course material

1. Article Critique: Repeated Measures ANOVA(Wk-4-DQ-2)(10-9-18)
Article Critique: Repeated Measures ANOVAThe readings for this week focus on the
concepts of basic ANOVAs, including one-way and repeated measures ANOVA. In this
discussion we will apply those concepts to the review and critique of a research article. For
information on how to critique a research article, see the Coughlan et al. (2007) and UIS
(n.d.) guides listed in the Required Readings for this week.Read the following article. Lee,
M., & Johnson, T. E. (2008). Understanding the effects of team cognition associated with
complex engineering tasks: Dynamics of shared mental models, Task-SMM, and Team-SMM.
Performance Improvement Quarterly, 21 (3), 73-95. doi: 10.1002/piq.20032In the body of
your posting, include an overview of the following topics: Research question – List the
research question for the study. Hypotheses – List the statistical notation and written
explanations for the null and alternative hypotheses for the study. Methods and Study
Design – Describe the basic methods used, including the variables, sampling methods, data
collection, etc. Data Analysis – Summarize the statistical tests conducted, the results
obtained from each test, and conclusions regarding the hypotheses. Critique – Critique the
results of the study, paying specific attention to the appropriateness of the analyses
conducted, any biases or assumptions that were made, practical significance of the results,
and recommendations for improving upon the study (methods or analyses). • Summary –
Provide a brief summary of the study’s findings in 2-3 sentences. Do not use any numbers or
statistical terms, but provide a review that would make sense to someone who has not
studied research methods or statistics.Be sure to put information in your own words and
cite accordingly. Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings.Point Value: 4
PointsWeekly Learning Outcome Alignment: 1, 2, 3—————————————————
————————————————————————————– CHOOSE –FROM–MY–
Research Questions:1. How does the employees’ motivation affect the organization
Productivity?In this research, there are two main variables that are an independent variable
which in this case are the motivational factors for employees which include favorable
working environment, compensation strategy, business culture, and the management
strategy. The dependent variable in this study is the organization productivity. The best
effective scale for measuring these variables is an ordinal scale basically because some
variables have more impacts than the others.2. What are the factors that affect the patient’s
reaction to treatment?The variables in these case include the type of medication, the

2. lifestyle of the patient and the degree of the effect of the health condition has affected the
patient. These variables have a different effect on the patient’s reaction to treatment, the
variables are categorical in nature. In this case, the most effective measurement scale is the
ordinal scale as well (Celli, Decramer, Wedzicha, Wilson, Agustí, Criner & Vogelmeier,
2015).3. Does the increase in gun ownership affect the crime level in the society?This
question has several variables that increase in criminal-related deaths, criminal activities,
assault cases. A rational scale level of measurement can be used in this research because of
the nature of these variables. The variables depict some categorical characteristics they
have different degrees of impact on the dependent variable in the question.4. How does the
school environment affect the student performance?The security level in the school, the
type of rules and the consequences of going against the rules and the level of strictness of
the teacher in the school are the main variables in the research question. The rules and
regulations are can be grouped into some category as well as the level of strictness of the
teachers another subordinate staff, in this case, the best scale of measurement to be used is
the ordinal scale. The variables also have some categorical characteristics they are not
numerical.5. What is the probability that randomly selected teenager watches movie over
three times in a week?The possibility or the variables, in this case, is that the student
watches three times, less, or even more in a week. In this case, the main scales of
measurement will be internal level, this is basically because they can be quantified but the
decimal or rather the zero point is not relevant to the study or rather is meaningless (Pratt,
2015).6. Is there any relationship between the traffic congestion and the price of fuel? The
research questions in this have only one variable of interest which is the fuel prices which
may or may not affect the traffic congestion. This is a question that is meant towards finding
the if there is a relationship between the variables in the study. The level of measurement,
in this case, is, therefore, an ordinal scale. The data, in this case, may have some continuous
characteristics.7. Is there any relationship between gender and student performance in
statistics and science subjects?The variables, in this case, will be the average performance of
the students in the subjects of focus, they will be categorized according to their gender.
These variables can actually be measured using the ratio level of measurements by some
mathematical operations. In this case, an average will be calculated of both genders
performance on the subjects being studied. The data in this study will depict some
continuous characteristics. 8. How does the training frequency affect muscle growth for
bodybuilders?The variables, in this case, are time, the intensity of training and the diet.
These are the three basic factors that affect muscle growth. These variables can be
measured using some interval level of scale because they affect muscle growth differently in
bodybuilders. This scale will be giving some difference in categories in the manner they
affect the dependent variable here which is muscle growth. The data, in this case, will be
analyzed mathematically and so will give some discrete results (Sahin, Serdar, Serteser,
Unsal & Ozpinar, 2018).9. What is the relationship between mortality rates and poverty
level?This research question is intended to establish the existence of any relationship
between the mortality rates within a population and the poverty level of that population.
The variables in these case will be poverty and death rate which will be measured using the
ordinal level scale because it will be giving the degree to which these variables affect each

3. other. The variables, in this case, will be having some continuous characteristics because
they rise and fall at some level.10. How does technological development impact learning in
schools?This research question has two directions, that is, the dependent variable may
affect the independent in two ways either positively or negatively. The variables, in this
case, will include the teaching techniques used by the teachers, the accessibility of the
learning materials and so on this will have some positive impact on the learning processes.
These variables will be measured using the ordinal level scale because they will be
categorized and rated on the impact they have on the subject of study.ReferencesPratt, M. G.
(2015). Crafting and Selecting Research Questions and Contexts in Qualitative Research.
Handbook of Qualitative Organizational Research: Innovative Pathways and Methods,
177.Celli, B. R., Decramer, M., Wedzicha, J. A., Wilson, K. C., Agustí, A., Criner, G. J., … &
Vogelmeier, C. (2015). An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society
statement: research questions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American journal
of respiratory and critical care medicine, 191(7), e4-e27.Sahin, O. N., Serdar, M., Serteser, M.,
Unsal, I., & Ozpinar, A. (2018). Vitamin D levels and parathyroid hormone variations of
children living in a subtropical climate: a data mining study. Italian Journal of Pediatrics,
44(1), 40.