1. High Rate of Population growth
Causes:
1. Low death Rate
2. High Birth Rate
Consequences:
1. Higher demand for resources
- More people, more resources like food and water needed
- In undeveloped countries, people suffer from famine because not enough food to feed
rapidly growing population
2. Higher demand for housing
- Competition for housing
- Happen in cities of less developed countries, not sufficient housing for growing population
- Eg. People live in temporary shelters made of cardboard or wooden planks
3. Higher demand for education
- More babies born every year, require sufficient schools and teachers to educate the young
- Less developed countries lack funds to build more school
- Not everyone able to attend school and obtain good education
4. Higher demand for jobs
- Rapid population growth, a lot people competing for limited no. of jobs
- Many people at working age jobless
5. Environmental problems
- More people more resources used, more waste
- Paper, water bottles which are empty, sewage produced
- Less developed countries lack waste disposal and other public services
- Land and water pollution
Measures:
1. Education on family planning
- Couples taught various methods to control their family size
- In Bangladesh, women from family planning agencies are sent to rural areas to give advice
and educate people about family planning
- Eg. Poster persuading couples that daughters are as good as sons
2. Incentives and penalties

2. - Rewards in the form of monetary incentives given to couples with fewer children, more
children pay higher tax as penalty
- Eg. China use “one child policy”, each couple only allowed one child. Incentives given for
housing and educational subsidies to couples who pledge to have only a child. Some
exceptions or revisions can have more child for example if each couple are only child, two
children is allowed to avoid imbalance in population, as few babies born cannot take care of
elderly in future.