4. WHY HAWK- EYE??
• Sports has great commercial importance and
popularity. As a result, there’s a need to make
the game more interesting and make it as fair as
possible.
• Human error plays vital role in decision making at
decisive moments.
• There is need to bring a technology to minimize the
chances of human error in such decision making.
5. INTRODUCTION
• Hawk-Eye is a system used in cricket, tennis ,
snookers and other sports to visually track the path
of the ball and display a record of its most
statistically likely path as a moving image.
• Hawk-Eye is most innovative technology in sports
broadcasting and is a development that will
reinforce the group's presence and influence.
6. HISTORY
• It was developed by engineers at Roke Manor
Research Limited in 2001.
• The patent being held by Paul Hawkins and
David Sherry.
• The system was first used during a Test match
between Pakistan and England at Lord's
Cricket Ground, on 21 April 2001.
• It was first used in tennis 2006 US open.
7. Hawk-Eye system is based on
the principle of
”Triangulation”
Triangulation-
is the process of
determining the location of a
point by measuring angles to it
from known points at either
end of a fixed baseline.
8. The hawk eye system consists of two
significant parts
Tracking System.
Camera .
Speed gun.
Video Replay System.
9. The tracking data provides the coaches and players
with the information for HOW they have performed.
The tracking system consists of High speed vision
processing cameras to track the ball from
the bowler’s hand to the batsman.
10. TRACKING SYSTEM
• The system will automatically calculate the following
information:
• The speed of the ball leaving the bowler's hand.
• The swing of the ball from the bowler's hand to where the
ball pitched .
• How much the ball bounced.
• How much the ball deviated sideways off the wicket.
• A prediction of where the ball would have passed the stumps.
11. HAWK-EYECAMERA
Hawkeye cameras placed high
above the court to track the
trajectory (path followed) of
the ball.
It can point out the bounce of
the ball upto the precision of
3mm.
The cameras record the
movement of ball at the rate
of 60frames per second.
12. A speed gun measures the ball
speed.
It shoots a very short burst
of infra-red laser and receives it
back.
The gun, counts the nanoseconds
it took for the light to travel to and
from the ball, divides it by two
and gives the speed of the ball.
SPEEDGUN
13. VIDEO REPLAY SYSTEM
• The Hawk-Eye System can in corporate more video
replay cameras for analysis from different angles, which
can be controlled remotely.
• The video is captured and stored digitally on hard disks.
• This uses display unit like monitor and projector
screens.
14.
15. Uses 6 cameras placed as
shown.
Each cameras are positioned
at 60degree roughly from each
other.
6 cameras are designed
according to their distance
from pitch.
Each camera covers smaller
region for accuracy.
16.
17. CORE IMAGE PROCESSING
• It include loading of statistical generator, which isused
to produce status based on data collected.This part of
the system can be further divided into 3 major parts:
• Identifying pixels representing the ball in each image.
• Applying some geometric algorithm on the set
of Imagesat each instant.
• Coming up with the 3D position of the ball in space.
•
18. IDENTIFYING
Done by process called Blob detection
Blob detection-senses the size of the ball.
It negates the confusion of the ball shadow which
may be confused with the ball pixel by comparing
the ball position in previous images &position of
the sun at that instant.
GEOMETRIC ALGORITHM
Data of x & y coordinates in each camera is
obtained by geometric algorithm which is used
inside hawk-eye system.
19. CRICKET(LBW)
• Hawk-Eye helps to resolve
the following three issues:
• Would the ball have hit the
stumps?
• Did the ball pitch in-line?
• Did the ball hit the batsman
in-line?
21. DISADVANTAGE
• The system is too costly.
• The system needs complex arrangements.
• Sometimes Hawk-Eye struggle with predicting the
curved trajectory of a cricket ball after bouncing.
• Sometimes it challenges umpires dignity
22. CONCLUSION
• After all the test that have been conducted on this
technology, it has always come out successful and
it promises to be a boon for the world of sports
and now it is up to the different councils to decide
whether to use this technology or not.
• This technology has met the high reality and
accuracy features.
• Hawk-Eye is currently developing a system for
Football
