The document summarizes the history and development of the pen. It describes how early writing tools like reed brushes and quill pens led to the development of metal nib pens. Demand for pens that could hold ink within a reservoir led to innovations in fountain pens in the 18th-19th centuries. Ballpoint pens were patented in the late 1880s and eventually replaced fountain pens due to being more reliable and less prone to staining. Modern pens include rollerball pens, felt tip pens, and some high-tech pens with additional functions.

1. NITK SURATHKAL
Submitted By
Veerendra chaurasiya
Roll no. 172160
PEN
Submitted to,
Dr. G C Mohan kumar
Mech. Deptt.

2. DEFINITION OF DESIGN
Design estabilishes and defines solution ,and pertinent to structure for problem.
Then according to definition any new product follow these processes.
1. PROBLEM
2. SOLUTION (INVENTION)
3. INNOVATION

3. PEN
Pen is a writing instrument used to apply ink on a surface, such as paper.
Problem before pen
• IN earlier days measure problem is that ,How to represent our thought/ideas
infront of other?
• How to send our message/letter to other ? Without writing is not easily possible.
• Some solution were existed there before invention of the pen.
Solution
• Ancient egyptians had developed writing on papyrus scrolls when scribes used thin reed
brushes or reed pens

4. • the reed pen might well have been used for writing on parchment as long
ago as the First Dynasty or about 3000 BC
• Reed pens continued to be used until the Middle Ages
• The reed pen, generally made from bamboo
Reed pens Reed Brush pen
• The reed pen survived until papyrus was replaced as a
writing surface by animal skins, vellum and parchment

5. • Quill pens were still widely used in the 18th century, and were used to write and sign
the Constitution of the United States in 1787.
• a quill pen, derived from the flight feather
• but it were slowly replaced by quills from about the 7th century.

6. INNOVATION
• Reed pen and quill pen were not suitable and reliable to perfect use. It was not
comfort to use.
• Then first innovation was that, the nib of the quill pen was changed.
• It converted into the metal nib, A copper nib was found in the ruins of Pompeii in
August 1963.
• 'New invented' metal pens are advertised in The Times in 1792.
• A metal pen point was patented in 1803, but the patent was not commercially
exploited. A patent for the manufacture of metal pens was advertised for sale
by Bryan Donkin in 1811.

7. • after that, the quality of steel nibs improved enough so that dip pens with metal
nibs came into general use in 1822.
• After this demanded a pen which held ink in a reservoir and delivered it to the nib
• This pen may have been a fountain pen in 1827 , But the ink filling process was
tough ,it was that Push the air out of the pen by piston converter by twisting it
counterclockwise and then clockwise for squeezing the ink.

8. • In 1850 Fountain pen production was increased and it came in
general use.
• The ink filling process of this pen was complicated.
• Then LEWIS WATERMAN modified the design of the fountain pen
and patented IN1884.
• Now the filling process was that simple open the nib and fill the
ink in the pen reservoir and close it.
• Another drawback of this pen was that by this pen stains were
came on the paper, hand and clothes.

9. • the ink flow from the reservoir through the nib, due to capillary action and gravity.
• After that demanded a pen which would not stain on paper, hand and clothes.
• Then first patent on ball point pen was issued on October 30,1888 to John Loud.
• It has replaced the fountain pen as the most common tool for everyday writing
• The ballpoint pen is usually reliable and comes in both inexpensive and expensive types.

10. Types of ball pen which are used now days
1. A ballpoint pen dispenses an oil-based ink by rolling a small hard sphere, usually 0.5–
1.2 mm and made of brass,steel, or tungsten carbide.
2. A rollerball pen dispenses a water-based liquid or gel ink through a ball tip similar to that of
a ballpoint pen. The less-viscous ink is more easily absorbed by paper.
3. A Felt-tip pen, or marker, has a porous tip of fibrous material..
small tip writing on paper
medium tip colouring ,scketching
large tip writing on white board
Ball point pent Rollerball pen

11. FELT TIP PEN
Small tip Medium tip Large tip

12. Some high tech pen
This nifty device not only functions as a pen, but is also a USB flash drive and MP3 player. It boasts
512MB of memory, an FM tuner, built-in microphone, LED indicator, and a shockproof case.
Made by Informatica, this Wi-Fi pen allows users to detect wireless hot spots within a 50-foot radius.
This all-in-one pen comes in 256MB, 512MB, or 1GB capacities and also features a built-in SD card
drive.
USB MP3 pen
WIFI pen
SPY DISC pen

13. Top 3 high-tech pens of 2017
Phree pen
This is a device designed to turn any surface into a sheet of paper by digitizing writings
and drawings onto your smartphone.
Read N’Style pen
Turn any text to audio by speaking the words aloud into wireless earbuds.
Charge write pen
This is a pen that's a screen cleaner and 15 gig flash memory drive. It'll even recharge
your smartphone
Phree pen

14. Read N’ Style pen
Charge write pen