This Power point talks about the different unifying themes of life!

1. UNIFYING
THEMES OF LIFE

2. A. Describe how unifying themes in the
study of life show the connections
among living things.
B. Identify how the living things interact
with each other and with their
environment.
C. Appreciate all living things by
understanding there functions in the
environment

3. Activity Title: Are they meant for each other?
Directions: Describe the beneficial interaction of
organism in the environment.
1. Describe the interaction between the butterfly and the
flower?
Guide questions:
A. What is the importance
of the butterflies to the
flowers? How do you
describe their
relationship?

4. B. Do they benefit from each other?
2. Describe the interaction between the plants and the
groups of fish inside the aquarium?
Guide questions:
A. What do plants provide to
the fishes in the aquarium?
How do you describe their
relationship?
B. What do the fishes give to
the plants in the aquarium?

5. C. Describe the interaction between the orchid and a
tree?
Guide questions:
A. What help does a tree give
to the orchids?
B. Is the tree affected by the
presence of the orchid? How
do you describe their
relationship?

6. Ecology
is the branch of biology that deals with
the study of living organisms and their relationships
with each other and their environment.

7. 1. Biological Systems
A system consists of
related parts that interact with
each other to form a whole.
It has different parts, but
each plays a significant role
for the whole to function as
one.
Without the help from each
other, it cannot fully perform
its function.

8. 2. Levels of Organization
• The cells are considered as the basic unit of life. All living organisms
are made up of cells.
•
• When cells come together, they form the tissues.
• A group of tissues that perform the same functions form the organs.
• A group of organs that works together form the different organ
systems.
• An organism consists of many organ systems but functions as one
individual.

9. 3. Forms and Functions
• The function of an organism or a
part of an organism greatly depends
on its form and structure.
• It is related to how it works. An
example of this is the webbed foot
of a duck which helps the duck swim
and search for their food under
water.
• Other birds have different structures
of feet used for perching and
grasping food.

10. 4. Reproduction and Inheritance
• Reproduction ensures the survival of species. All living organisms
reproduce either through asexual or sexual reproduction.
• In asexual reproduction, the offspring inherits the genes from a single
parent.
• However, in sexual reproduction, the offspring inherit the genes from
two individual parents.
• Some examples of animals that undergo asexual reproduction include
earthworms, hydra, planaria, and bacteria.

11. 4. Reproduction and Inheritance

12. 4. Reproduction and Inheritance
• Animals that undergo sexual reproduction include some reptiles,
fishes, insects, and mammals.

13. 4. Reproduction and Inheritance
• Animals that undergo sexual reproduction include some reptiles,
fishes, insects, and mammals.

14. 5. Energy and Life
• Living organisms obtain energy from the food they eat.
• Plants undergo photosynthesis where they convert the
energy from the sun into sugar.
• Since most of the animals cannot produce their own
energy, they get the energy from the consumption and
assimilation of the biomass of plants and other animals.

15. 6. Thermal Regulation
• The ability of an organism to regulate their internal
conditions is called homeostasis.
• Humans must maintain a body
temperature of 37 ∘ C.
• When the temperature outside
our bodies becomes hot, the skin
cools down by perspiration,
maintaining the normal body
temperature.

16. 7. Adaptation and Evolution
• Evolution is the change in the physical and heritable
traits of organisms over successive generations.
• Organisms change over time to acclimate to their
environment to survive.
• If they fail to adapt to the changes, they usually
become extinct.

17. 7. Adaptation and Evolution
• The Baiji white dolphin, for example, became
extinct due to diminished food supply and in addition
to that, the pollution caused by human activities.

18. 7. Adaptation and Evolution
• One contemporary example of adaptation is the Aedes
aegypti or the mosquito famous for carrying dengue that
caused major outbreaks nationwide.
• Their eggs were able to survive with scarce or no rainwater
which is essential to their life cycle.
• Evolution takes time, usually decades.

19. 7. Adaptation and Evolution
• However, there are times when change happens very
rapidly.
• One example is the blue moon butterfly that managed to
undergo a mutation which allows the males to survive
an infection of a parasite.

20. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
1. What is the process by which the sun's energy is trapped
as the source of energy and is converted into chemical
energy?
A.adaptation B. evolution C. photosynthesis D. homeostasis
2. Which of the following refers to the process by which
changes occur in the characteristics of species of organisms
over time?
A. evolution B. homeostasis C. regulation D. metabolism

21. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
3. Which refers to the maintenance of internal conditions of an
organism within a certain range?
A. adaptation B. evolution C. metabolismD. homeostasis
4. Which of the following sequences is likely to be observed in an
elephant, going from smallest to largest?
A. cell, organ, tissue, organism
B. cell, organ, system, tissue
C. organism, system, organ, tissue
D. cell, tissue, system, organism

22. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
5. Which of the following does not follow the principle of form follows
function?
A. The thick and heavy bones of birds allow them to stay longer in
the air.
B. The fins of a fish help it to propel itself through the water.
C. The beaver’s spoon-shaped tail helps them in swimming and is
also used as a defense mechanism.
D. The biconcave shape of red blood cells provides greater surface
area which allow both red blood cells and oxygen to exchange
through the capillaries

23. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
6. Which statement is not true about living organisms?
A. Living things are made up of cells.
B. Living things adapt and evolve to survive.
C. Living things have different parts that depend
on the structure and form for their functions.
D. Living things are made of organic elements
only.

24. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
7. Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis?
A. Sweating cools the body down when temperature rises.
B. Energy is captured by plants to convert light energy into
chemical energy.
C. If there is too much glucose in the blood, insulin converts
some of it to glycogen.
D. Your body shivers when you are hot.

25. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
8. Which is true about the extinction of a species?
A. It can be caused by a natural phenomenon.
B. It is caused by humans only.
C. It is never affected by human activities.
D. It has a progressive impact on biodiversity.

26. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
Statement: Some members of a species have a genetic change
that causes them to survive in their environment. They have
survived to reproduce and pass these genetic changes to their
offspring.
9. What best explains this situation?
A. All living organisms are made up of cells.
B. Living things evolve through time.
C. Living things interact with their environment to survive.
D. Different organisms must maintain different internal
conditions.

27. Evaluation: Activity Notebook
Statement: Over a year, the population of Bengal tigers in India
decreased by half of its original size.
10. Which statement below best explains this change in the
Bengal tiger’s population?
A. presence of rich habitat and sustainability in food sources
B. poaching due to the increasing demand for traditional
Asian medicines
C. gradual change in climate and other environmental factors
D. increase in the number of preys in the area

28. Thank
You