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Spectacle Lenses
Spectacle Lenses
• Spectacle Lensmaterials:
Materialsforspectacle lensesmustcomplywiththe followingoptical characteristics:
• Good optical homogeneity
• Highluminoustransmission
• Low scatteredlightcreation
• Chemical resistance
• Temperature resistance
• Good mechanical resilience
1. Mineral / Glassmaterial Lenses:
• Glasslensesare the oldestmaterial usedforspectacle lensesbutrarelyusedtodayasit isbrittle
and heavy.
• Theyhave excellentopticspropertiesandare scratchresistantbutunfortunatelytheyare
approximately33 percentheavierthantraditional plasticlenses(CR39) andthe leastsafe forimpact
resistance.
Advantages:
• Hightransparency
• HighAbbe Value
• Highlyscratch resistant
• Good Optical Quality
• Resistanttochemical fumesandtemperature fluctuation
• Available inphotochromatic&sunglassoption
Refractive Index:
• Mineral 1.5
• Mineral 1.60: 20% thinnerthanMineral 1.5
• Mineral 1.70: 30% thinnerthanMineral 1.5
• Mineral 1.80: 40% thinnerthanMineral 1.5
• Mineral 1.90: 50% thinnerthanMineral 1.5
Disadvantages:
• Heavy
• Easilybreakable
2. Organiclensmaterial lenses:
Advantages:
• Hightransparency
• HighAbbe Value
• PopularOptical material
• Good Optical Quality
• Resistanttochemical fumesandtemperature fluctuation
• Available insunglassoption –photochromatic,tintandpolarised
Refractive Index:
• Organic1.50 (CR39): 40% lighterthanmineral lenses
• Organic1.6 : 20% thinner&lighterthanorganic1.5
• Organic1.67 : 35% thinner&30% lighterthanorganic1.5
• Organic1.74 : 43% thinner&32% lighterthanorganic1.5
Disadvantages:
• Thickerthan glass
• Gets scratchedwhennotcoated
3. Polycarbonate Material:
Advantages:
• 23% thinner&25% lighterthanOrganic1.50
• 12 timesmoreshatter-proof thanOrganic1.50
• Has a veryhighimpactresistance –ideal forprotective eyewearandsportsglasses
• Has a veryhighmechanical resistance
• Can be groundverythinly – verylight
• Good optionforrimlessandkidsasit has highimpactresistance
Refractive Index:
• Available in1.6index only
Disadvantages:
• Has a tendencytogetstressinducedcracks
• Low scratch resistance –is systematicallyproducedwithahard coating
• Can be tintedtoa limiteddegree
• Polycarbonate hasa lowerabbe numberleadingtoloweroptical image properties
4. Trivex Material:
Advantages:
• 20% thinnerthanOrganic1.50
• lightestlensmaterial
• Ideal forrimlessframes
• 12 timesmoreshatter-proof thanOrganic1.50
• Has almostthe same refractionindex asCR39 butcan be groundmore thinly
• Has a veryhighimpactresistance–ideal forprotectiveeyewearandsportslenses
• Is chemicallyresistanttosolvents
• Has verygood optical characteristics
• Is with1.11 g/m3the lightestmaterial forlenses
• Is toughand hard-wearing–easytodrill,groove andcut
• Providesanalternative toOrganic1.50 as a standardlensbecause itislighterandtougher
• Is systematicallyproducedwithahard coating
• Trivex hasbetteroptical image propertiesthanpolycarbonate.
Refractive Index:
• Available in1.53index only
• Anti-reflectionCoating:
• To improve boththe visionthroughthe lensesandthe whole appearance of the glasses,ananti-
reflectivecoatingcanbe appliedtothe lenses.ARcoatingsmake the lensesclearertolookatand
through.
• Theyconsistof several layersof metal oxidesappliedtothe frontor back lenssurfaces.Because
of the layeringeffect,ARcoatingssometimeshave ahintof greenorpurple colour,dependingonthe
individualmanufacturer’sformula. Eachlayerisscientificallycalculatedtoblockreflectedlight.The
resultisthat you’ll see areductioninglare,annoyingreflectionsandhalosaroundlightswhilewearing
the lenses.Thisisagreat safetybenefitwhenyou’re drivingatnight.
• Anti-reflectivecoatingreducesbothinternal andexternalreflectionsonthe lensesthemselves,
creatinga nicercosmeticappearance.Internal reflectionsappear,asringsthat make lenseslookthick.
