buddy) [SKOLyka tiByE lyet] Скóлько тебé лет? 
What do you do? [Kto vy papraFyEsii] Кто Вы по профéссии? 
B. How to say something about yourself? 
My name is... [miNyA zaVOOT] Меня зовýт ... . 
I’m 25 years old. [mnye DVAtsaty pyaty lyet] Мне 25 лет. 
(- see special chapter for numbers) 
I’m an American (for a man). [YA amiriKAnits] Я америкáнец. 
I’m an American (for a woman). [YA amiriKANka] Я америкáнка. 
I’m from America. [YA izaMyEriki]. Я из Амéрики. 
I’m a Peace Corps Volunteer. [YA valanTyOR KORpoosa MEErah] 
Я волонтёр Кóрпуса Мúра. 
I’m a teacher of English. [YA ooCHEEtily angLIIskahvah izyKAH] 
Я учúтель англúйского языкá 
C. How to ask people about themselves? How to say something about yourself? 
A: - What is your name? (polite, formal) [kak vaz zaVOOT] - Как Вас зовýт? 
B: - My name is ... [miNyA zaVOOT __] - Меня зовýт ... . 
A: - How old are you? (polite, formal) [SKOLyka vam lyet] - Скóлько Вам лет? 
B: - I'm 25 years old. [mnye DVAtsaty pyaty lyet] - Мне 25 лет. 
A: - Where are you from? [atKOOdah vy] - Откýда Вы? 
B: - I’m from America. [ya izaMyErikih]. - Я из Амéрики. 
A: - What are you doing? [chyem vy zaniMAHitisy] - Чем Вы занимáетесь? 
B: - I’m Peace Corps Volunteer. [YA valanTyOR KORpoosa MEErah] 
- Я волонтёр Кóрпуса Мúра. 
A: - What do you do? [kto vy papraFyEsii] - Кто Вы по профéссии? 
B: - I’m a teacher of English. [YA ooCHEEtily angLIIskahvah izyKAH] - Я учúтель англúйского языкá. 
Page 9 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 5. How to be polite: 
Thank you. [spahSEEHbah] Спасúбо!. 
You are welcome. [pahZHAloosta] Пожáлуйста! 
Thank you very much. [balySHOye spahSEEHbah] Большóе спасúбо! 
That’s all right. [NyEHzashtah] Нé за что! 
Excuse me. / Sorry. [prasTEEtih / izvihNEEtih] Простúте./Извинúте. 
Yes. [dah] Да. 
No. [nyet] Нет. 
Please. [pahZHAHloostah] Пожáлуйста. 
Good. [hahrahSHOH] Хорошó! 
8 Track 6. How to agree and disagree: 
Yes. [dha] Да. 
No. [NyET] Нет. 
I (don’t) agree (for a man). [YA nisagLAsin] Я (не) соглáсен. 
I don’t agree (for a woman). [YA nisagLASna] Я (не) соглáсна. 
You are right. [vy PRAvy] Вы прáвы. 
You are wrong. [vy niPRAvy] Вы не прáвы. 
That is true. [əta PRAVda] Это прáвда. 
That is not true. [əta niPRAVda] Это непрáвда. 
8 Track 7. What do you say to make people pay attention 
to your language abilities? 
Do you speak English? [vy gavaREEti paangLISki] Вы говорúте по-англúйски? 
I don’t speak Russian. [ya nigavaRyU paROOSki] Я не говорю по-рýсски. 
I don’t speak Russian well. [ya PLOha gavaRyU paROOSki] Я плóхо говорю по-рýсски. 
Do you understand? (polite, plural) [vy paniMAitih] Вы понимáете? 
Do you understand? (child, buddy) [ty paniMAish] Ты понимáешь? 
I’m sorry. I don’t understand. [izviNEEtih, ya nipaniMAyu] Извинúте. Я не понимáю. 
I’m a foreigner (for a man). [ya inastRAnits] Я инострáнец. 
I’m a foreigner (for a woman). [ya inastRAnka] Я инострáнка. 
Page 10 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 8. How to ask question: 
Can you please tell me... [skaZHIti paZHAloosta] Скажúте, пожáлуйста, … 
Where is (are) ... ? [gdye] Где? 
Where is a bathroom? [gdye tooaLyET] Где туалéт? 
Where (to) ... ? [kooDA] Кудá? 
Who? [kto] Кто? 
Who’s that? [kto Ətah] Ктó это? 
What? [shto] Что? 
What’s that? [shto Ətah] Чтó это? 
What does that mean? [shto Əta ZNAHchit] Что это знáчит? 
When? [kagDA] Когдá? 
How? [kak] Как? 
