Treatment of Amoebiasis for UG Students

1. BY – DR. V.R.Patkar
DEPT of PHARMACOLOGY

2.  Amoebiasis is a common infection of human
GIT.
 The intestinal disease varies from mild
abdominal discomfort to diarrhoea to acute
fulminating dysentry .
 AGENT - Pathogenic strains of E. histolytica.
 Tropozoites live in the colon where they
multiply and encyst and the cysts are
excreted in stool.

3.  Stress
 Malnutrition
 Alcoholism
 Corticosteroid therapy
 Immunodeficiency
 Alteration of bacterial flora.

6.  These drugs are useful in infection caused by
the anaerobic protozoa Entamoeba
histolytica. Other Entamoeba species are
generally non-pathogenic.
 CLASSIFICATION -
 1. Tissue amoebicides.
 2. Luminal amoebicides.

7.  A) For both intestineal and extraintestinal
amoebiasis- Nitroimisazole : metronidazole,
tinidazole, secnidazole, ornidazole.
 B) For extraintestinal amoebiasis only
Chloroquine.

8.  A) Amide – diloxanide furoate, nitazoxanide.
 B) 8-Hyroxyquinolines – quiniodochlor,
diiodohyroxyquin.
 C) Antibiotics – tetracyclins, paromomycin.

9.  1. ACUTE AMOEBIC DYSTENTRY – Most cases
of amoebic dysentery respond to a single
adequate treatment. Tinidazole or
metronidazole are the drugs of choice.
Adjuvant measures for diarrhoea and
abdominal pain may be needed. It should be
discontinued as soon as acute symptoms are
controlled (2-3 days) and metronidazole
started.

10.  2. MID INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS/
ASYMPTOMATIC CYST PASSERS -
Nitromidazoles afford rapid symptomatic
relief in mildly symptomatic intestinal
amoebiasis as well, and are the first line
drugs. However they most fail to clear cysts,
and the standard practice is to give
diloxanide fuorate or another luminal
amoebicide, either cocurrently or immediately
after.

11.  3. AMOEBIC LIVER ABSCESS – It is a serious
disease, complete eradication of tropozoites
from the liver essential to avoid relapses.
Metronidazole or tinidazole arevthe first
choice of drugs effective in > 95% cases.
Critically ill paitents maybe treated with I.V.
metronidazole for the entire course , or at
least initially, followed by oral doasing. Large
abscess usually take months to resolve, even
if all tropozoites are killed. If a big abcess is
formed, it maybe aspirated.

12. THANK YOU 