The document discusses different types of software testing including static testing, dynamic testing, black box testing, white box testing, and visual or GUI testing. It defines key terms like errors, bugs, faults, and failures. The basic testing cycle is also outlined including steps like requirement analysis, test planning, test development, test execution, test reporting, test result analysis, defect retesting, and regression testing. The objectives of software testing are listed as uncovering errors, demonstrating requirements are met, and validating quality with minimal cost.

1. By – Divij Kanwar WebLiquids
Institute

2. Introduction
 Software testing is an investigation conducted to provide
stakeholders with information about the quality of
the software product or service under test.
 It is the process of executing program/application under
positive and negative conditions by manual or automated
means. It checks for the specification, functionality,
performance.

3. Objective
 Uncover as many as errors as possible in a given product.
 Demonstrate a given software product matching its
requirement specifications.
 Validate the quality of a software testing using the minimum
cost and efforts.
 Generate high quality test cases, perform effective tests, and
issue correct and helpful problem reports.

4. Error,Bugs,Fault & Failure
 Error : It is a human action that produces the
incorrect result that produces a fault.
 Bug : The presence of error at the time of execution of
the software.
 Fault : State of software caused by an error.
 Failure : Deviation of the software from its expected
result. It is an event.

5. Basic Testing Cycle
 Requirement Analysis
 Test Planning
 Test Development
 Test Execution
 Test Reporting
 Test Result Analysis
 Defect Retesting
 Regression Testing
 Test Closure

6. Testing Methods
 Static
 Dynamic
 Black Box
 White Box
 Visual (GUI)

7. Static Testing
 Static testing is the testing of the software work products
manually, or with a set of tools,
but they are not executed.
 It starts early in the life cycle
and so it is done during the
verification process.
 It does not need computer as the testing of program is
done without executing the program. For example
reviewing , walk through, inspection, etc.

8. Dynamic Testing
 Dynamic testing is the testing of the
dynamic behaviour of code.
 It involves working with the software,
giving input values and checking if the
output is as expected by executing specific
test cases which can be done manually or with
the use of an automated process.
 It is done during validation process.
 The software is tested by executing it on the computer. Example,
Unit test, integration system, system testing.

9. Black Box Testing
 Black-box testing treats
the software as a “black box”
, examining functionality
without any knowledge of
internal implementation.
 The tester is only aware of
what the software is supposed to do, not how it does it.
 It also known as Specification-based testing technique or
input/output driven testing techniques because they view
the software as a black-box with inputs and outputs.

10. White Box Testing
 White-box testing tests internal structures or workings of
a program.
 It is also known as a Structure-based or Glass-box
testing technique because here the testers require
knowledge of how the software
is implemented, how it works.
 In white-box testing the tester
is concentrating on how the
software does it.

11. Visual (GUI) Testing
 GUI testing is the process of testing a
product’s graphical user interface to
ensure it meets its written specifications
like testing imagesand buttons alignment
on any webpage.

12. Contact Details :
 Contact no. - 918146193452
 E-mail - info@webliquids.com
 Institute Address - SCO 114-115, 2nd Floor, Sector 34A,
Chandigarh, 160034
 Timings - Monday-Friday - 9:00AM - 9:00PM
Saturday-Sunday - 10:00AM - 6:00PM