1. SALALE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING
Post Graduate Program
Seminar presentation on human becoming theory
Submitted to : Mr. Bikila T & Mr. Kumera B(MSc, Ass’t Professer)
Submission date: 29/03/2015 EC
December 2022
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3. GROUP ASSIGNMENT
Group Members Department ID No
1.Geremew Arbas Pedi _____
2.Dereje Ayele Adult _____
3.Nigussie Wondimu Adult _____
4.Chaltu Tsehay Pedi _____
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4. Introduction
About the Theorist
Theory Development
Assumption of Human Becoming Theory
Strength and Weaknesses
Application of the Theory
Summary of the Theory
Research on Parses Theory
References
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5. INTRODUCTION
The Parse theory of human becoming guides nurses in
their practice to focus on quality of life as it is described
and lived (Karen & Melnechenko, 1995).
The human becoming theory of nursing presents an
alternative to both the conventional bio-medical approach
and the bio-psycho-social-spiritual (but still normative)
approach of most other theories of nursing.(ICPS)
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6. The human becoming theory posits quality of life from each
person's own perspective as the goal of nursing
practice.(ICPS)
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse first published the theory in 1981 as
the "Man-living-health" theory (ICPS)
The name was officially changed to "the human becoming
theory" in 1992 to remove the term "man," after the change in
the dictionary definition of the word from its former meaning
of "humankind."
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7. Educated at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh
MSN and Ph.D. from University of Pittsburgh
Published her theory of nursing, Man-Living-Health in 1981
Name changed to Theory of Human Becoming in 1992
Current editor and Founder of Nursing Science Quarterly
Has published nine books and hundreds of articles about
Human Becoming Theory
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8. Professor and Niehoff Chair at Loyola University, Chicago from
1993-2006
She has worked as a consultant and visiting scholar at the New York
University College of Nursing 2007
Her award include two Lifetime Achievement Award given from the
Midwest Nursing Research Society & the Asian American Pacific
Islander Nurses Association.
A scholarship was created in her name at the Hederson State
University School of Nursing.
She received the New York Time Nurse Educator of the Year Award
in 2008.
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9. The human becoming theory was developed as a human
science nursing theory in the tradition of Dilthey, Heidegger,
Sartre,Merleau-Ponty, and Gadamer and Science of Unitary
Human Beings by Martha Rogers
The assumptions underpinning the theory were synthesized
from works by the European philosophers, Heidegger, Sartre,
and Merleau-Ponty, along with works by the pioneer American
nurse theorist, Martha Rogers.
The theory is structured around three abiding themes:
meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence
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10. About man
The human is coexisting while co-constituting rhythmical
patterns with the universe.
The human is open, freely choosing meaning in situation,
bearing responsibility for decisions.
The human is unitary, continuously co-constituting patterns of
relating.
The human is transcending multidimensionally with the
possible
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11. About Becoming
Becoming is a rhythmically co constituting human universe
process.
Becoming is unitary human living health
Becoming is the human’s patterns of relating value priorities.
Becoming is an inter subjective process of transcending with
the posibles.
Becoming is unitary human’s emerging
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12. Three Major Assumptions of Human Becoming
1. Meaning
Human Becoming is freely choosing personal meaning in
situations in the intersubjective process of living value
priorities.
Man’s reality is given meaning through lived experiences
Man and environment co-create
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13. 2. Rhythmicity
Human Becoming is co-creating rhythmical patterns of
relating in mutual process with the universe.
Man and environment co-create ( imaging, valuing,
languaging) in rhythmical patterns
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14. 3. Transcendence
Human Becoming is co-transcending multidimensionally with
emerging possibles.
Refers to reaching out and beyond the limits that a person sets
One constantly transforms
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15. Person
◦ Open being who is more than and different from the sum of
the parts
Environment
◦ Everything in the person and his experiences
◦ Inseparable, complimentary to and evolving with
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16. Health
◦ Open process of being and becoming. Involves synthesis of
values
Nursing
o A human science and art that uses an abstract body of
knowledge to serve people
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17. Strengths
Differentiates nursing from other disciplines
Practice - Provides guidelines of care and useful
administration
Useful in Education
Provides research methodologies
Provides framework to guide inquiry of other theories (grief,
hope, laughter, etc.)
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18. Weaknesses
Research considered to be in a “closed circle”
Rarely quantifiable results - Difficult to compare to other
research studies, no control group, standardized questions, etc.
Does not utilized the nursing process/diagnoses
Negates the idea that each person engages in a unique lived
experience
Not accessible to the novice nurse
Not applicable to acute, emergent care
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19. Nursing Practices
A transformative approach to all levels of nursing
Differs from the traditional nursing process, particularly in that
it does not seek to “fix” problems
Ability to see patients perspective allows nurse to “be with”
patient and guide them toward desired health outcomes
Nurse-person relationship cocreates changing health patterns
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20. Research
Enhances understanding of human lived experience, health,
quality of life and quality of nursing practice
Expands the theory of human becoming
Builds new nursing knowledge about universal lived
experiences which may ultimately contribute to health and
quality of life
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21. Critique
Congruence with personal values
◦ Nurse must subscribe to this world view to truly use it
Congruence with other professional values
◦ Complements and competes with other health care
professionals’ values
◦ Exoteric foundations
◦ Esoteric utility
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22. Congruence with social values
◦ Fulfills society’s expectations of nursing role
Social Significance
Makes a substantial difference in the lives of clients and
nurses
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23. Human Becoming Theory includes totality Paradigm
Man is a combination of biological, psychological,
sociological and spiritual factors
Simultaneity Paradigm
Man is a unitary being in continuous, mutual interaction
with environment
Originally Man-Living-Health Theory
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24. 1.Nursing practice in human becoming: the "Parse nurse" in
French Switzerland
2.The lived experience of suffering: a parse research
method study
3.On joy-sorrow: a paradoxical pattern of human becoming
4.Human becoming criticism--a critique of Florczak's study
on the lived experience of sacrificing something important
5.A Human Becoming perspective on quality of life
6.Feeling respected: a Parse method study
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25. 1. Karen L. Melnechenko. Parse's Theory of Human Becoming:
An Alternative Guide to Nursing Practice for Pediatric
Oncology Nurses. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, Vol.
12, No. 3, 122-127 (1995)
2. ICPS-International Consortium of Parse Scholars website
This page was last updated on: 04/12/2020
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Exoteric:formal intended for or likely to be understood by the general public. The opposite of esoteric.
Esoteric:intended for or understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.
