This document discusses IPv6 addressing and how it differs from IPv4 addressing. Some key points: - IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long compared to 32 bits for IPv4, represented by 8 groups of 4 hexadecimal digits separated by colons. - IPv6 address space is huge, with 2^128 possible addresses compared to 2^32 for IPv4. - IPv6 addresses support zero compression where consecutive fields of zeros can be represented by double colon. - Common IPv6 addresses include loopback of ::1, unspecified address of ::, and site-local and link-local addresses have specific prefixes.

1. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 1
IPv6
Addressing

2. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 2
Chapter
Outline
1 - Introduction
2- Differences between IPV4 and IPV6
3- IPv4 Addressing Concepts and Their
IPv6 Equivalents
4-IPv6 Provider-Based Addresses

3. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 3
1 INTRODUCTION
What is the IPv6 address?
An IPv6 address is 128 bits or 16 bytes (8 octets)
long as shown in this figure. The address length in
IPv6 is four times the length address in IPv4.

4. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 4
•IPv4 address:
– 32 Bits (4 Bytes)
– Presented as 4 decimal numbers separated by a dot
– 192.168.1.240
•IPv6 address:
– 128 Bits (16 Bytes)
– Presented as:
o 8 Groups separated by colons ( : )
o Each group represent 4 Hexadecimal digits (i.e. 16 bits)
2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
Differences between IPV4 and IPV6

5. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 5
•IPv6 = IPv4 × 4 ?!!!
– IPv4 addresses = 232 = 4.294967296 × 109
– IPv6 addresses = 2128 = 3.40282367 × 1038 3 IPv6
Address: Simplified
IPv6 Address: Overview
Differences between IPV4 and IPV6

6. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 6
Figure 1 Zero compression

7. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 7
Show the unabbreviated colon hex notation for the following
IPv6 addresses:
a. An address with 64 0s followed by 64 1s.
b. An address with 128 0s.
c. An address with 128 1s.
d. An address with 128 alternative 1s and 0s.
Solution
a. 0000:0000:0000:0000:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
b. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
c. FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
d. AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA
Example 1

8. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 8
The following shows the zero contraction version of addresses
in Example 1 (part c and d cannot be abbreviated)
a. :: FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
b. ::
c. FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
d. AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA:AAAA
Example 2

9. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 9
Show abbreviations for the following addresses:
a. 0000:0000:FFFF:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
b. 1234:2346:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:1111
c. 0000:0001:0000:0000:0000:0000:1200:1000
d. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:FFFF:24.123.12.6
Example 3
Solution
a. 0:0:FFFF::
b. 1234:2346::1111
c. 0:1::1200:1000
d. ::FFFF:24.123.12.6

10. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 10
Decompress the following addresses and show the complete
unabbreviated IPv6 address:
a. 1111::2222
b. ::
c. 0:1::
d. AAAA:A:AA::1234
Solution
a. 1111:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:2222
b. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
c. 0000:0001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
d. AAAA:000A:00AA:0000:0000:0000:0000:1234
Example 4

11. 11
2 ADDRESS SPACE ALLOCATION
• Like the address space of IPv4, the address space
of IPv6 is divided into several blocks of varying size
and each block is allocated for special purpose.
• Most of the blocks are still unassigned and have
been left aside for future use.
• To better understand the allocation and the location
of each block in address space, we first divide the
whole address space into eight equal ranges.
• This division shows where each actual block is
located .

12. 12
IPv4 Addressing Concepts and Their IPv6
Equivalents
IPv4 Address IPv6 Address
Address Length – 32 bits 128 bits
Address Representation - decimal hexadecimal
Internet address classes Not applicable in IPv6
Multicast addresses (224.0.0.0/4) IPv6 multicast addresses (FF00::/8)
Broadcast addresses Not applicable in IPv6
Unspecified address is 0.0.0.0 Unspecified address is ::
Loopback address is 127.0.0.1 Loopback address is ::1
Public IP addresses Global unicast addresses
Private IP addresses (10.0.0.0/8,
172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16)
Site-local addresses (FEC0::/10)
Autoconfigured addresses (169.254.0.0/16) Link-local addresses (FE80::/64)

13. TCP/IP Protocol Suite 13
Figure 3 Loopback address
Loopback:
0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0001
0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 1
:: 1
Unspecified address
0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000: 0000
0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0
::
Google.com
2001:0470:1f08:1160:0000:0000:0000:0002
2001:470:1f08:1160:0:0:0:2
2001:470:1f08:1160::2