External reflectionsmaskyoureyesfromaclear,complete view whensomeone islookingatyou.So
withan anti-reflective coating,lensesappearthinornon-existent,andyoureyeslookmore natural.
• Anyone onTV or whose photo istakenoftenbenefitstremendouslyfromthe betterappearance
of ARcoated lenses,butreally,all eyeglasswearerswouldbenefitfromananti-reflective coatingfroma
cosmeticpointof view.If youhave a strongprescription,youcanuse the AR coatingin conjunctionwith
high-index orthinnerlensestomake yourglasseslookandfeel asthinaspossible.
• Tints:
• While some peoplethinkcolouredcontactlensesare merelycosmeticfunctions,the righttint
can enhance visionandcomfortat specific tasks,frominthe office infrontof a computerscreen,to
outdooractivitiessuchasgolf or skiing.Tintscome insolids,gradientsordouble gradients,andcanbe a
fununique touchto yourlenses.
• Pinkor Rose:
• Thistint hasbeenknowntohelpreduce eyestraininbrightly-litoffices.Thistintisoften
recommendedforcomputerwearers.
• Yellow:
• Oftenknownasblue blockers,yellow tintsare afavorite of skiersandskeetshootersbecause
theyprovide excellentdepthperceptionandlow light contrast.
• Yellowlensesare notrecommendedwhenaccurate colorperceptionisnecessary.
• Brown:
• Similartothe yellowtint,browntintsprovideexcellentcontrastbecause theyfiltersome blue
light,butnot as muchas the yellowtint.
• Brown lensesare excellentgeneral purposelenses.
• Green:
• The human eye ismostsensitivetogreenlight.Because of this,greentintsgiveusthe highest
contrast andgreatestvisual acuityof any tint.
• Greentintscan enhance contrastin low-lightconditions.
• Gray:
• The most populartint,a gray tintprovidesgoodprotectionfromglare anddoesnotoverly
distortcolors.
• Gray tintedlensesare excellentforgeneral purpose andfordriving.
• Purple:
• A goodchoice for hunters,purple tintsallowsfornatural colorperceptionwhileofferingsome
shade fromthe sun.
• Blue:
• Blue tintsare not recommendedforoutdooruse because itcanincrease glare.Itcan be usedas
a fashiontintif usedinlightershades.
• If blue colouredcontactlenses are desiredforoutdoorwear,be sure toconsiderthe optionof a
brownor gray polarizedlenswithablue flashmirrorcoat
• AsphericLenses:
• The asphericlensdesignthatcan be usedinmost lensmaterials.
• The designof the lenscreatesa flatter,thinnerandlessdistortedlensthantraditional designs.
• In general itachievesthisbychangingthe radiusof curvature the furtherfromthe centerof the
lens.
• Asphericlensesare anexcellentchoice forpluspoweredlenses
• Asphericscanbe alsocombinedwithhighindex materialsanditcreatesanexcellentdesignfor
cosmeticandoptical purposes.
• PolarizedLenses:
• Polarizedlensesare usedforprescriptionsunglasses.
• Polarised filtersare made of a chemical filmappliedtoatransparentplasticorglasssurface.
• The chemical compoundusedwill be composedof moleculesthatnaturallyaligninparallel
relationtoone another.
• Whenapplieduniformlytothe lens,the molecules create amicroscopicfilterthatabsorbsany
lightmatchingtheiralignment.
• Most of the glare that causesyouto wear sunglassescomesfromreflectionoff of horizontal
surfaces,suchas wateror a highway.
• Whenlightstrikesasurface,the reflected lightwavesare polarizedtomatchthe angle of that
surface.So,a highlyreflective horizontal surface,suchasa lake or the sea,will produce alot of
horizontallypolarizedlight.
• The polarizedlensesinsunglassesare fixedatan angle thatonlyallowsverticallypolarizedlight
to enterthe eye hence reducingthe glare.
• PhotochromaticLenses:
• Photochromiclensesare eyeglasslensesthatdarkenautomaticallywhenexposedtosunlight,
thenfade back whenyoureturnindoors.
• In mostcases, photochromic lensesare clear(ornearlyclear) indoorsanddarkentoa medium
suntint outdoors.Butthere are exceptions.
• Photochromiclensesare available innearlyall lensmaterialsanddesigns,includinghigh-index
lenses,bifocalsandprogressive lenses.
• An addedbenefitof photochromiclensesisthattheyshieldyoureyesfrom100 percentof the
sun’sharmful UVA and UVB rays.
