One (1) page, typed, double-spaced INTRODUCTION of Greyston Bakery，Inc -Identify the organization (manufacturing, service, government, import/export, etc) -Identify human relations theory, communication issues, intercultural relationships, and ethics as they relate to your organization. -Explain your role in the organization, if any. "The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which was published in Satires of Circumstance 1914 Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been estranged when she died in 1912; but her death prompted a series of poems by Hardy which are viewed as being among his best work. The ‘Poems of 1912-13’ see Thomas Hardy revisiting his early courtship and marriage, knowing that those times – and the woman with whom he shared those memories – will never return. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best-known of all these poems First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first wife, who had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming he can hear her voice telling him that she is not the woman she once was (not just because she has passed away; Emma was an old lady when she died, and not the young woman Hardy had met, courted, and married back in the early 1870s, some forty years before). Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her? Well how come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says, wishing to lay his eyes on her as she was as a young woman when she would wait for him to show up when they were courting. He even remembers the clothing she wore when he first met her (the ‘original’ blue gown). But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded – is it no more than the sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet meadow? And is Emma, after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing – no longer capable of thought or knowledge, and so unable to hear him and respond? Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation: unsteadily walking forward, while the leaves fall around him and the wind screeches through the land (‘norward’ meaning ‘northward’, so this is a cold north wind), and a sound that resembles the voice of his dead wife supposedly ‘calling’ to him. Hardy thinks he hears Emma’s voice. But does he? ‘Can it be you that I hear? Let me view you, then’. Is this a ghost poem, or a poem of auditory hallucination? Or merely memory so vivid that it seems like hallucination, although Hardy knows deep down (much as he wishes it were otherwise) that Emma’s voice is imagined, and she is not there? It’s curious to note that although in the third stanza he appears to doubt the idea that he can hear Emma’s voice, telling himself that it may be just the wind after all, he places the two possibilities alongside each other in the poem’s final stanza, as if keeping alive the idea that ‘the woman’ is indeed ‘calling’. The use of pathetic fallacy in the autumnal scene (the leaves are falling around him) and the image of Hardy ‘faltering forward’ (the word ‘faltering’ gently picked up in ...

1. One (1) page, typed, double-spaced INTRODUCTION of
Greyston Bakery，Inc
-Identify the organization (manufacturing, service, government,
import/export, etc)
-Identify human relations theory, communication issues,
intercultural relationships, and ethics as they relate to your
organization.
-Explain your role in the organization, if any.
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was published in Satires of Circumstance 1914
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when she died in 1912; but her death prompted a
series of poems by Hardy which are viewed as being among his
best work. The ‘Poems of 1912-13’ see Thomas Hardy revisiting
his early courtship and marriage, knowing that those times –
and the woman with whom he shared those memories – will
never return. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best-known of all these
poems
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming
he can hear her voice telling him that she is not the woman she
once was (not just because she has passed away; Emma was an
old lady when she died, and not the young woman Hardy had
met, courted, and married back in the early 1870s, some forty
years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well how come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says,
wishing to lay his eyes on her as she was as a young woman
when she would wait for him to show up when they were
courting. He even remembers the clothing she wore when he
first met her (the ‘original’ blue gown).

2. But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded – is it no
more than the sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet
meadow? And is Emma, after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing – no
longer capable of thought or knowledge, and so unable to hear
him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:
unsteadily walking forward, while the leaves fall around him
and the wind screeches through the land (‘norward’ meaning
‘northward’, so this is a cold north wind), and a sound that
resembles the voice of his dead wife supposedly ‘calling’ to
him.
Hardy thinks he hears Emma’s voice. But does he? ‘Can it be
you that I hear? Let me view you, then’. Is this a ghost poem, or
a poem of auditory hallucination? Or merely memory so vivid
that it seems like hallucination, although Hardy knows deep
down (much as he wishes it were otherwise) that Emma’s voice
is imagined, and she is not there? It’s curious to note that
although in the third stanza he appears to doubt the idea that he
can hear Emma’s voice, telling himself that it may be just the
wind after all, he places the two possibilities alongside each
other in the poem’s final stanza, as if keeping alive the idea that
‘the woman’ is indeed ‘calling’. The use of pathetic fallacy in
the autumnal scene (the leaves are falling around him) and the
image of Hardy ‘faltering forward’ (the word ‘faltering’ gently
picked up in the word ‘falling’ in the next line) remind us that
Hardy was in his early 70s when Emma died and he wrote ‘The
Voice’. This is an old man lamenting not just the death of his
wife, but the loss of his own youthful life with Emma when they
had both met and had their whole lives ahead of them. (The
later years of their marriage would not be so bright.)
‘Wistlessness’ may have been a new noun but ‘wistless’ is well
served by an entry in the Oxford English Dictionary, the word
having been used by Robert Southey in his Joan of Arc (1796):
‘And, wistless what I did, half from the sheath / Drew the well-