Why? [pachiMOO] Почемý? 
How much? / How many? [SKOLyka] Скóлько? 
How much is it? [SKOLyka Əta STOit] Скóлько это стóит? 
How much is it? [paCHOM] Почём? 
8 Track 9. You want to know if this or that thing is available: 
A. 
Do you have [OO vas yesty…] у Вас есть … 
 an iron? [ooTyUk] утюг 
detergent? [stiRALyny paraSHOK] стирáльный порошóк a washing machine? [stiRALynaya maSHEEHnah] стирáльная машúна 
a lint brush? [SCHyOTkah dlya aDyEZHdy] щётка для одéжды 
a needle? [iGOLkah] игóлка a thread? [NEETkih] нúтки 
scissors? [NOZHnitsy] нóжницы 
hot water? [gahRyAchiya vahDAH] горячая водá 
B. 
Where can I … [gdye MOZHnah] Где мóжно … 
do laundry? [pastiRATy] постирáть? 
iron? [pagLAdity] поглáдить? 
take a shower? [prihNyATydoosh] принять душ? 
wash myself [pahMYtsa] помыться? 
Can I use your phone? [MOZHnah pazvaNEETy'] Мóжно позвонúть? 
Page 11 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 10. Can I / May I? 
If you want to request/ask something or offer your assistance to someone, you can simply say: 
Can I / May I? [MOZHna] Мóжно? 
The rest of the idea can be expressed by your eyes, your hands, or your actions. 
I can. [ya maGOO] Я могý. 
I can’t. [ya nimaGOO] Я не могý. 
Can you tell me... [skaZHEEtih paZHAloosta] Скажúте, пожáлуйста… 
Can you help me... [pamaGEEti mnye paZHAloosta] Помогúте мне, пожáлуйста! 
You can’t. [nilyZyA] Нельзя! 
8 Track 11. How to express your wishes: 
I want ... . [ya haCHOO] Я хочý... 
I want to sleep. [ya haCHOO spaty] Я хочý спать. 
I don’t want. [ya nihaCHOO] Я не хочý… 
I’m hungry. [ya haCHOO yesty] Я хочý есть. 
I’m not hungry. [ya nihaCHOO yesty] Я не хочý есть. 
I’m thirsty. [ya haCHOO peety] Я хочý пить. 
I’m not thirsty. [ya nihaCHOO peety] Я не хочý пить. 
I’m tired (for a man). [ya oosTAL] Я устáл. 
I’m tired (for a woman). [ya oosTAla] Я устáла. 
It’s important. [Əta VAZHnah] Это вáжно. 
It’s urgent. [Əta SROCHnah] Это срóчно. 
8 Track 12. How to express likes and food preferences: 
It is very tasty. [Ochiny FKOOSnah] óчень вкýсно. 
I don’t eat meat. [ya niYEM MyAHsah] Я не ем мясо. 
I don’t eat fat. [ya niYEM ZHEERnava] Я не ем жúрного. 
I don’t eat eggs. [ya niYEM YAItsah] Я не ем яйца. 
I don’t drink (alcohol). [ya niPyYU] Я не пью. 
I don’t drink milk. [ya niPyYU mahlahKOH] Я не пью молокó. 
I’m a vegetarian. [ya vigitariAHnits] Я вегетариáнец (male). 
I’m a vegetarian. [ya vigitariANkah] Я вегетариáнка (female). 
Page 12 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
8 Track 13. How to react to a knock on the door: 
Who is that? [kto tam] Кто там? 
Wait a minute please. [padazhDEEtih miNOOtoo] Подождúте минýту, пожáлуйста. 
I'm coming. [YA siCHAs] Я сейчáс. 
Come in. [vaiDEEti] Войдúте. 
