This theory proposes a unitary perspective on caring in nursing. It is based on Rogers' science of unitary human beings, Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness, and Watson's theory of transpersonal caring. The theory posits five key concepts: manifesting intentions, appreciating pattern, attuning to dynamic flow, experiencing the infinite, and inviting creative emergence. It views humans as existing in constant relationship with their multidimensional environment/universe. The goals are to affirm human wholeness and potential through a caring process.

1. SELF CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORIES Discussion 2
SELF CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORIES Discussion 2SELF CARE DEFICIT NURSING
THEORIES Discussion 2Caring is the central focus in nursing, as a discipline and profession.
However, caring can be agreed as a multidimensional concept in the framework of practice
and perception. There appears to be a conflicting definition of what is caring really. As such,
the development of a middle range theory was realized as anchored on the unitary-
transformative paradigm. It is important that caring is defined in various context which
should establish a common underpinnings and bases. In the context of this theory, human
beings remains in constant mutual relationship with the environment, which is considered
an extension of the entire Universe, thus, we participate consciously in various orders,
patters, and dynamics as how we perceive it. As such, caring becomes a mutual concept of
the individual to his or her immediate surroundings following an established set of
guidelines and protocols. More so, this theory asserts that caring is also a process which
involves the holistic nature of the human person that helps derive the potentialities and
possibilities ascribes to it. Adding to that, caring is a concept brought about by affirming our
minuscule existence in the entirety of the pan-dimensional Universe.Structural
ComponentsAssumptions of the unitary theory of caring come from Rogers’s science of
unitary human beings (1970, 1994), Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness
(1994, 2008), and Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring (1985, 2005; Watson & Smith,
2002). To fully understand the meaning of the theory, readers will benefit from studying
these sources.ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERS· Human beings
are unitary or irreducible, in mutual process with an environment that is coextensive with
the Universe, participating knowingly in patterning, and ever-evolving through expanding
consciousness (Barrett, 1989; Newman, 1994; Rogers, 1992).· Caring is a quality of
participating knowingly in human–environmental field patterning (M. C. Smith, 1999).·
Caring is the process through which human wholeness is affirmed and that potentiates the
emergence of innovative patterning and possibilities (Cowling et al., 2008, E44).· Caring is a
manifestation and reflection of expanding consciousness potentiating greater meaning,
insight, and transformative ways of relating to self and others (Cowling et al., Smith, &
Watson, 2008).· Caring consciousness is resonating with the pandimensional universe
(Rogers, 1994; Watson, 2005; Watson & Smith, 2002). SELF CARE DEFICIT NURSING
THEORIES Discussion 2Concepts After establishing the theoretical linkages to the unitary-
transformative paradigm, the five concepts of this theory are explicated. The five concepts
were developed from an analysis of literature on caring and similar concepts described by

