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Chapter 13:
Presentation J
   Scott Overly
     Bio 120
PE Tube:
      Pressure Equalizing
             Tube
 Small tube surgically placed in a
  child’s eardrum to assist in
  drainage of trapped fluid and to
  equalize pressure between the
  middle ear cavity and the
  atmosphere.
Surgery After Care
 Most children are back to normal within a few
  hours of surgery. Generally do not have any
  post-operative pain.
 If child is runs a fever, use acetamenophn
  (Tylenol) or ibuprofin (Advil or Motrin).
 Some experience nausea and vomiting from the
  general anesthetic.
 Begin with a clear liquid diet, progress to a light
  diet, and then to a normal diet as the child feels
  like eating. Call Doctors office nurse if nausea
  and vomiting continues for more than 12 to 24
  hours.
After Care
 After PE tubes are inserted, prevent dirty water
  from entering the ear canals.
 Dirty water can carry bacteria into the middle ear
  through the tube and cause an ear infection.
 Dirty water includes lake, river, ocean and non-
  chlorinated water and excessively soapy or dirty
  bathtub water.
 Dirty water should be avoided or children should
  wear silicone ear putty or pro plugs when
  exposed to dirty water. These should be placed in
  the outer ear to block the ear canal, but not
  directly into the canal itself.
EENT
          Eyes, ears, nose ,
                throat
    Eye Sevices
   Cataract Surgery
   Lasik Surgery
   Oculoplastic Surgery
   Tear Duct Surgery
   Diabetic Retinopathy
   Age-Related Macular Degeneration,Glaucoma
   Retinopathy Of Prematurity (ROP )
EENT
   ENT Services
   Hearing Aids & DiagnosticsEar Surgery
   Sinus Surgery
   Throat Disorders
   Swallowing & Voice Disorders
   Maxillofacial Trauma Surgery
   Head and Neck Cancers
   Cosmetic / Facial Plastic Surgery
BC - Bone Conduction
 necessary to use bone conduction (BC)
  testing in order to determine cochlear
  function.
 By comparing hearing thresholds obtained via
  bone conduction to thresholds obtained via air
  conduction, the examiner may determine
  whether outer or middle ear pathology is
  (negatively) affecting transmission of sound to
  the cochlea through the auditory canal,
  tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle
  ear.
AU - Both Ears

 aures unitas, both ears together
OM - Otitis Media
 Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear.
  Many doctors consider otitis media to be
  either inflammation or infection of the middle
  ear.
 "Otitis" means inflammation of the ear, and
  "media" means middle.
 This inflammation often begins with infections
  that cause sore throats, colds or other
  respiratory problems, and spreads to the
  middle ear.
 Infections can be caused by viruses or
EM - Emmetropia
 state of proper correlation between
  the refractive system of the eye and
  the axial length of the eyeball, rays
  of light entering the eye parallel to
  the optic axis being brought to
  focus exactly on the
 Normal vision
Exotropia - XT

 a common type of strabismus, is
  the outward deviation of an eye
  (away from the nose).
 The deviation or eye turn may
  occur while fixating (looking at)
  distance objects, near objects or
  both.
OS - Left Eye

 o’culus sinis’ter (left eye).
EOM
     Extraocular Movement
 Seven small muscles located within the
  orbit produce all of the movements the
  eyeball is capable, and also elevates the
  upper eyelid.
 These muscles are collectively termed
  the extraocular muscles because they
  lie outside the eyeball
Visual Acuity

 The visual acuity test is used to
  determine the smallest letters a person
  can read on a standardized chart
  (Snellen chart) or a card held 14 - 20 feet
  away.
Normal Results
 The top number refers to the distance you
  stand from the chart. This is usually 20 feet.
 The bottom number indicates the distance at
  which a person with normal eyesight could
  read the same line you correctly read.For
  example, 20/20 is considered normal. 20/40
  indicates that the line you correctly read at 20
  feet away can be read by a person with
  normal vision from 40 feet away.Even if you
  miss one or two letters on the smallest line
  you can read, you are still considered to have
  vision equal to that line.