8 Track 14. How to count: 
One through thirty 
1 
[aDEEN] 
одúн 
11 
[aDEEnatsaty] 
одúннадцать 
21 
[DVAtsaty aDEEN] 
двáдцать одúн 
2 
[dvah] 
два 
12 
[dviNAtsaty] 
двенáдцать 
22 
[DVAtsaty dva] 
двáдцать два 
3 
[tree] 
три 
13 
[triNAtsaty] 
тринáдцать 
23 
[DVAtsaty tree] 
двáдцать три 
4 
[chihTYrih] 
четыре 
14 
[chiTYRnatsaty] 
четырнадцать 
24 
[DVAtsaty chihTYrih] 
двáдцать четыре 
5 
[pyaty] 
пять 
15 
[pitNAtsaty] 
пятнáдцать 
25 
[DVAtsaty pyaty] 
двáдцать пять 
6 
[shyesty] 
шесть 
16 
[shisNAtsaty] 
шестнáдцать 
26 
[DVAtsaty shyesty] 
двáдцать шесть 
7 
[syemy] 
семь 
17 
[simNAtsaty] 
семнáдцать 
27 
[DVAtsaty syemy] 
двáдцать семь 
8 
[VOHsimy] 
вóсемь 
18 
[vasimNAtsaty] 
восемнáдцать 
28 
[DVAtsaty VOsimy] 
двáдцать вóсемь 
9 
[DyEvity] 
дéвять 
19 
[divitNAtsaty] 
девятнáдцать 
29 
[DVAtsaty DyEvity] 
двáдцать дéвять 
10 
[DyEsity] 
дéсять 
20 
[DVAtsaty] 
двáдцать 
30 
[TREEtsaty] 
трúдцать 
Tens, hundreds and thousands 
10 
[DyEsity] 
дéсять 
100 
[sto] 
сто 
1000 
[TYschah] 
тысяча 
20 
[DVAtsaty] 
двáдцать 
200 
[DVyEStih] 
двести 
2000 
[dvye TYschih] 
две тысячи 
30 
[TREEtsaty] 
трúдцать 
300 
[TREEStah] 
триста 
3000 
[tree TYschih] 
три тысячи 
40 
[SOrak] 
сóрок 
400 
[chihTYristah] 
четыреста 
4000 
[chihTYrih TYschih] 
четыре тысячи 
50 
[pihdihSyAT] 
пятьдесят 
500 
[piTySOT] 
пятьсóт 
5000 
[pyaty tysch] 
пять тысяч Page 13 of 14
Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 
60 
[shizdihSyAT] 
шестьдесят 
600 
[shiSOT] 
шестьсóт 
6000 
[shyesty tysch] 
шесть тысяч 
70 
[SyEMydisyat] 
сéмьдесят 
700 
[simySOT] 
семьсóт 
7000 
[syemy tysch] 
семь тысяч 
80 
[VOsimydisyat] 
вóсемьдесят 
800 
[vasimySOT] 
восемьсóт 
8000 
[Vosimy tysch] 
вóсемь тысяч 
90 
[diviNOSta] 
девянóсто 
900 
[diviTSOT] 
девятьсóт 
9000 
[DyEvity tysch] 
дéвять тысяч 
100 
[sto] 
сто 
1000 
[TYscha] 
тысяча 
10000 
[DyEsity tysch] 
дéсять тысяч 
Page 14 of 14

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Basic Russian Language Course

  • 1. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 Basic Russian Expressions for Peace Corps Trainees in Kazakhstan List of tracks: Track 1. Brief Introduction to the Russian Language and list of tracks…………… p. 2 Track 2. Russian Alphabet ………………………………………………………… p. 3 Track 3a. How to greet and respond to greeting? ………………………………… p. 4 Track 3b. How to greet and respond to greeting (continued)? …………………….. p. 5 Track 4. How to ask people about themselves? How to say something about yourself?… p. 8 Track 5. How to be polite? ………………………………………………………… p. 10 Track 6. How to agree and disagree? ….……………………………………….. p. 10 Track 7. What do you say to make people pay attention to your language abilities?… p.10 Track 8. How to ask questions?…………………………..………………………… p.11 Track 9. You want to know if this or that thing is available………………………... p.11 Track 10. Can I / May I?..................................................................................…….. p.12 Track 11. How to express your wishes? …………………………………………… p.12 Track 12. How to express likes and food preferences? …………………………….. p.12 Track 13. How to react to a knock on the door? …………………………………. p.13 Track 14. How to count? …………………………………………………………. p.13 The text accompanies the following fifteen (15) audio tracks: • 1. KZ_Russian_Lesson_1.mp3 (Time: 3:41) (File Size: 3.38 MB) • 2. KZ_Russian_Lesson_2.mp3 (Time: 1:48) (File Size: 1.66 MB) • 3. KZ_Russian_Lesson_3a.mp3 (Time: 3:03) (File Size: 2.79 MB) • 4. KZ_Russian_Lesson_3b.mp3 (Time: 5:29) (File Size: 5.03 MB) • 5. KZ_Russian_Lesson_4.mp3 (Time: 4:37) (File Size: 4.23 MB) • 6. KZ_Russian_Lesson_5.mp3 (Time: 1:07) (File Size: 1.02 MB) • 7. KZ_Russian_Lesson_6.mp3 (Time: 1:07) (File Size: 1.02 MB) • 8. KZ_Russian_Lesson_7.mp3 (Time: 1:05) (File Size: 0.99 MB) • 9. KZ_Russian_Lesson_8.mp3 (Time: 1:31) (File Size: 1.39 MB) • 10. KZ_Russian_Lesson_9.mp3 (Time: 2:00) (File Size: 1.84 MB) • 11. KZ_Russian_Lesson_10.mp3 (Time: 0:54) (File Size: 844 KB) • 12. KZ_Russian_Lesson_11.mp3 (Time: 1:11) (File Size: 1.09 MB) • 13. KZ_Russian_Lesson_12.mp3 (Time: 0:57) (File Size: 902 KB) • 14. KZ_Russian_Lesson_13.mp3 (Time: 0:26) (File Size: 413 KB) • 15. KZ_Russian_Lesson_14.mp3 (Time: 4:34) (File Size: 4.19 MB) Page 1 of 14