3. temper’d blade.’ But originally Hardy had not written ‘wan
wistlessness’ but ‘existlessness’, which would have lost us the
alliteration (which is so integral to the poem throughout) but
also the sense of Emma’s death as something more than a
‘mere’ loss of existence, but, additionally, a loss of sentience
and an ability to converse with the living (as Hardy longs to
believe Emma is doing with her ‘voice’ in this poem).
‘The Voice’ is written in an unusual metre for English poetry:
dactylic tetrameter (‘Woman much missed how you call to me
call to me’), whereby each foot comprises three syllables, the
first of which is stressed, followed by two unstressed syllables.
This gives the poem a sprightliness that seems at odds with the
nostalgic and sorrowful tone of the poem, but it succeeds in
capturing the sense of confusion and excitement that Hardy
feels at supposedly hearing the voice of a woman he knows to
be dead. Although he can analyse his reaction and find it
wanting (probably just the wind, after all), he cannot help but
keep a little piece of hope alive.
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was
published in Satires of Circumstance 191
4
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when
she died in 1912; but her death prompted a series of poems by
Hardy
which are viewed as being among his best work. The ‘Poems of
1912
-
13’
see
Thomas Hardy

4. revisiting his early courtship and marriage, knowing
that those times
–
and the woman with whom he shared those memories
–
will never retur
n. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best
-
known of all these poem
s
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who
had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming he can hear
her voice
telling him that she is not the woman she once wa
s (not just because she
has passed away; Emma was an old lady when she died, and not
the
young woman Hardy had met, courted, and married back in the
early
1870s, some forty years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well h
ow
come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says, wishing
to lay his
eyes on her as she was as a young woman when she would wait
for him to
show up when they were courting. He even remembers the
clothing she

5. wore when he first met her (the ‘origina
l’ blue gown).
But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded
–
is it no more than the
sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet meadow? And is
Emma,
after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing
–
no longer capable of thought or
knowledge, and so unable
to hear him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:
unsteadily
walking forward, while the leaves fall around him and the wind
screeches
through the land (‘norward’ meaning ‘northward’, so this is a
cold north
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was
published in Satires of Circumstance 1914
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when
she died in 1912; but her death prompted a series of poems by
Hardy
which are viewed as being among his best work. The ‘Poems of
1912-13’
see Thomas Hardy revisiting his early courtship and marriage,
knowing
that those times – and the woman with whom he shared those

6. memories –
will never return. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best-known of all
these poems
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who
had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming he can hear
her voice
telling him that she is not the woman she once was (not just
because she
has passed away; Emma was an old lady when she died, and not
the
young woman Hardy had met, courted, and married back in the
early
1870s, some forty years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well how
come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says, wishing
to lay his
eyes on her as she was as a young woman when she would wait
for him to
show up when they were courting. He even remembers the
clothing she
wore when he first met her (the ‘original’ blue gown).
But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded – is it no
more than the
sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet meadow? And is
Emma,
after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing – no longer capable of thought
or
knowledge, and so unable to hear him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:
unsteadily
walking forward, while the leaves fall around him and the wind

7. screeches
through the land (‘norward’ meaning ‘northward’, so this is a
cold north
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was published in Satires of Circumstance 1914
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when she died in 1912; but her death prompted a
series of poems by Hardy which are viewed as being among his
best work. The ‘Poems of 1912-13’ see Thomas Hardy revisiting
his early courtship and marriage, knowing that those times –
and the woman with whom he shared those memories – will
never return. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best-known of all these
poems
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming
he can hear her voice telling him that she is not the woman she
once was (not just because she has passed away; Emma was an
old lady when she died, and not the young woman Hardy had
met, courted, and married back in the early 1870s, some forty
years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well how come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says,
wishing to lay his eyes on her as she was as a young woman
when she would wait for him to show up when they were
courting. He even remembers the clothing she wore when he
first met her (the ‘original’ blue gown).
But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded – is it no
more than the sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet
meadow? And is Emma, after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing – no
longer capable of thought or knowledge, and so unable to hear
him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:

