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1. Ovulation and corpus luteum lutelysis
Ovulation (oogenesis)
the process by which ovum is produced in the ovary. This process include the following
sequential stapes :-
1- oogonium produced by mitotic proliferation of primordial germ cells
2- until the final generation , oogonia enter prophase of the first meiotic division , at
this point they are primary oocytes
3- primary oocyte than surrounded by a flattened layer of follicular epithelium to form
primary follicles
 than the primary follicles proliferate and develop in to secondary oocyte at
the first polar body in the telophase (each contain half number of
chromosome)
4- secondary oocyte enter the second meiotic division
 the division is activated after fertilization by sperms during which second
meiotic division is completed ootide and second polar body
Ovogenesis
Fetal period
Meiosis 1
Secondary oocyte
+
1st polar body
Meiosis 2
Zygote
+
2nd polar body

2. During the pro-estrus phase of the reproductive cycle the pre ovulation follicle develops
it continue to increase in size eventually reaching a diameter up to 2-2.5 cm
The follicle ruptures from the area of attach of follicle to the germinal epithelium which
called stigma-the member of stigma become very thin + convex appear on the ovary
surface + become empty from blood vessels and this will tend to rupture of the follicle
(antrum follicle)
And dis appear its content of follicle fluid in the abdominal cavity and releasing the
unfertilized ovum still surrounded by cumulus cells
The ovum is collected by the fimbria of the oviduct and transport down the oviduct by
the a combination of cilia action and muscular contraction of the oviduct wall
 About one hour before ovulation the follicle forms an (apex) the point at which rupture
eventually takes place
After ovulation there is a rapid collapse of the follicle wall and the follicle cavity will full
with blood which lead to formation of corpus hemorrhagic which can palpate it after 24
hr from ovulation cow.
Meanwhile episodic release of LH in a low amplitude, high frequency pattern (intervals
of one per hour or more ) resulting in higher plasma hormone concentration will have
contributed to the development of the follicle and the maturation of the oocyte within it .
The pre-ovulation LH surge itself consists of the summation of very rapid pulses of LH
secretion. The surge will :-
1- Stimulate the process of ovulation
2- Initiates luteinization of the granulosa and the call cells of the follicle
The farm animal are divided according to the ovulation in to the following
1- Spontaneous ovulation :-include the animal except
2- Induced ovulation animal :- such as queen she camel , rabbit ferret

3. Factor effect on lutcolysis of C.L
1- Pituitary effect :- by secretion of prolactin hormone which help in growth of C.L
2- Uterus effect which include :-
A) Secretion of PGF2X which causes lucolysis of C.L
B) Hysterectoruy lead to stony c.l
C) Present of fetus lead to persist of CL
D) Inflammation of uterus lead to persist CL
E) Present of foreign body in the uterus lead to lutelysis of CL
F) Washing of the uterus by salty or irritation solution help in lutolysis of C.L