  • 2. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 1. Brief Introduction to the Russian Language: Today Russian is still spoken by the overwhelming majority of people in the former Soviet Union. It will be useful to learn a few phrases of courtesy, for example: to express initial greetings, to ask about well-being of others, to introduce oneself etc. The Russian language belongs to the Slavic group of the Indo-European language family and is considered one of the most important world languages. Russian was the official state language of the Soviet Union. After the disintegration of the USSR, Russian remains the state language of Russia and it is still the language of about 200 million people, including 16 million in Kazakhstan. Although Kazakh is the state language of Kazakhstan, Russian is the predominant language spoken. Russian belongs to the inflectional languages (i.e. languages in which words have endings). A Russian word can have many different forms, and therefore not every word encountered in a text can be found in dictionaries. Russian words that have endings are entered in the dictionaries in a definite form. The definite form for nouns is the Nominative case singular, for adjectives it is the Nominative case singular masculine, and for verbs – the infinitive. Adverbs, prepositions and conjunctions are invariable. Characteristic features of the Russian language are: • Genders of the nouns and adjectives (masculine, feminine or neuter) • Declension of the nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and numerals • Conjugation of the verbs • Aspect of the verbs • Absence of articles • Shift of stress The Russian alphabet is comprised of 33 letters. Stress, in Russian, can fall on any syllable in a word. One word has only one stressed syllable which is longer than others. Usually, the stress is indicated in dictionaries. Verbs: there are three tenses: the present, the past, and the future. All verbs also have an aspect – imperfect and perfect. Most local people are delighted and flattered by foreigners who attempt to speak their language. Your efforts will be generously rewarded. It will be useful to learn a few phrases of courtesy, for example: to express initial greetings, to ask about well-being of others, to introduce oneself etc. Page 2 of 14
  • 3. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 2. Russian Alphabet: Printed Name of Letters Approximate English sound equivalent Examples Trans- cription English meaning 1. Аа ah like “a” in “bar” бар [bar] bar 2. Бб beh like “b” in “bat” босс [boss} boss 3. Вв veh like “v” in “voice” ванúль [vaNEE vanilla 4. Гг geh like “g” in “grant” грант [grant] grant 5. Дд deh like “d” in “day” да [dah] yes 6. Ее yeh like “ye” in “yes”2 écли [YESli] if 7. Ёё yo like “yo” in “yolk” 2 ёж [yosh] hedgehog 8. Жж zhe like “zh” in журнáл [zhoorN magazine 9. Зз zeh like “z” in “zone” зóна [ZOHna zone 10 Ии ee like “ee” in “meet”1 мир [meer] peace 11. Йй Short ee (ee kratkoe) like “y” in “boy” мой [moi] my 12 Кк kah like “k” in “karate” кáша [KAHsha porridge 13 Лл əly like “l” in “look” лук [look] onion 14 Мм em like “m” in “mask” мáска [MASka mask 15 Нн en like “n” in “not” 1 нос [nos] nose 16 Оо oh like “o” in “port”1 порт [port] port 17 Пп peh like “p” in “park” парк [park] park 18. Рр ər like “r” in “rock” рот [rot] mouth 19 Сс əs like “s” in “sport” спорт [sport] sport 20 Тт təh like “t” in “tie” там [tam] there 21. Уу oo like“oo” in “soon” суп [soop] soup 22. Фф əf like “f” in “five” фáнта [FANta] Fanta 23 Хх kha like “h” in “hobby”” хóбби [HOhbi hobby 24. Цц tsəh like “ts” in “cats” центр [tsentr] center 25 Чч cheh like “ch” in “chair” час [chas] hour 26 Шш shah like “sh” in “shorts” шóрты [SHORt shorts 27. Щщ shchyah like “shch” in “rash choice” щи [scheeh] cabbage soup 28. ъ hard sign (tvyordy znak) Indicates preceding hardness of consonant, transcription [:]; mark which separates a hard consonant from a soft vowel within a word. отъéзд [at:YEST] departure 29 ы i [hard} like "i" in “till” ты, вы [tyh, you 30 ь soft sign (myakhkii Indicates softness of preceding consonant мать, [maty], mother, Page 3 of 14