8. unsteadily walking forward, while the leaves fall around him
and the wind screeches through the land (‘norward’ meaning
‘northward’, so this is a cold north wind), and a sound that
resembles the voice of his dead wife supposedly ‘calling’ to
him.
Hardy thinks he hears Emma’s voice. But does he? ‘Can it be
you that I hear? Let me view you, then’. Is this a ghost poem, or
a poem of auditory hallucination? Or merely memory so vivid
that it seems like hallucination, although Hardy knows deep
down (much as he wishes it were otherwise) that Emma’s voice
is imagined, and she is not there? It’s curious to note that
although in the third stanza he appears to doubt the idea that he
can hear Emma’s voice, telling himself that it may be just the
wind after all, he places the two possibilities alongside each
other in the poem’s final stanza, as if keeping alive the idea that
‘the woman’ is indeed ‘calling’. The use of pathetic fallacy in
the autumnal scene (the leaves are falling around him) and the
image of Hardy ‘faltering forward’ (the word ‘faltering’ gently
picked up in the word ‘falling’ in the next line) remind us that
Hardy was in his early 70s when Emma died and he wrote ‘The
Voice’. This is an old man lamenting not just the death of his
wife, but the loss of his own youthful life with Emma when they
had both met and had their whole lives ahead of them. (The
later years of their marriage would not be so bright.)
‘Wistlessness’ may have been a new noun but ‘wistless’ is well
served by an entry in the Oxford English Dictionary, the word
having been used by Robert Southey in his Joan of Arc (1796):
‘And, wistless what I did, half from the sheath / Drew the well-
temper’d blade.’ But originally Hardy had not written ‘wan
wistlessness’ but ‘existlessness’, which would have lost us the
alliteration (which is so integral to the poem throughout) but
also the sense of Emma’s death as something more than a
‘mere’ loss of existence, but, additionally, a loss of sentience
and an ability to converse with the living (as Hardy longs to
believe Emma is doing with her ‘voice’ in this poem).

9. ‘The Voice’ is written in an unusual metre for English poetry:
dactylic tetrameter (‘Woman much missed how you call to me
call to me’), whereby each foot comprises three syllables, the
first of which is stressed, followed by two unstressed syllables.
This gives the poem a sprightliness that seems at odds with the
nostalgic and sorrowful tone of the poem, but it succeeds in
capturing the sense of confusion and excitement that Hardy
feels at supposedly hearing the voice of a woman he knows to
be dead. Although he can analyse his reaction and find it
wanting (probably just the wind, after all), he cannot help but
keep a little piece of hope alive.
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was
published in Satires of Circumstance 191
4
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when
she died in 1912; but her death prompted a series of poems by
Hardy
which are viewed as being among his best work. The ‘Poems of
1912
-
13’
see
Thomas Hardy
revisiting his early courtship and marriage, knowing
that those times
–
and the woman with whom he shared those memories
–

10. will never retur
n. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best
-
known of all these poem
s
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who
had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming he can hear
her voice
telling him that she is not the woman she once wa
s (not just because she
has passed away; Emma was an old lady when she died, and not
the
young woman Hardy had met, courted, and married back in the
early
1870s, some forty years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well h
ow
come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says, wishing
to lay his
eyes on her as she was as a young woman when she would wait
for him to
show up when they were courting. He even remembers the
clothing she
wore when he first met her (the ‘origina
l’ blue gown).
But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded
–

11. is it no more than the
sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet meadow? And is
Emma,
after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing
–
no longer capable of thought or
knowledge, and so unable
to hear him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:
unsteadily
walking forward, while the leaves fall around him and the wind
screeches
through the land (‘norward’ meaning ‘northward’, so this is a
cold north
"The Voice" is a poem by English author Thomas Hardy, which
was
published in Satires of Circumstance 1914
Thomas Hardy and his first wife, Emma, had long been
estranged when
she died in 1912; but her death prompted a series of poems by
Hardy
which are viewed as being among his best work. The ‘Poems of
1912-13’
see Thomas Hardy revisiting his early courtship and marriage,
knowing
that those times – and the woman with whom he shared those
memories –
will never return. ‘The Voice’ is perhaps the best-known of all
these poems
First, a brief summary of ‘The Voice’: Hardy addresses his first
wife, who
had recently died when he wrote the poem, claiming he can hear
her voice