2. unitary scholars. The theoretical concepts have their underpinnings in each of the
assumptions.· Manifesting intentions is the first concept in the unitary theory of caring; it
was originally defined as creating, holding, and expressing thoughts, feelings, images,
beliefs, desires, will, purpose and actions that affirm possibilities for human health and
healing (Smith, 1999).· Appreciating pattern is the second concept in this theory. It is
apprehending and understanding the mysteries of human wholeness and diversity with
awe.· Attuning to dynamic flow is the third concept in this unitary theory of caring. Attuning
to dynamic flow is sensing of where to place focus and attention in mutual process. It was
originally described as “dancing to the rhythms within continuous mutual process” (M. C.
Smith, 1999, p. 23).· Experiencing the infinite this concept is defined as “pandimensional
awareness of coextensiveness with the universe occurring in the context of human relating”
(M. C. Smith, 1999, p. 24).· Inviting creative emergence it is attending the birth of
innovative, emergent patterning through affirming the potential for change, nurturing the
awareness of possibilities, imagining new directions, and clarifying hopes and dreams.The
following are propositional statements that further clarify concepts of the theory.
Manifesting intention is:•Preparing self to participate knowingly in cocreating an
environment for healing.•Focusing images, thoughts and intentions for health and
healing.•Expressing intentions in actions that support health and healing.Appreciating
pattern is:•Seeing wholeness in perceived fragmentation. •Valuing uniqueness and diversity
of patterning with wonder. •Acknowledging what is without attempting to change or fix.
•Exploring what is meaningful in the moment. •Coming to know by listening to the other’s
story.Attuning to dynamic flow is:•Being truly present in the flow of relating. •Attending to
the subtleties of meaning. •Synchronizing rhythms of self with other. •Trusting intuition in
the mutual process.Experiencing the infinite is:•Acknowledging the sacred in human
relating. •Believing in limitless possibilities. •Igniting hope in despair. •Connecting to a
pandimensional universe.Inviting creative emergence is:•Honoring the unique timing, pace
and direction of change. •Calling attention to possibilities and potentialities hidden from
view. •Inspiring new life to emerge in the moment. •Trusting in the wisdom of knowing
one’s own way.Functional ComponentsThe theory focuses holistic knowing from the unitary
perspective. There exist two main functional components for the unitary caring theory.1.
Human beings.The humans make manifest of the capabilities it can project relative to caring
and establishing this linkage requires a satisfactory level of interaction with one another to
attain the overall goal of nursing and the health care system. 2. Pan-dimensional
environment (Universe) Humans are merely a miniscule partition of the entire Universe.
The perceivable and knowing environment, as we know it, is the extension of the pan-
dimensional UnRelationship between Structure and FunctionAssumptions of the unitary
theory of caring come from Rogers’s science of unitary human beings (1970, 1994),
Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness (1994, 2008), and Watson’s Theory
of Transpersonal Caring (1985, 2005; Watson & Smith, 2002). To fully understand the
meaning of the theory, readers will benefit from studying these sources. Concepts are
explained clearly one by one, are consistent, well contained in the theory and do not
differentiated into sub concepts, a very Complex to other areas packed with great
information and requires vast amount of time. It Gave so many information but the ideas in

3. different parts of the theory does not decrease the clarity. Watson and Smith5 refer to a
unitary caring science that evolves from frameworks fitting within the unitary-
transformative paradigm. They also differentiate between transformation and
transcendence in their description of a caring moment as potentiating a new human-
environmental field pattern arising from a mutual process. They depict
humankindastransformativeinnatureandaunitary caring science that transcends all duality
SELF CARE DEFICIT NURSING THEORIES Discussion 2Diagram of the TheoryConcepts were
developed from an analysis of literature on caring and similar concepts described by
unitary scholars. Watson and Smith5 place the frameworks of both transpersonal caring
science and the science of unitary human beings under the umbrellaofaunitary-
transformativeparadigm reflecting the “universal oneness and connectedness of all.”(p459)
Although they do not refer to wholeness in their explication of a synthesized view, they
refer to the unitary nature of the universe, which is congruent, if not synonymous, with
wholeness. They acknowledge “the unitary, transpersonal, evolving nature of humankind,
both immanent and transcendent with the evolving universe.”(p459) They speak of a
unitary caring science that is deeply relational, transcending duality and invoking the
infinite. In addition, they refer to a type of consciousness—transcending time, space, and
physicality—that is “open and continuous with the evolving unitary consciousness of the
universe.”(p459) The theory is not Visually presented and there was no original diagram for
the theory alone.Circle of ContagiousnessThe concept was developed on the basis of
reviewing the philosophical and theoretical literature on caring in nursing, identifying
meanings from this body of literature, and classifying and naming them within a unitary
perspective. A decade later, it is important to reflect on this anew and begin to develop
theory-practice connections for unitary caring. If we embrace a model of caring from a
unitary perspective, we need to delineate the essential ontological competencies19 that
emerge from it. The term ontological competencies has been used by Watson,26 who refers
to ontological artistry as the creative work in nursing that reflects the sacred acts ofcaring
and healing.The unitary theory of caring developed while studying the literature on caring
in nursing, and then analyzing this literature through the theoretical lens of the science of
unitary human beings. Some hospitals are slowly beginning to adopt caring philosophies.
Certain hospitals such as Saint Anne’s Hospital, have adopted caring theories and applied it
to their hospital practices, and especially in their nursing practice. SELF CARE DEFICIT
NURSING THEORIES Discussion 2