  • 4. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 . znak) (transcription [y]) пальтó [palyTOH] overcoat 31 Ээ ə like "a" in "and" это [ƏHtah] this (is) 32 Юю yu like "yu" in "union" юмор [YOUHm humor 33 Яя ya like "ya" in "yard' я [ya] I 8 Track 3a. How to greet and respond to a greeting: A. Common greetings are the following: ENGLISH RUSSIAN Dialogue I. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAh] - Как делá? B: - Very well, thanks. [spaSEEbah, Ochiny haraSHOH] - Спасúбо¸ óчень хорошó. Dialogue II. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? B: - Fine. [haraSHOH / prikRASnah] - Хорошó! /Прекрáсно! And you? [A oo VAS] А у Вас? A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOH] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. Dialogue III. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? B. – It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah /A oo VAS] - Нормáльно! А у Вас? A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. Dialogue IV. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? B. - It’s OK, not bad. [nihcnihVOH] - Ничегó. Dialogue V. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? B. - So-so. [tak siByEH] - Тáк себé! A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случúлось? B: - I am very tired. [ya OOchiny oosTAhlah] - Я óчень устáла (female). Page 4 of 14
  • 5. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 Dialogue VI. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooiti] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooiti] - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? B. - So-so. [tak siByE] - Тáк себé! A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случúлось? B: - I am very tired. [ya OOchiny oosTAL] - Я óчень устáл (male). Dialogue VII. A: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! B: - Hello! [ZDRASTvooitih] - Здрáвствуйте! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak dihLAH] - Как делá? B. - Bad. [PLOha] - Плóхо! A: - What happened? [shto slooCHEElasy] - Что случилось? B: - I feel bad. [ya PLOhah siByA CHOOSTvuyu] - Я плóхо себя чýвствую. 8 Track 3b. How to greet and respond to a greeting: B. 1. Boys and girls of the same age use only the first name when they talk to each other. When they greet each other they use [ZDRASTvui]. Dialogue A: - Hello, Dimitri! [ZDRASTvooi Dimitri] - Здрáвствуй, Димúтрий! B: - Hello, Lena! [ZDRASTvooi LyEHna] - Здрáвствуй, Лéна! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? B: – It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! А у тебя? A: – It’s OK. [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! 2. When a young person greets a group of boys and girls or an adult s/he uses the word [ZDRASTvuitih]. 3. If you are addressing a person older than you or any adults, then use that person’s first name and patronymic. Remember that a foreigner addressing a local person for the first time should use this form, unless greeting a young child. Locals do not use patronymic when addressing a foreigner, since most foreign first names would form rather strange-sounding patronymics. A: - Hello, Dimitri Dimitrievich! [ZDRASTvooitih diMEETriivich] - Здрáвствуйте, Димúтрий Димúтриевич! B: - Hello, Yelena Mikhailovna! [ZDRASTvooitih yeLyEhna Mikhailovna] - Здрáвствуйте, Елéна Михáйловна! Page 5 of 14