12. telling him that she is not the woman she once was (not just
because she
has passed away; Emma was an old lady when she died, and not
the
young woman Hardy had met, courted, and married back in the
early
1870s, some forty years before).
Hardy then begins to doubt his ears. Can he really hear her?
Well how
come he can’t see her, then? ‘Show yourself’, he says, wishing
to lay his
eyes on her as she was as a young woman when she would wait
for him to
show up when they were courting. He even remembers the
clothing she
wore when he first met her (the ‘original’ blue gown).
But does he really hear her, or is he merely deluded – is it no
more than the
sound of the soft wind blowing across the wet meadow? And is
Emma,
after all, ‘dissolved’ into nothing – no longer capable of thought
or
knowledge, and so unable to hear him and respond?
Hardy concludes ‘The Voice’ by summarising his situation:
unsteadily
walking forward, while the leaves fall around him and the wind
screeches
through the land (‘norward’ meaning ‘northward’, so this is a
cold north
“Reisitance to Civil Government”, from Civil
Disobidiance.Biography

13. Born in Concord Massachusetts (1817), Thoreau lived much of
his life within 20 miles of Boston. His father was a pencil
maker, which is where he worked with his brother before and
after attending Harvard University. The brothers would
eventually open their own school, giving Henry more time to
work on his philosophical ideas and begin what would become
the transcendentalist movement along with Emerson. From 1840
until his death in 1862, Thoreau would become one of the
writers and orators who would bring change to the union.
Henry David Thoreau
“Civil Disobedience” is an essay from one of Thoreau’s most
influential works, Civil Disobedience. In this essay Thoreau
questions where or not American Government is truly
necessary, labels those who utilize it for their own means, and
gives guidance on how to protest what he believes is unjust
rule.
Civil Law & Human Law
Thoreau’s most challenging idea is the distinction between what
he classifies as Civil and Human law. Human law being that
which rules America (Constitution) was written by man and
therefore is inherently flawed because man is flawed. Civil law
being what ones conscious deems correct regarding a multitude
of societal and personal situations. Thoreau used these
distinctions to challenge actions being taken by the US
Government domestically and abroad. He not only took personal
action by refusing to pay taxes, but charged every American to
question their governing body.
Dependence on Government
Thoreau’s categorizes American citizens both in government

14. work and under government rule as being part of the Machine
which runs the country. He classifies those in government work
by being largely controlled by the power surrounding them,
even the most intelligent enslaved by the illusory dominion over
working class Americans. However not all the blame is put on
these individuals, the inability to think and more importantly
act against the governing body who so tarnished his idea of
America is placed upon those not paid by tax dollars. Thoreau
calls upon everyone standing idly by, to think and act upon the
grievances being carried out by the American government
against humanity. It is through is disagreement with slavery that
he bases action upon. However, it is truly an outcry to all who
believe change is impossible and resistance is futile. Because it
is impossible if everyone simply watches and speaks, action is
the only path to which injustice can be remedied.
These ideas remain true today and have carried weight among
reformists throughout American and world history since his
writing. Arguably one of the most important concepts is that
those who rule do so until those being ruled realize they hold
more power than either side understands. And until the masses
unit and stop fighting one another, those in power will continue
to strength the divide between true liberty what is perceived as
freedom.

15. On Taxes
Taxes are the most burdening aspect of government according to
Thoreau. He not only protests them physically but mentally as
well. Though he is punished with jail time for refusing to pay,
his mental imprisonment is far worse due to the inconsistencies
in his perception of taxation. His statements regarding the
dollars obtained through taxes justifies this in the third and
final part of “Civil Disobedience”. While he comes to many
conclusions regarding appropriate uses like public education
and infrastructure. It is his inability to formulate a restructuring
which would make all parties benefit. Leaving him for the first
time in his writing to say he simply doesn’t have the time to
spend trying to solve a problem so intricate.
This isn’t a surrendering to the problems of his time, but
an understanding that not all resolutions can come from a single
person in their lifetime. It will take the generations of
resistance to restructure that which took centuries to build.
Biography
·
·
·
Born in Concord
Massachusetts (1817
),
Thoreau lived much of his
life within 20 miles of
Boston. His father was a
pencil maker, which is

16. where he worked with his
brother before and after
attending Harvard
University. The brothers
would eventually open their
own school, giving Henry
more time t
o work on his
philosophical
ideas and
begin what would become
the transcendentalist
movement along with
Emerson. From 1840 until
his death in 1862, Thoreau
would become one of the
writers and orators who
would bring change to the
union.
“Reisitance to Civil Government”,
from
Civil Disobidiance
.
“Civil Disobedience” is an essay from one of
Thoreau’s most
influential
works,
Civil Disobedience
. In this