• Because a person’slifetime exposuretosunlightandUV radiationhasbeenassociated
withcataractslaterinlife,it’sagood ideatoconsiderphotochromiclensesforchildren’seyewearaswell
as for eyeglassesforadults.

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Spectacles Lenses - Vision Express India

  • 2. Spectacle Lenses • Spectacle Lensmaterials: Materialsforspectacle lensesmustcomplywiththe followingoptical characteristics: • Good optical homogeneity • Highluminoustransmission • Low scatteredlightcreation • Chemical resistance • Temperature resistance • Good mechanical resilience 1. Mineral / Glassmaterial Lenses: • Glasslensesare the oldestmaterial usedforspectacle lensesbutrarelyusedtodayasit isbrittle and heavy. • Theyhave excellentopticspropertiesandare scratchresistantbutunfortunatelytheyare approximately33 percentheavierthantraditional plasticlenses(CR39) andthe leastsafe forimpact resistance. Advantages: • Hightransparency • HighAbbe Value • Highlyscratch resistant • Good Optical Quality • Resistanttochemical fumesandtemperature fluctuation • Available inphotochromatic&sunglassoption Refractive Index: • Mineral 1.5
  • 3. • Mineral 1.60: 20% thinnerthanMineral 1.5 • Mineral 1.70: 30% thinnerthanMineral 1.5 • Mineral 1.80: 40% thinnerthanMineral 1.5 • Mineral 1.90: 50% thinnerthanMineral 1.5 Disadvantages: • Heavy • Easilybreakable 2. Organiclensmaterial lenses: Advantages: • Hightransparency • HighAbbe Value • PopularOptical material • Good Optical Quality • Resistanttochemical fumesandtemperature fluctuation • Available insunglassoption –photochromatic,tintandpolarised Refractive Index: • Organic1.50 (CR39): 40% lighterthanmineral lenses • Organic1.6 : 20% thinner&lighterthanorganic1.5 • Organic1.67 : 35% thinner&30% lighterthanorganic1.5 • Organic1.74 : 43% thinner&32% lighterthanorganic1.5 Disadvantages:
  • 4. • Thickerthan glass • Gets scratchedwhennotcoated 3. Polycarbonate Material: Advantages: • 23% thinner&25% lighterthanOrganic1.50 • 12 timesmoreshatter-proof thanOrganic1.50 • Has a veryhighimpactresistance –ideal forprotective eyewearandsportsglasses • Has a veryhighmechanical resistance • Can be groundverythinly – verylight • Good optionforrimlessandkidsasit has highimpactresistance Refractive Index: • Available in1.6index only Disadvantages: • Has a tendencytogetstressinducedcracks • Low scratch resistance –is systematicallyproducedwithahard coating • Can be tintedtoa limiteddegree • Polycarbonate hasa lowerabbe numberleadingtoloweroptical image properties 4. Trivex Material: Advantages: • 20% thinnerthanOrganic1.50 • lightestlensmaterial
  • 5. • Ideal forrimlessframes • 12 timesmoreshatter-proof thanOrganic1.50 • Has almostthe same refractionindex asCR39 butcan be groundmore thinly • Has a veryhighimpactresistance–ideal forprotectiveeyewearandsportslenses • Is chemicallyresistanttosolvents • Has verygood optical characteristics • Is with1.11 g/m3the lightestmaterial forlenses • Is toughand hard-wearing–easytodrill,groove andcut • Providesanalternative toOrganic1.50 as a standardlensbecause itislighterandtougher • Is systematicallyproducedwithahard coating • Trivex hasbetteroptical image propertiesthanpolycarbonate. Refractive Index: • Available in1.53index only • Anti-reflectionCoating: • To improve boththe visionthroughthe lensesandthe whole appearance of the glasses,ananti- reflectivecoatingcanbe appliedtothe lenses.ARcoatingsmake the lensesclearertolookatand through. • Theyconsistof several layersof metal oxidesappliedtothe frontor back lenssurfaces.Because of the layeringeffect,ARcoatingssometimeshave ahintof greenorpurple colour,dependingonthe individualmanufacturer’sformula. Eachlayerisscientificallycalculatedtoblockreflectedlight.The resultisthat you’ll see areductioninglare,annoyingreflectionsandhalosaroundlightswhilewearing the lenses.Thisisagreat safetybenefitwhenyou’re drivingatnight. • Anti-reflectivecoatingreducesbothinternal andexternalreflectionsonthe lensesthemselves, creatinga nicercosmeticappearance.Internal reflectionsappear,asringsthat make lenseslookthick. External reflectionsmaskyoureyesfromaclear,complete view whensomeone islookingatyou.So withan anti-reflective coating,lensesappearthinornon-existent,andyoureyeslookmore natural.