  • 6. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 A: - How are you (doing)? [kak VAGshee diLAH] - Как Вáши делá? B: - Thanks, it’s OK. And you? [spahSEEbah / narMALynah / a OO vas] - Спасúбо, нормáльно, а у Вас? A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. 4. The greetings that are given below are the same whether you greet adults or children: A. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! B. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! A. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! B. - Good morning! [DOBraye OOTra] - Дóброе ýтро! A. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! B. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! A. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! B. - Good afternoon! [DOBry dyeny] - Дóбрый день! A. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! B. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! A. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! B. - Good evening! [DOBry VyEchir] - Дóбрый вéчер! 5. But ‘Good night!’ means: ‘Спокóйной нóчи’ [spaKOInai NOchi] A: Good night! [spaKOInai NOchi] - Спокóйной нóчи! B: Good night! [spaKOInai NOchi] - Спокóйной нóчи! Page 6 of 14
  • 7. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 6. До свидáния (literally “Until our meeting”) is used by both adults and children when saying goodbye to one or more person. A: - Hello, Dimitri Dimitrievich! [ZDRASTvooitih Dimitri diMEETriivich] - Здрáвствуй, Димúтрий Димúтриевич! B: - Hello, Yelena Mikhailovna! [ZDRASTvooitih yeLyEhna Mokhailovna] - Здрáвствуйте, Елéна Михáйловна! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak VAGshee diLAH] - Как Вáши делá? 2x B: - Thanks, it’s OK. And you? [spahSEEbah / narMALynah / a OO vas] - Спасúбо, нормáльно, а у Вас? A: - Well, thanks. [spahSEEbah, haraSHOh] - Спасúбо¸ хорошó. B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. A: - Good bye. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. Note: “Всегó хорóшего” [fsihVOH haROshihvah] and “До свидáния” [dasvihDAHniya] are used more or less interchangeably in saying “Good bye.” a. A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. B: - Good bye./ All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. b. A: - Good bye./ All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. c. A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. d. A: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. B: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. e. A: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. B: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. f. A: - Good bye. /All the best. [fsihVOH haROshihvah] - Всегó хорóшего. B: - Good bye. [dasvihDAHniya] - До свидáния. Page 7 of 14
  • 8. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 7. And more: See you (informal). [ooVEEdimsya] Увúдимся! See you (informal). [dasKOrava / paKA] Дo скóрого! See you later. [dafstRYEchih] Дo встрéчи! See you later. [daSKOrai fstRYEchih] Дo скóрой встрéчи! See you tomorrow. [daZAFTrah] До зáвтра! 8. There two more forms, such as Hi ‘Привéт!’ [priVyET] and Bye ‘Пока!’ [pahKAH] A: - Hi, Dimitri! [priVyET Dimitri] - Привéт, Димúтрий! B: - Hi, Lena! [priVyET LyEHna] - Привéт, Лéна! A: - How are you (doing)? [kak diLAH] - Как делá? B: - It’s OK. And you? [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! А у тебя? A: - It’s OK. [narMALynah / a OO tihBYA] - Нормáльно! B: - Bye. [pahKAH] - Пока! A: - Bye. [pahKAH] - Пока! These forms are used only among very good acquaintances. A young person would never use these forms in speaking to an adult. If you want to avoid mistakes in greeting people or saying goodbye, use the forms that are acceptable in polite and formal relationships: [ZDRASTvuitih] and [dasvihDAHniya]. 8 Track 4. How to ask people about themselves / How to say something about yourself: A. How to ask people about themselves? 1. You already know that adults and children are addressed in different ways. You must also ask adults and children for their names differently. A child or a teenager is asked Как тебя зовýт? [kak tihBYA zaVOOT?] which means “What is your name?” 2. But an adults hears: Как Вас зовýт? [kak vas zaVOOT = kak vazzaVOOT] “What is your name?” 3. When you ask [kak tihBYA zaVOOT], local children usually give a first name. When you ask adults [kak vas zaVOOT], they will give a first name and patronymic. 4. To learn the last name requires a second question: “Как твоя фамúлия?» [kak tvahYA fahMEElihya] (for children) or «Как Вáша фамилия» [kak VAHshah fahMEElihya] (for adults). Page 8 of 14