17. essay Thoreau questions where or not American
Government is truly necessary, labels those who utilize it for
their own means, and gives guidance on how to protest what
Henry David Th
oreau
Civil Law & Human Law
Thoreau’s most challenging idea is the distinction
between what he classifies as Civil and Human law.
Human law being that which rules
America (Constitution)
was written by man and therefore is inherently flawed
because man is flawed. Civil law being what ones
conscious deems correct regarding a multitude of
societal and personal situations. Thoreau used these
distinctions to challenge ac
tions being taken by the US
Government domestically and abroad. He not only took
personal action by refusing to pay taxes, but charged
every American to question their governing body.
Biography
Born in Concord
Massachusetts (1817),
Thoreau lived much of his

18. life within 20 miles of
Boston. His father was a
pencil maker, which is
where he worked with his
brother before and after
attending Harvard
University. The brothers
would eventually open their
own school, giving Henry
more time to work on his
philosophical ideas and
begin what would become
the transcendentalist
movement along with
Emerson. From 1840 until
his death in 1862, Thoreau
would become one of the
writers and orators who
would bring change to the
union.
“Reisitance to Civil Government”, from Civil Disobidiance.
“Civil Disobedience” is an essay from one of
Thoreau’s most influential works, Civil Disobedience. In this
essay Thoreau questions where or not American
Government is truly necessary, labels those who utilize it for
their own means, and gives guidance on how to protest what
Henry David Thoreau
Civil Law & Human Law
Thoreau’s most challenging idea is the distinction
between what he classifies as Civil and Human law.
Human law being that which rules America (Constitution)

19. was written by man and therefore is inherently flawed
because man is flawed. Civil law being what ones
conscious deems correct regarding a multitude of
societal and personal situations. Thoreau used these
distinctions to challenge actions being taken by the US
Government domestically and abroad. He not only took
personal action by refusing to pay taxes, but charged
every American to question their governing body.
Edgar Allan Poe
(1809- 1849)
Born in Boston on Jan. 19, Poe, along with his siblings William
Henry and Rosalie, was the son of theatre performers David Poe
Jr. and Elizabeth Arnold. Mrs. John Allan adopted Poe and his
sister after their mother’s death in 1811, while Henry went to
live with his grandparents.
Poe lived quite well in Richmond with his new family; he was
loved, and worried not of any financial difficulties. The family
moved to England in 1815, but returned to Richmond in 1820
for monetary reasons. In 1827 Poe fled to Boston after a
fatherly falling out (a relationship disapproved off, excess
drinking, financial unwillingness, and father-son disinterest all
led to this disintegration).
Poe enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1827 and West Point in 1830;
he published two poem collections during this time. He also
brought the newspaper, Messenger, to prominence in 1836, after
being hired there a year earlier. After quitting though, he
published Ligeia in 1839, after moving to New York.
After publishing various short stories and poems, and working
for a number of editorial positions, Poe was discovered on Oct.
5th of 1849 in poor condition. He was taken to the Washington
College Hospital, and pronounced dead on the 7th. Though great
mystery revolves around his death, excess drinking most likely

20. did the man in.
E. A. Poe’s Ligeia: Transmogrification in Bloom
The story of Ligeia centers around the death of the eponymously
named narrator’s wife, who then returns to life violently
throughout the night, using as a vessel the living body of the
narrator’s second wife, Rowena. The uninspired woman cannot
compare to the supernatural beauty, unrivaled knowledge, and
otherworldly mystique of Ligeia, and so I assert that it is the
narrator’s emotional state that revives the Lady. I will pursue
the themes of religious sentiments engaging mythological
characteristics which culminate in revival, and the character of
Ligeia being a metaphor for humankind’s wonderment of the
unknown.
Several mythological and religious references are made when
characterizing Ligeia: It is mentioned that the Egyptian Goddess
Astophet enraptures the narrator into a hazy lull for her, and
that this is why he never inquired seriously into her surname or
family heritage, beyond vagaries (222). A comparison between
Ligeia and the daughters of Delos is made also (a monumental
culture center historically and myth logically in Greek
antiquity). The description of her flowing hair and beautiful
complexion compares her to the Greek divine hero Hyacinth,
and the shape of her nose specifically calls to mind the features
of the Hebrews, the first race to recognize the monotheistic
God. Her chin seemed crafted from Apollo himself, while her
eyes were larger than that of a gazelle in the fear of the hunt;
overall as well, she mimicked a maiden in Paradise, one of the
Turkish Houri (223).
The narrator uses these allusions to characters, Gods, and myths