  • 6. • Anyone onTV or whose photo istakenoftenbenefitstremendouslyfromthe betterappearance of ARcoated lenses,butreally,all eyeglasswearerswouldbenefitfromananti-reflective coatingfroma cosmeticpointof view.If youhave a strongprescription,youcanuse the AR coatingin conjunctionwith high-index orthinnerlensestomake yourglasseslookandfeel asthinaspossible. • Tints: • While some peoplethinkcolouredcontactlensesare merelycosmeticfunctions,the righttint can enhance visionandcomfortat specific tasks,frominthe office infrontof a computerscreen,to outdooractivitiessuchasgolf or skiing.Tintscome insolids,gradientsordouble gradients,andcanbe a fununique touchto yourlenses. • Pinkor Rose: • Thistint hasbeenknowntohelpreduce eyestraininbrightly-litoffices.Thistintisoften recommendedforcomputerwearers. • Yellow: • Oftenknownasblue blockers,yellow tintsare afavorite of skiersandskeetshootersbecause theyprovide excellentdepthperceptionandlow light contrast. • Yellowlensesare notrecommendedwhenaccurate colorperceptionisnecessary. • Brown: • Similartothe yellowtint,browntintsprovideexcellentcontrastbecause theyfiltersome blue light,butnot as muchas the yellowtint. • Brown lensesare excellentgeneral purposelenses. • Green: • The human eye ismostsensitivetogreenlight.Because of this,greentintsgiveusthe highest contrast andgreatestvisual acuityof any tint. • Greentintscan enhance contrastin low-lightconditions.
  • 7. • Gray: • The most populartint,a gray tintprovidesgoodprotectionfromglare anddoesnotoverly distortcolors. • Gray tintedlensesare excellentforgeneral purpose andfordriving. • Purple: • A goodchoice for hunters,purple tintsallowsfornatural colorperceptionwhileofferingsome shade fromthe sun. • Blue: • Blue tintsare not recommendedforoutdooruse because itcanincrease glare.Itcan be usedas a fashiontintif usedinlightershades. • If blue colouredcontactlenses are desiredforoutdoorwear,be sure toconsiderthe optionof a brownor gray polarizedlenswithablue flashmirrorcoat • AsphericLenses: • The asphericlensdesignthatcan be usedinmost lensmaterials. • The designof the lenscreatesa flatter,thinnerandlessdistortedlensthantraditional designs. • In general itachievesthisbychangingthe radiusof curvature the furtherfromthe centerof the lens. • Asphericlensesare anexcellentchoice forpluspoweredlenses • Asphericscanbe alsocombinedwithhighindex materialsanditcreatesanexcellentdesignfor cosmeticandoptical purposes. • PolarizedLenses: • Polarizedlensesare usedforprescriptionsunglasses. • Polarised filtersare made of a chemical filmappliedtoatransparentplasticorglasssurface.
  • 8. • The chemical compoundusedwill be composedof moleculesthatnaturallyaligninparallel relationtoone another. • Whenapplieduniformlytothe lens,the molecules create amicroscopicfilterthatabsorbsany lightmatchingtheiralignment. • Most of the glare that causesyouto wear sunglassescomesfromreflectionoff of horizontal surfaces,suchas wateror a highway. • Whenlightstrikesasurface,the reflected lightwavesare polarizedtomatchthe angle of that surface.So,a highlyreflective horizontal surface,suchasa lake or the sea,will produce alot of horizontallypolarizedlight. • The polarizedlensesinsunglassesare fixedatan angle thatonlyallowsverticallypolarizedlight to enterthe eye hence reducingthe glare. • PhotochromaticLenses: • Photochromiclensesare eyeglasslensesthatdarkenautomaticallywhenexposedtosunlight, thenfade back whenyoureturnindoors. • In mostcases, photochromic lensesare clear(ornearlyclear) indoorsanddarkentoa medium suntint outdoors.Butthere are exceptions. • Photochromiclensesare available innearlyall lensmaterialsanddesigns,includinghigh-index lenses,bifocalsandprogressive lenses. • An addedbenefitof photochromiclensesisthattheyshieldyoureyesfrom100 percentof the sun’sharmful UVA and UVB rays. • Because a person’slifetime exposuretosunlightandUV radiationhasbeenassociated withcataractslaterinlife,it’sagood ideatoconsiderphotochromiclensesforchildren’seyewearaswell as for eyeglassesforadults.