TECHNOLOGY ASSIGNMENT

1. ASSIGNMENT
Edu 03 technology and communication in education
Submitted to, Submitted by,
Mary Jain Aparna Thampan J
Assistant Professor B.Ed Geography
Emmanuel College Emmanuel College
Vazhichal Vazhichal

2. TOPIC :
MEANING, SCOPEAND OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION :
Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims
of human life or, as it is sometimes phrased, to the change and manipulation of the
human environment. Technology of education involves the know-how of the
teaching learning process under specific conditions. It includes the mechanism of
instructional process in the classroom situations, levels of teaching, principal
operations and establishing relations between learning theories and teaching
operations.
Educational technology is a conceptof transforming the traditional book
teaching and learning to digital form. It is the use of both physical hardware,
software and educational theoretic to facilitate learning and improving
performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes
and resources. It encompasses several domains including learning theory, computer
based training, online learning and where mobile technologies are used.
In the use of educational technology, it is the teacher who determines the
objectives of education and plan programs which can achieve best results. Teacher
develops the appropriate educational content and determines the process bywhich
the content is to be conveyed to the students. Teacher monitors the progress of the
students and evaluates their achievements with reference to the objectives and
modifies the program if needed. Functions like planning, organising, operating
evaluating and preplanning the educational program in which technology may play
an important role are performed by the teacher and other educational personnel.
This is the age of technology. Its influence is being reflected in all
productive endeavours, whether it be an industry or an agricultural project.
Education too, it being a developmental endeavour aiming at raising the level of
productivity of a nation, has been very much influenced by the message of

3. technology. This message being maximising the output in both quality and
quantity.
CONTENT:
Educational technology is the application of scientific principles to
education. It lays stress on the development of methods and techniques for
effective teaching learning and stresses the organization of learning situations for
the effective realization of the goals of education. It emphasizes the designing and
measuring instruments for testing learning outcomes.
MEANING OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
There are three different views regarding the meaning of Educational
Technology. As per the first view, Educational Technology refers to application of
technology to instrumentation useful to the process ofteaching. This is the view of
Finn and his colleagues. This view lays stress on the use of hardware in education.
According to the second view, Educational Technology refers to application of
scientific principles to instruction. This is the view of Skinner, Gagne and others.
This view emphasizes the application of psychological principles in learning. The
third view of Educational Technology as described by Davies and Hartley
incorporate both the first and second views through application of the systems
approachto education and training. According to this view, education should be
considered a system in which men, machines, methods, media and materials
(5M’s) are inter related and work together for the fulfilment of specific educational
objectives.
The National Council of Educational Technology gives the wider meaning
of Educational Technology in these words, “It is the development, application and
evaluation of system, techniques and aids to improve the process ofhuman
learning”. It places much stress on educational ideas as on technological
inventions, largely becauseit accepts that fundamental advances usually come
from the interaction of changing concepts with changing techniques.
SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Educational Technology aims to improve the teaching learning process. The
scopeofeducational technology encompasses educational objectives, media and

4. their characteristics, criteria for selection of media and resources, management of
resources, as well as their evaluation. Educational technology increases the output
of the entire system of education. It helps in optimizing educational outcomes with
costeffectiveness through efficient use of available resource including men and
materials. The possibility of using educational technology in almost all areas of
education has been and is being explored. There are three major areas in education
in which its scopeis very wide. They are;
1. Technology related to general educational administration and management.
2. Technology related to general educational testing.
3. Technology related to instructional process.
Rowntra (1973) has stated the following as the province of educational
technologists:
 Identifying aims and objectives of learning.
 Planning and learning environment.
 Exploring and structuring the subject matter.
 Selecting appropriate teaching strategies and learning media.
 Evaluating the effectiveness of the learning system.
 Using the insights gained from evaluation to improve their effectiveness for
the future.
Important areas which should comprise educational technology are as
under:
 Concepts and various facts of educational technology.
 Teaching learning process.
 Individualised instructional technology.
 Programmed learning.
 Teaching models.
 Learning theories.
 Multimedia approachto teaching.
 Mathetics.
 Cybernetics
 Task analysis.

5.  Modules.
 System approach.
OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Educational technology is the application of scientific process to
man’s learning condition to what has come recently. The major objectives of
educational technology are;
According to Hillard Jason the following major objectives of educational
technology keeping the teachers in view;
 Transmitting information.
 Serving as role models.
 Assisting the practice of developing specific skills.
 Contribution to the provision of feedback.
 Students as focal point.
According to Meckenzie and others the following major objectives with
student as focal point;
 The need to reach out to maximum number of students.
 To reach out to them with a improved range of learning materials.
 To offer greater opportunities for independent study.
 To permit at least a limited students response.
MACRO LEVEL OBJECTIVES (OBJECTIVES IN TERMS OF BROAD
EDUCATIONAL GOALS)
 To identify the need and aspirations of the community.
 To determine the aims, objectives and the general structure of education.
 To develop and integrated curriculum of arts, science and human values.
 To identify and locate material resources and strategies for achieving the
decided aim of education.
 To develop specific models of teaching to bring about an improvement in
the teaching learning process.
 To design, modify and develop appropriate equipments or aids suitable or
relevant to the educational process.

6.  To identify the latent environmental constraints and means to tackle them.
 To assist in providing vocational opportunities to the needy and deserving.
 To manage the entire educational system consists of planning,
implementation and evaluation phases.
MICRO LEVEL OBJECTIVES(OBJECTIVES IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC
CLASSROOM TEACHING)
 To identify the educational needs of the learner.
 To access the characteristics of the student.
 To determine and formulate classroomobjectives in behavioural terms.
 To identify the necessary teaching learning material.
 To identify the contents of instruction and organise them in a proper
sequence.
 To predetermine the nature of interaction between subsystems that is
students, teachers, teaching learning materials, content and methodologies.
 To identify human resources.
 To plan out teaching strategies, models and methods as per the needs and
objectives.
 To evaluate effectiveness of the teaching strategy interns of learning
outcomes that is behavioural changes in the students.
 To provide appropriate feedbacks to students as well as teachers.
 To modify the teaching learning process onthe basis of feedback received.
GENERALOBJECTIVES
 Individualising instruction.
 Improving the quality of education.
 Meeting the problem of quantity.
 Equalising educational opportunity.
 Providing lifelong education.
CONCLUSION:
The challenges of modern world as emerged from a global approachof
scientific knowledge, democratic ideas and demands on personality require that

7. teaching methodology must undergo revolutionary changes to meet the new
aspirations and need of the society. In order to make the best use of our resource it
is essential that all personnel engaged in the educational enterprise and especially
the teachers understand adequately the dynamics and mechanism of educational
technology and provide the best possible education to the students.
REFERENCES:
 Essentials of educational technology – J C Aggarwal
 Commerce Education: methodology of teaching and pedagogic
analysis - Dr. K Sivarajan, Dr. K Lal
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org
 https://www.britannica.com