21. from antiquity to place Ligeia above mortal women, to display
her as almost a dark underling of one cast out of divinity—too
was Lucifer very beautiful. At the brink of Ligeia’s death, the
narrator witnesses her complexion as that of the grave, and will
lament her taking by the Angel of Death, Azrael (225). Much of
the references Poe makes are of western religion, particularly
during and after her death, as opposed to the ancient
mythological aspects during the explanation of her looks and
setting. This coincides with Ligeia’s praying and begging to
God, who still rules her, but her dying recite and analogy of the
Conquer Worm poem seem to hint that she may continue living
with a strong enough will (229). Then when the narrator is
enjoying yet another opium haze, his second wife being Rowena
continues to worsen until she is hanging on by a thread. Here, a
shadow appears to hang around and intermittently lets itself be
known, until the shade possibly infiltrates Rowena’s parting
wine with four ruby-colored drops of a mysterious liquid (231).
Rowena of course shutters and abates throughout the night, until
finally succumbing to her disease- but wait! Who is it that, after
standing from within the grave, shows herself? It is of course…
Ligeia.
My assertion of Ligeia being a metaphor for wonderment of the
unknown has actually already been discussed. Many of the
allusions made are to divine figures—though mythologically—
including religious representations. The god Apollo, the hero
Hyacinth, all positions that (of Poe’s writing) modern
intelligent men studies and learned from. There is an innate
wonder then of their feats and abilities, innate that is in the

22. study of them. The reference also to Azrael, what is such a
thing most wondered about than death itself? Immortality too—
Ligeia, with such a powerful will, was reborn! Surely man must
wonder how he too can escape death. Admittedly, that is the
bulk of the evidence this assertion can provide, but I see it a
fair enough amount. Certainly, the wonder that Poe allows with
his rich details and questions asked, of Ligeia will keep us
reading for all of time.
Works Cited:
Poe, Edgar Allan, and Arthur Hobson Quinn. Complete Tales
and Poems. N.p. Dorset P., U.S.,
1992. Print.
The story of Ligeia centers around the death of the
eponymously named narrator’s wife, who then
returns to life violently throughout the night, using
as a vessel the living body of the narrator’s second
wife, Rowena. The uninspired
woman
cannot
compare to the supernatural beauty, unrivaled
knowledge, and otherworldly mystique of Ligeia,
and so I asse
rt
that it is the
narrator’s
emotional state
that revives the
Lady. I will pursue

23. the themes of
religious
sentiments
engaging
mythological
characteristics
which culminate
in revival, and the
character of Ligeia being a metaphor for
humankind’s wonderment o
f the unknown.
Several mythological and religious references are
made when characterizing Ligeia:
It is mentioned
that the Egyptian Goddess Astophet enraptures the
narrator into a hazy lull for
her
, and that this is why
he never inquired seriously into her
surname or
family heritage, beyond vagaries
(222)
. A
comparison between Ligeia and the daughters of
Delos
is made also
(a monumental culture center
historically and
myth logically

24. in Greek antiquity).
The description of her flowing hair and beautiful
comp
lexion compares her to the Greek divine hero
Hyacinth
, and the shape of her nose specifically
calls to mind the features of the Hebrews, the first
race to recognize the
monotheistic
God. Her chin
seemed crafted from Apollo himself, while her eyes
were larg
er than that of a gazelle in the fear of the
hunt
; overall as well
, she mimicked a maiden in
Paradise, one of the Turkish Houri
(223)
.
Edgar Allan Poe
(1809
-
1849)
Born in Boston on Jan. 19, Poe,
along with his siblings William Henry
and Rosalie

25. , was the son of theatre
performers David Poe Jr. and
Elizabeth Arnold. Mrs. John Allan
adopted Poe and his sister after
their mother’s death
in 1811, while
Henry went to
live with his
grandparents.
Poe lived quite well in Richmond
with his new family; he was loved,
and worried not of any financial
difficulties. The family moved to
England in 1815, but returned to
Richmond in 1820 for monetar
y
reasons. In 1827 Poe fled to Boston
after a fatherly falling out (a
relationship disapproved off, excess
drinking, financial unwillingness,
and father
-
son disinterest
all led to
this disintegration).
Poe enlisted in the U.S. Army in
1827 and West Point
in 1830; he
published two poem collections

26. during this time.
He also brought
the newspaper,
Messenger
, to
prominence in 1836, after being
hired there a year earlier. After
quitting though, he published
Ligeia
in 1839, after moving to New York.
After publ
ishing various short
stories and poems, and working for
a number of editorial positions, Poe
was discovered on Oct. 5
th
of 1849
in poor condition. He was taken to
the Washington College Hospital,
and pronounced dead on the 7
th
.
Though great mystery revolve
s
around his death, excess drinking
most likely did the man in.
E. A. Poe’s Ligeia: Transmogrification in Bloom