  • 9. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 5. What is your name? (polite, formal) [kak vaz zaVOOT] Как Вас зовýт? What is your name? (child, buddy) [kak tihBYA zaVOOT] Как тебя зовýт? How old are you? (polite, formal) [SKOLyka vam lyet] Скóлько Вам лет? How old are you? (child, buddy) [SKOLyka tiByE lyet] Скóлько тебé лет? What do you do? [Kto vy papraFyEsii] Кто Вы по профéссии? B. How to say something about yourself? My name is... [miNyA zaVOOT] Меня зовýт ... . I’m 25 years old. [mnye DVAtsaty pyaty lyet] Мне 25 лет. (- see special chapter for numbers) I’m an American (for a man). [YA amiriKAnits] Я америкáнец. I’m an American (for a woman). [YA amiriKANka] Я америкáнка. I’m from America. [YA izaMyEriki]. Я из Амéрики. I’m a Peace Corps Volunteer. [YA valanTyOR KORpoosa MEErah] Я волонтёр Кóрпуса Мúра. I’m a teacher of English. [YA ooCHEEtily angLIIskahvah izyKAH] Я учúтель англúйского языкá C. How to ask people about themselves? How to say something about yourself? A: - What is your name? (polite, formal) [kak vaz zaVOOT] - Как Вас зовýт? B: - My name is ... [miNyA zaVOOT __] - Меня зовýт ... . A: - How old are you? (polite, formal) [SKOLyka vam lyet] - Скóлько Вам лет? B: - I'm 25 years old. [mnye DVAtsaty pyaty lyet] - Мне 25 лет. A: - Where are you from? [atKOOdah vy] - Откýда Вы? B: - I’m from America. [ya izaMyErikih]. - Я из Амéрики. A: - What are you doing? [chyem vy zaniMAHitisy] - Чем Вы занимáетесь? B: - I’m Peace Corps Volunteer. [YA valanTyOR KORpoosa MEErah] - Я волонтёр Кóрпуса Мúра. A: - What do you do? [kto vy papraFyEsii] - Кто Вы по профéссии? B: - I’m a teacher of English. [YA ooCHEEtily angLIIskahvah izyKAH] - Я учúтель англúйского языкá. Page 9 of 14
  • 10. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 5. How to be polite: Thank you. [spahSEEHbah] Спасúбо!. You are welcome. [pahZHAloosta] Пожáлуйста! Thank you very much. [balySHOye spahSEEHbah] Большóе спасúбо! That’s all right. [NyEHzashtah] Нé за что! Excuse me. / Sorry. [prasTEEtih / izvihNEEtih] Простúте./Извинúте. Yes. [dah] Да. No. [nyet] Нет. Please. [pahZHAHloostah] Пожáлуйста. Good. [hahrahSHOH] Хорошó! 8 Track 6. How to agree and disagree: Yes. [dha] Да. No. [NyET] Нет. I (don’t) agree (for a man). [YA nisagLAsin] Я (не) соглáсен. I don’t agree (for a woman). [YA nisagLASna] Я (не) соглáсна. You are right. [vy PRAvy] Вы прáвы. You are wrong. [vy niPRAvy] Вы не прáвы. That is true. [əta PRAVda] Это прáвда. That is not true. [əta niPRAVda] Это непрáвда. 8 Track 7. What do you say to make people pay attention to your language abilities? Do you speak English? [vy gavaREEti paangLISki] Вы говорúте по-англúйски? I don’t speak Russian. [ya nigavaRyU paROOSki] Я не говорю по-рýсски. I don’t speak Russian well. [ya PLOha gavaRyU paROOSki] Я плóхо говорю по-рýсски. Do you understand? (polite, plural) [vy paniMAitih] Вы понимáете? Do you understand? (child, buddy) [ty paniMAish] Ты понимáешь? I’m sorry. I don’t understand. [izviNEEtih, ya nipaniMAyu] Извинúте. Я не понимáю. I’m a foreigner (for a man). [ya inastRAnits] Я инострáнец. I’m a foreigner (for a woman). [ya inastRAnka] Я инострáнка. Page 10 of 14
  • 11. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 8. How to ask question: Can you please tell me... [skaZHIti paZHAloosta] Скажúте, пожáлуйста, … Where is (are) ... ? [gdye] Где? Where is a bathroom? [gdye tooaLyET] Где туалéт? Where (to) ... ? [kooDA] Кудá? Who? [kto] Кто? Who’s that? [kto Ətah] Ктó это? What? [shto] Что? What’s that? [shto Ətah] Чтó это? What does that mean? [shto Əta ZNAHchit] Что это знáчит? When? [kagDA] Когдá? How? [kak] Как? Why? [pachiMOO] Почемý? How much? / How many? [SKOLyka] Скóлько? How much is it? [SKOLyka Əta STOit] Скóлько это стóит? How much is it? [paCHOM] Почём? 8 Track 9. You want to know if this or that thing is available: A. Do you have [OO vas yesty…] у Вас есть … Â an iron? [ooTyUk] утюг detergent? [stiRALyny paraSHOK] стирáльный порошóк a washing machine? [stiRALynaya maSHEEHnah] стирáльная машúна a lint brush? [SCHyOTkah dlya aDyEZHdy] щётка для одéжды a needle? [iGOLkah] игóлка a thread? [NEETkih] нúтки scissors? [NOZHnitsy] нóжницы hot water? [gahRyAchiya vahDAH] горячая водá B. Where can I … [gdye MOZHnah] Где мóжно … do laundry? [pastiRATy] постирáть? iron? [pagLAdity] поглáдить? take a shower? [prihNyATydoosh] принять душ? wash myself [pahMYtsa] помыться? Can I use your phone? [MOZHnah pazvaNEETy'] Мóжно позвонúть? Page 11 of 14
