Part of a stores and Store Management Module

1. IDENTIFICATION OF MATERIALS
Sivumelwano Agreement Nyembe
vuminyembe@gmail.com
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

2. DEFINITION OF MATERIAL
 ‘Materials’
 is a general term describing goods that are held by
organisations.
 The bulk of these goods is usually intended for use
in connection with production or operating activities,
 ‘materials’ also covers
 finished products awaiting dispatch to customers,
 goods awaiting point of sale display,
 scrap and other residues, and
 packages held pending return to suppliers.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

3. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Stock in trade
 is the material held by a wholesale, retail or other
trading concern, usually bought in quantity at a low price
to be sold as units at a higher price.
 Raw materials
 basic materials which undergo changes through
manufacturing processes in the course of being
incorporated into the finished product.
 Such as coal, steel, lead, copper, rubber, cotton, wool,
timber, limestone.
 Finished product of one industry may be the raw
material of another.
 Raw materials of the right quality are most
important in processing industries.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

4. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Piece parts
 small components manufactured from raw materials.

Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

5. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Bought parts
 finished parts or assemblies purchased from outside
suppliers by a manufacturer either to be incorporated
into their own finished product or to be resold as spares
or accessories.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

6. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Equipment and spares
 That is machines, installations and vehicles as well as
their associated spare parts. This type of stock is
usually most important in extractive industries,
agriculture, utility undertakings and the Armed Services.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

7. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Tools
 Such as hand tools
 hammers and screwdrivers, or
 tools used on machines, such as dies, drills, formers, milling
cutters or portable electric and pneumatic tools.
 Gauges
 This are devices for measuring the dimensions of
shapes of materials or components.
 They are of various kinds, including calliper, plug, screw,
gap and form gauges.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

8. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Jigs and fixtures
 This are pieces of equipment especially designed for
holding materials or parts while undergoing machining,
fitting, assembly or other processes. They are mainly
used in manufacturing industries and particularly in
mass-production factories.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

9. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Work in progress
 This comprises incomplete items in the course of
manufacture,
 Such as a bracket for holding the chassis of a television
set where only the forming and drilling operations have
been completed, but
 where the tapping and plating operations have still to be
done before the bracket is ready for assembly.
 work in progress may be found on the shop floor in the
course of undergoing machining, fitting or other
processes
 there are special work-in-progress storerooms for
holding partly machined components between
operations.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

10. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Work in progress
 It provides a buffer stock of components at various
stages of manufacture, and
 It ensures a balanced flow of production by keeping the
machine lines running without interruption.
 The ‘just-in-time’ approach leads to a significant
reduction in work-in-progress stocks.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

11. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Packaging materials
 indicate everything used for packing,
 Such as wrapping materials such as paper,
 polystyrene beads,
 straw, rope and metal binding,
 containers such as boxes,
 crates,
 drums and bottles, and
 also protective coatings such as grease, wax or plastics.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

12. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Scrap and residues
 That is the waste, used or surplus materials or parts
arising out of manufacturing processes or other
activities; f
 Such as steel and non-ferrous turnings,
 other scrap metal,
 rejected components,
 sawdust,
 used engine oil,
 ashes,
 obsolete machinery.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

13. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 Free-issue materials
 are materials or components provided by a customer in
connection with some equipment or commodity being
manufactured for them. They are delivered to the
supplier’s factory, but remain the customer’s property
and are not paid for or charged by the manufacturer
concerned. They are usually, but not exclusively,
associated with Government contracts, and are
sometimes described as ‘Embodiment Loan’ items.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

14. TERMS TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS KINDS OF
MATERIALS
 General materials
 This are all goods which do not fall within any other
category.
 The term covers a large number of items which,
although not themselves direct production materials, are
required for the day-to-day running of a factory or other
undertaking,
 Such as cleaning materials, protective clothing, paints, nuts
and bolts, emery paper, and oils and grease
 These are frequently called maintenance, repair and
operating ( MRO) items
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

15. GENERAL MATERIALS
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM

16. ASSIGNMENT
 List and describe some of the terms commonly
used to describe various kinds of materials.
Stores
and
Stores
Management
ICM