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Presentation13

  • 1. Chapter 13: Presentation J Scott Overly Bio 120
  • 2. PE Tube: Pressure Equalizing Tube  Small tube surgically placed in a child’s eardrum to assist in drainage of trapped fluid and to equalize pressure between the middle ear cavity and the atmosphere.
  • 3. Surgery After Care  Most children are back to normal within a few hours of surgery. Generally do not have any post-operative pain.  If child is runs a fever, use acetamenophn (Tylenol) or ibuprofin (Advil or Motrin).  Some experience nausea and vomiting from the general anesthetic.  Begin with a clear liquid diet, progress to a light diet, and then to a normal diet as the child feels like eating. Call Doctors office nurse if nausea and vomiting continues for more than 12 to 24 hours.
  • 4. After Care  After PE tubes are inserted, prevent dirty water from entering the ear canals.  Dirty water can carry bacteria into the middle ear through the tube and cause an ear infection.  Dirty water includes lake, river, ocean and non- chlorinated water and excessively soapy or dirty bathtub water.  Dirty water should be avoided or children should wear silicone ear putty or pro plugs when exposed to dirty water. These should be placed in the outer ear to block the ear canal, but not directly into the canal itself.
  • 5. EENT Eyes, ears, nose , throat  Eye Sevices  Cataract Surgery  Lasik Surgery  Oculoplastic Surgery  Tear Duct Surgery  Diabetic Retinopathy  Age-Related Macular Degeneration,Glaucoma  Retinopathy Of Prematurity (ROP )
  • 6. EENT  ENT Services  Hearing Aids & DiagnosticsEar Surgery  Sinus Surgery  Throat Disorders  Swallowing & Voice Disorders  Maxillofacial Trauma Surgery  Head and Neck Cancers  Cosmetic / Facial Plastic Surgery
  • 7. BC - Bone Conduction  necessary to use bone conduction (BC) testing in order to determine cochlear function.  By comparing hearing thresholds obtained via bone conduction to thresholds obtained via air conduction, the examiner may determine whether outer or middle ear pathology is (negatively) affecting transmission of sound to the cochlea through the auditory canal, tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear.
  • 8. AU - Both Ears  aures unitas, both ears together
  • 9. OM - Otitis Media  Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear. Many doctors consider otitis media to be either inflammation or infection of the middle ear.  "Otitis" means inflammation of the ear, and "media" means middle.  This inflammation often begins with infections that cause sore throats, colds or other respiratory problems, and spreads to the middle ear.  Infections can be caused by viruses or
  • 10. EM - Emmetropia  state of proper correlation between the refractive system of the eye and the axial length of the eyeball, rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis being brought to focus exactly on the  Normal vision
  • 11. Exotropia - XT  a common type of strabismus, is the outward deviation of an eye (away from the nose).  The deviation or eye turn may occur while fixating (looking at) distance objects, near objects or both.
  • 12. OS - Left Eye  o’culus sinis’ter (left eye).
  • 13. EOM Extraocular Movement  Seven small muscles located within the orbit produce all of the movements the eyeball is capable, and also elevates the upper eyelid.  These muscles are collectively termed the extraocular muscles because they lie outside the eyeball
  • 14. Visual Acuity  The visual acuity test is used to determine the smallest letters a person can read on a standardized chart (Snellen chart) or a card held 14 - 20 feet away.
  • 15. Normal Results  The top number refers to the distance you stand from the chart. This is usually 20 feet.  The bottom number indicates the distance at which a person with normal eyesight could read the same line you correctly read.For example, 20/20 is considered normal. 20/40 indicates that the line you correctly read at 20 feet away can be read by a person with normal vision from 40 feet away.Even if you miss one or two letters on the smallest line you can read, you are still considered to have vision equal to that line.