  • 12. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 10. Can I / May I? If you want to request/ask something or offer your assistance to someone, you can simply say: Can I / May I? [MOZHna] Мóжно? The rest of the idea can be expressed by your eyes, your hands, or your actions. I can. [ya maGOO] Я могý. I can’t. [ya nimaGOO] Я не могý. Can you tell me... [skaZHEEtih paZHAloosta] Скажúте, пожáлуйста… Can you help me... [pamaGEEti mnye paZHAloosta] Помогúте мне, пожáлуйста! You can’t. [nilyZyA] Нельзя! 8 Track 11. How to express your wishes: I want ... . [ya haCHOO] Я хочý... I want to sleep. [ya haCHOO spaty] Я хочý спать. I don’t want. [ya nihaCHOO] Я не хочý… I’m hungry. [ya haCHOO yesty] Я хочý есть. I’m not hungry. [ya nihaCHOO yesty] Я не хочý есть. I’m thirsty. [ya haCHOO peety] Я хочý пить. I’m not thirsty. [ya nihaCHOO peety] Я не хочý пить. I’m tired (for a man). [ya oosTAL] Я устáл. I’m tired (for a woman). [ya oosTAla] Я устáла. It’s important. [Əta VAZHnah] Это вáжно. It’s urgent. [Əta SROCHnah] Это срóчно. 8 Track 12. How to express likes and food preferences: It is very tasty. [Ochiny FKOOSnah] óчень вкýсно. I don’t eat meat. [ya niYEM MyAHsah] Я не ем мясо. I don’t eat fat. [ya niYEM ZHEERnava] Я не ем жúрного. I don’t eat eggs. [ya niYEM YAItsah] Я не ем яйца. I don’t drink (alcohol). [ya niPyYU] Я не пью. I don’t drink milk. [ya niPyYU mahlahKOH] Я не пью молокó. I’m a vegetarian. [ya vigitariAHnits] Я вегетариáнец (male). I’m a vegetarian. [ya vigitariANkah] Я вегетариáнка (female). Page 12 of 14
  • 13. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 8 Track 13. How to react to a knock on the door: Who is that? [kto tam] Кто там? Wait a minute please. [padazhDEEtih miNOOtoo] Подождúте минýту, пожáлуйста. I'm coming. [YA siCHAs] Я сейчáс. Come in. [vaiDEEti] Войдúте. 8 Track 14. How to count: One through thirty 1 [aDEEN] одúн 11 [aDEEnatsaty] одúннадцать 21 [DVAtsaty aDEEN] двáдцать одúн 2 [dvah] два 12 [dviNAtsaty] двенáдцать 22 [DVAtsaty dva] двáдцать два 3 [tree] три 13 [triNAtsaty] тринáдцать 23 [DVAtsaty tree] двáдцать три 4 [chihTYrih] четыре 14 [chiTYRnatsaty] четырнадцать 24 [DVAtsaty chihTYrih] двáдцать четыре 5 [pyaty] пять 15 [pitNAtsaty] пятнáдцать 25 [DVAtsaty pyaty] двáдцать пять 6 [shyesty] шесть 16 [shisNAtsaty] шестнáдцать 26 [DVAtsaty shyesty] двáдцать шесть 7 [syemy] семь 17 [simNAtsaty] семнáдцать 27 [DVAtsaty syemy] двáдцать семь 8 [VOHsimy] вóсемь 18 [vasimNAtsaty] восемнáдцать 28 [DVAtsaty VOsimy] двáдцать вóсемь 9 [DyEvity] дéвять 19 [divitNAtsaty] девятнáдцать 29 [DVAtsaty DyEvity] двáдцать дéвять 10 [DyEsity] дéсять 20 [DVAtsaty] двáдцать 30 [TREEtsaty] трúдцать Tens, hundreds and thousands 10 [DyEsity] дéсять 100 [sto] сто 1000 [TYschah] тысяча 20 [DVAtsaty] двáдцать 200 [DVyEStih] двести 2000 [dvye TYschih] две тысячи 30 [TREEtsaty] трúдцать 300 [TREEStah] триста 3000 [tree TYschih] три тысячи 40 [SOrak] сóрок 400 [chihTYristah] четыреста 4000 [chihTYrih TYschih] четыре тысячи 50 [pihdihSyAT] пятьдесят 500 [piTySOT] пятьсóт 5000 [pyaty tysch] пять тысяч Page 13 of 14
  • 14. Basic Russian Expressions Peace Corps/Kazakhstan, November 2005 60 [shizdihSyAT] шестьдесят 600 [shiSOT] шестьсóт 6000 [shyesty tysch] шесть тысяч 70 [SyEMydisyat] сéмьдесят 700 [simySOT] семьсóт 7000 [syemy tysch] семь тысяч 80 [VOsimydisyat] вóсемьдесят 800 [vasimySOT] восемьсóт 8000 [Vosimy tysch] вóсемь тысяч 90 [diviNOSta] девянóсто 900 [diviTSOT] девятьсóт 9000 [DyEvity tysch] дéвять тысяч 100 [sto] сто 1000 [TYscha] тысяча 10000 [DyEsity tysch] дéсять тысяч Page 14 of 14