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How to Predict the Future 
William Hertling 
Defrag 2014
2015 2025 2035
70000 
60000 
50000 
40000 
30000 
20000 
10000 
0 
kb/s 
Video 
2005 
Avg Speed: 1.2mbps 
320 x 200 x 16 x 20% = 
1.6mbps 
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
70000 
60000 
50000 
40000 
30000 
20000 
10000 
0 
kb/s 
Napster 
1999 
Avg Speed: 88kbps 
128 encoding = 3MB 
Download time: 4 ½ 
minutes 
Video 
2005 
Avg Speed: 1.2mbps 
320 x 200 x 16 x 20% = 
1.6mbps 
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
• Predicted: 62 Mbps 
• Actual 59.3 Mbps 
• Difference: 4.8%
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured 
2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, 
compared to 65% for magnetic 
platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020.
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured 
2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, 
compared to 65% for magnetic 
platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. 
Implantable 
computers
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured 
2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, 
compared to 65% for magnetic 
platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. 
Implantable 
computers 
2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. 
Reaches easily implantable size by 
2030.
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured 
2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, 
compared to 65% for magnetic 
platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. 
Implantable 
computers 
2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. 
Reaches easily implantable size by 
2030. 
Human-level general 
purpose AI
Prediction Year Why 
Last magnetic platter 
hard drive 
manufactured 
2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, 
compared to 65% for magnetic 
platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. 
Implantable 
computers 
2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. 
Reaches easily implantable size by 
2030. 
Human-level general 
purpose AI 
2025-2050 Processing power growing 47%/year, 
50x/decade. Depends on estimates of 
complexity of human intelligence. 
Even if its 1000x more complicated, 
that’s only 20 years further away.
Objection #1 
“Exponential growth is not enough.” 
“There are hard problems to solve, and we 
don’t know how.”
Objection #2 
“We haven’t done it, therefore we can’t do 
it.” 
“We’ve had forty years of disappointments.”
Objection #3 
“We’re going to run into fundamental limits.” 
“The trend can’t continue.”
Intel 80386 
You are 
here
My Use Cases 
1. Seed for creativity and brainstorming 
2. Validate other people’s assumptions
1986 1997
Step 1: Calculate Annual 
Increase 
Compounded 
Annual Growth 
Rate
Step 2: Extrapolate
Sanity Check 
Prediction 
off by ~ 2x
Step 3: Predict
Caveats
Want to Learn More? 
To receive the following: 
▪ A copy of this presentation 
▪ Sample spreadsheets 
▪ Links to my books 
▪ Sample chapters 
Just pick up your phone, and send an email: 
To: hertling@SendYourSlides.com 
Subject: defrag 
William Hertling, @hertling
Want to Learn More? 
To receive the following: 
▪ A copy of this presentation 
▪ Sample spreadsheets 
▪ Links to my books 
▪ Sample chapters 
Just pick up your phone, and send an email: 
To: hertling@SendYourSlides.com 
Subject: defrag 
William Hertling, @hertling 
hertling@SendYourSlides.com 
defrag

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How to Predict the Future

  • 1. How to Predict the Future William Hertling Defrag 2014
  • 3.
  • 4. 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 kb/s Video 2005 Avg Speed: 1.2mbps 320 x 200 x 16 x 20% = 1.6mbps 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
  • 5. 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 kb/s Napster 1999 Avg Speed: 88kbps 128 encoding = 3MB Download time: 4 ½ minutes Video 2005 Avg Speed: 1.2mbps 320 x 200 x 16 x 20% = 1.6mbps 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
  • 6. • Predicted: 62 Mbps • Actual 59.3 Mbps • Difference: 4.8%
  • 7. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured
  • 8. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured 2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, compared to 65% for magnetic platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020.
  • 9. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured 2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, compared to 65% for magnetic platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. Implantable computers
  • 10. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured 2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, compared to 65% for magnetic platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. Implantable computers 2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. Reaches easily implantable size by 2030.
  • 11. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured 2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, compared to 65% for magnetic platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. Implantable computers 2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. Reaches easily implantable size by 2030. Human-level general purpose AI
  • 12. Prediction Year Why Last magnetic platter hard drive manufactured 2020 SSD capacity increasing 80%/year, compared to 65% for magnetic platters. SSD pulls ahead in 2020. Implantable computers 2030 Computers shrinking 24% per year. Reaches easily implantable size by 2030. Human-level general purpose AI 2025-2050 Processing power growing 47%/year, 50x/decade. Depends on estimates of complexity of human intelligence. Even if its 1000x more complicated, that’s only 20 years further away.
  • 13. Objection #1 “Exponential growth is not enough.” “There are hard problems to solve, and we don’t know how.”
  • 14.
  • 15. Objection #2 “We haven’t done it, therefore we can’t do it.” “We’ve had forty years of disappointments.”
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. Objection #3 “We’re going to run into fundamental limits.” “The trend can’t continue.”
  • 19. Intel 80386 You are here
  • 20. My Use Cases 1. Seed for creativity and brainstorming 2. Validate other people’s assumptions
  • 22. Step 1: Calculate Annual Increase Compounded Annual Growth Rate
  • 24. Sanity Check Prediction off by ~ 2x
  • 27.
  • 28. Want to Learn More? To receive the following: ▪ A copy of this presentation ▪ Sample spreadsheets ▪ Links to my books ▪ Sample chapters Just pick up your phone, and send an email: To: hertling@SendYourSlides.com Subject: defrag William Hertling, @hertling
  • 29. Want to Learn More? To receive the following: ▪ A copy of this presentation ▪ Sample spreadsheets ▪ Links to my books ▪ Sample chapters Just pick up your phone, and send an email: To: hertling@SendYourSlides.com Subject: defrag William Hertling, @hertling hertling@SendYourSlides.com defrag

Editor's Notes

  1. Source: http://wiki.ardupilot-mega.googlecode.com/git/images/ArduPilotMegaImages/APM-IMU.png
  2. Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/First_flight2.jpg
  3. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/IBM_Watson.PNG
  4. Amiga 1000 photo: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Amiga_1000_PAL.jpg HP computer photo: http://nostalgy.net.ru/museum/hp-nets/1.jpg