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Quantum
Ghost Imaging
BY WATHAN PRATUMWAN
Imaging
Alice

|↕ +|↔

Entangled pair

|↕ 𝐴 |↕ 𝐵 +|↔ 𝐴 |↔ 𝐵

Bob |↕ +|↔
“I cannot seriously believe in quantum
theory because it cannot be reconciled with
the idea that physics should represent a
reality in time and space, free from
spooky actions at a distance.”
─ Albert Einstein
Experiment
D1
collection lens
Laser
pump

aperture
filter
coincidence
circuit

lens
BBO

filter

signal
prism

polarizing
beam splitter

D2
idler

X-Y scanning
fibre
Result

Coincident counts as a
function of the fiber tip’s
coordinates

Aperture
aperture

lens

BBO

beam splitter
X-Y scanning
fibre

Gaussian thin lens

1 1 1
+ =
𝑆 𝑆′
𝑓
Entangled state wavefunction

Phase-matching wavefunction
|Ψ =

𝛿 𝜔𝑠 + 𝜔𝑖 − 𝜔 𝑝 𝛿 𝐤 𝑠 + 𝐤 𝑖 − 𝐤 𝑝 | 𝐤 𝑠 ⊗ | 𝐤 𝑖
𝑠,𝑖
Two-photon geometrical optics
signal

𝛽𝑠
𝛼𝑠
𝛼𝑖

pump

𝛽𝑖

BBO
idler

𝜔𝑠 ≃ 𝜔𝑖 ≃ 𝜔 𝑝 2

𝑘 𝑠 sin 𝛼 𝑠 = 𝑘 𝑖 sin 𝛼 𝑖
𝜔 𝑠 sin 𝛽 𝑠 = 𝜔 𝑖 sin 𝛽 𝑖
Two-photon geometrical optics
signal

idler
Two-photon geometrical optics

collection
lens

lens 𝑓 = 400 mm

D1
BBO
𝑆 = 600 mm

𝑆 ′ = 1200 mm

fiber
tip plane
Summary
 The entanglement is nonlocal correlation of multiparticle system.
 The ghost imaging experiment demonstrates the
entanglement between a pair of photons.
 Geometrical optics can apply to quantum optics.
“We cannot make the mystery go
away by explaining how it works.
We will just tell you how it works.”
─ Richard P. Feynman
References
Pittman, T., Shih, Y., Strekalov, D., & Sergienko, A. (1995). Optical imaging by
means of two-photon quantum entanglement. Physical Review A, 52(5),
R3429–R3432.
Shih, Y. (2008). The Physics of Ghost Imaging. Quantum Physics. Retrieved from
http://arxiv.org/abs/0805.1166
The End

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