27. The story of Ligeia centers around the death of the
eponymously named narrator’s wife, who then
returns to life violently throughout the night, using
as a vessel the living body of the narrator’s second
wife, Rowena. The uninspired woman cannot
compare to the supernatural beauty, unrivaled
knowledge, and otherworldly mystique of Ligeia,
and so I assert
that it is the
narrator’s
emotional state
that revives the
Lady. I will pursue
the themes of
religious
sentiments
engaging
mythological
characteristics which culminate in revival, and the
character of Ligeia being a metaphor for
humankind’s wonderment of the unknown.
Several mythological and religious references are
made when characterizing Ligeia: It is mentioned
that the Egyptian Goddess Astophet enraptures the
narrator into a hazy lull for her, and that this is why
he never inquired seriously into her surname or
family heritage, beyond vagaries (222). A
comparison between Ligeia and the daughters of
Delos is made also (a monumental culture center
historically and myth logically in Greek antiquity).
The description of her flowing hair and beautiful
complexion compares her to the Greek divine hero
Hyacinth, and the shape of her nose specifically
calls to mind the features of the Hebrews, the first

28. race to recognize the monotheistic God. Her chin
seemed crafted from Apollo himself, while her eyes
were larger than that of a gazelle in the fear of the
hunt; overall as well, she mimicked a maiden in
Paradise, one of the Turkish Houri (223).
Edgar Allan Poe
(1809- 1849)
Born in Boston on Jan. 19, Poe,
along with his siblings William Henry
and Rosalie, was the son of theatre
performers David Poe Jr. and
Elizabeth Arnold. Mrs. John Allan
adopted Poe and his sister after
their mother’s death in 1811, while
Henry went to live with his
grandparents.
Poe lived quite well in Richmond
with his new family; he was loved,
and worried not of any financial
difficulties. The family moved to
England in 1815, but returned to
Richmond in 1820 for monetary
reasons. In 1827 Poe fled to Boston
after a fatherly falling out (a
relationship disapproved off, excess
drinking, financial unwillingness,
and father-son disinterest all led to
this disintegration).
Poe enlisted in the U.S. Army in
1827 and West Point in 1830; he
published two poem collections
during this time. He also brought
the newspaper, Messenger, to

29. prominence in 1836, after being
hired there a year earlier. After
quitting though, he published Ligeia
in 1839, after moving to New York.
After publishing various short
stories and poems, and working for
a number of editorial positions, Poe
was discovered on Oct. 5
th
of 1849
in poor condition. He was taken to
the Washington College Hospital,
and pronounced dead on the 7
th
.
Though great mystery revolves
around his death, excess drinking
most likely did the man in.
E. A. Poe’s Ligeia: Transmogrification in Bloom
Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic
You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this type of assignment
seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at least two points
about an author's works and create a visual support for the
information. Our audience today often likes information in
short "bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able
to manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
Banner at the top of the page with the author's name and subtitle
(theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.

30. Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the author.
A summary of what the two points convey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience would be a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!
SEE THE ATTACHED 2 SAMPLES BUT DO NOT USE SAME
POET!!!
Tips: Creating an Infographic on a Poet
Focus your ideas with a simple visual enhancement. When
writing about the poet, always include a photograph of the poet
(or portrait) to convey a sense of the poet’s identity.
Keep the infographic focused on the main points: the
introduction, biography, and main themes. Don’t cutter the
information with other points.
Make the visuals complementary with 2-3 main colors. These
colors should coordinate and fit with the photographic images—
not distract the reader.
Vary the images. Don’t include all “square” shapes; the brain
finds it appealing to see circles, lines, and squares.
Use the “white space” effectively without making the colors
overwhelm the images. Every aspect of the infographic should
blend.
Always proofread the text sections of the infographic. Grammar
and punctuation errors detract from the credibility of the
document.
Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic
You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this
type of assignment seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at

31. least two points about an author's works
and
create a visual support for the information. Our audience today
often likes information in short
"bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able to
manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
B
anner at the top of the page with the author's name and subtitle
(theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.
Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the au
thor.
A summary of what the two points convey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience
would be a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!
SEE THE ATTACHED
2
SAMPLES BUT D
O NOT USE SAME POET!!!
T
ips: Creating an Infographic on a Poet

32. Focus your ideas with a simple visual enhancement. When
writing about the poet, alw
ays include a
photograph of the poet (or portrait) to convey a sense of the
poet’s identity.
Keep the infographic focused on the main points: the
introduction, biography, and main themes. Don’t
cutter the information with other points.
Make the visual
s complementary with 2
-
3 main colors. These colors should coordinate and fit with the
photographic images
—
not distract the reader.
Vary the images. Don’t include all “square” shapes; the brain
finds it appealing to see circles, lines, and
squares.
Use t
he “white space” effectively without making the colors
overwhelm the images. Every aspect of the
infographic should blend.
Always proofread the text sections of the infographic. Grammar
and punctuation errors detract from
the credibility of the document
.

33. Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic
You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this
type of assignment seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at
least two points about an author's works
and create a visual support for the information. Our audience
today often likes information in short
"bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able to
manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
Banner at the top of the page with the author's name and subtitle
(theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.
Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the author.
A summary of what the two points convey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience
would be a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!
SEE THE ATTACHED 2 SAMPLES BUT DO NOT USE SAME
POET!!!
Tips: Creating an Infographic on a Poet
Focus your ideas with a simple visual enhancement. When
writing about the poet, always include a
photograph of the poet (or portrait) to convey a sense of the
poet’s identity.
Keep the infographic focused on the main points: the
introduction, biography, and main themes. Don’t
cutter the information with other points.
Make the visuals complementary with 2-3 main colors. These
colors should coordinate and fit with the

34. photographic images—not distract the reader.
Vary the images. Don’t include all “square” shapes; the brain
finds it appealing to see circles, lines, and
squares.
Use the “white space” effectively without making the colors
overwhelm the images. Every aspect of the
infographic should blend.
Always proofread the text sections of the infographic. Grammar
and punctuation errors detract from
the credibility of the document.
Assignment 2 Poetry Project:
research a poet of your choice.
identify what events in the poet's life influenced his or her
work.
locate and summarize critical reviews of the poet's work.
analyze one poem.
present your information as an Infographic
To Do List
In order to successfully complete this module, you will need to
complete the following
Choose a poet that you would like to learn more about.
Locate some background information on the poet by searching
the Internet.
Choose the type of presentation you would prefer to complete:
an Infographic.
Research your topic and follow the directions
Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic
You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this type of assignment
seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at least two points
about an author's works and create a visual support for the
information. Our audience today often likes information in
short "bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able

35. to manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
Banner at the top of the page with the author's name and subtitle
(theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.
Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the author.
A summary of what the two points convey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience would be a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!
Possible Topics
Take Simon J. Ortiz and compose an Infographic on him
covering his background as a Native American, his themes in
his poem, "My Father's Song," and his importance as a poet
today.
Cover Adrienne Rich as a feminist poet, including the themes of
love and marriage in "Aunt Jennifer's Tigers," and her appeal as
a poet.
Explore Theodore Roethke as a 20th century poet, including the
themes of a dysfunctional family his impact as a poet to his
reading audience
Assignment 2
Poetry Project:
research a poet of your choice.
identify what events in the poet's life influenced his or her
work.
locate and summarize critical reviews of the poet's work.

36. analyze one poem.
present your information as an Infographic
To Do List
I
n order to successfully complete this module, you will need to
complete the following
Choose a poet that you would like to learn more about.
Locate some background information on the poet by s
earching the Internet.
Choose the type of presentation you would prefer to complete:
an Infographic.
Research your top
ic and follow the directions
Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic
You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this
type of assignment seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at
least two points about an author's works
and create a visual support for the information
. Our audience today often likes information in short
"bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able to
manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
Banner at the top of the page with the aut

37. hor's name and subtitle (theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.
Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the author.
A summary of what the two points co
nvey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience would be
a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!
Assignment 2 Poetry Project:
research a poet of your choice.
identify what events in the poet's life influenced his or her
work.
locate and summarize critical reviews of the poet's work.
analyze one poem.
present your information as an Infographic
To Do List
In order to successfully complete this module, you will need to
complete the following
Choose a poet that you would like to learn more about.
Locate some background information on the poet by searching
the Internet.
Choose the type of presentation you would prefer to complete:
an Infographic.
Research your topic and follow the directions
Project Guidelines: Poet Infographic

38. You will be creating an Infographic on one of the authors that
we covered this semester in LIT 2000; this
type of assignment seeks to accomplish two goals: explore at
least two points about an author's works
and create a visual support for the information. Our audience
today often likes information in short
"bites" with visual emphasis, so all writers need to be able to
manipulate this type of document.
These are some of the items that you will need to include:
Banner at the top of the page with the author's name and subtitle
(theme of your visual essay).
Overview of what you are going to explain about his or her
work.
Two points enhanced by visual representations.
A sidebar with biographical information on the author.
A summary of what the two points convey in a larger sense.
This assignment is designed to give your practice on creating a
visual essay, and your audience would be
a college class.
Use color and design to convey your own sense of creativity!