Nt1330 Final Paper

Nt1330 Final Paper
Consider the following preemptive priority–scheduling algorithm based on dynamically changing
priorities. Larger priority numbers indicate higher priority (e.g., priority 3 is higher priority than
priority 1; priority 0 is higher priority than priority –1, etc.). When a process is waiting for the CPU
in the ready queue, its priority changes at the rate of per unit of time; when it is running, its
priority changes at the rate of per unit of time. All processes are assigned priority 0 when they
enter the ready queue. Answer the following questions:
(a) What is the scheduling algorithm that results when 0? Explain.
(b) What is the scheduling algorithm that results when 0? Explain.
Somebody proposed a CPU scheduling algorithm ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For calculating the CPU time of a process in the recent past, a time window of size t is maintained
and the recent CPU time used by a process at time T is calculated as the sum of the CPU times used
by the process between time T and T– t. It is argued that this particular scheduling algorithm (a) will
favor I/O–bound processes, and (b) will not permanently starve CPU–bound processes. Do you
agree/disagree with (a) and (b)? Explain.
Q.3 [10 marks] Consider a variant of the round robin (RR) scheduling algorithm in which the entries
in the ready queue are pointers to the Process Control Blocks (PCBs), rather than the PCBs. A
malicious user wants to take advantage and somehow, through a security loophole in the system,
manages to put two pointers to the PCB of his/her process with the intention that it can run twice as
much. Explain what serious consequence(s) it could have if the (malicious) intention goes
undetected by the OS.
Q.4 [10 marks] Consider the version of the dining philosopher's problem in which the chopsticks are
placed in the centre of the table and any two of them can be used by a philosopher. Assume that
requests for chopsticks are made one chopstick at a time. Describe a simple rule for
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Annotated Bibliography On Functions And Functions
#include #include #include #include #include #include int PID[100], CPU_time[100],
IO_time[100], arrival_time[100], flags[100],ID_ready[100]; int rQ[100], bQ[100]; int f_CPU = 0,
r_CPU = 0, f_IO = 0, r_IO = 0; // a function that dequeue an element from a queue int deque(int
state, int N, int ID) { int temp, var, i, index; if (state == 0) { //deque from ready_queue var =
rQ[f_CPU]; rQ[f_CPU] = –1; f_CPU++; if (f_CPU == N) f_CPU = 0; } if (state == 1) { //deque
from blocked_queue for (i = 0; i N; i++) { //search for ID in the blocked queue if (bQ[i] == ID) {
index = i; break; } } if (bQ[f_IO] != ID) { //sort the elements of the blocked_queue to deque from
the place pointed by f_IO temp = bQ[f_IO]; bQ[f_IO] = ID; bQ[index] = temp; } var = bQ[f_IO];
bQ[f_IO] = –1; f_IO++; if (f_IO == N) //check if end of queue reached f_IO = 0; flags[ID] = 0; }
return var; } // a function that enqueue an element in a queue void enque(int _id, int state, int N) { if
(state == 0) { //enque in ready_queue rQ[r_CPU] = _id; r_CPU++; if (r_CPU == N) r_CPU = 0; }
else { //enque in blocked_queue bQ[r_IO] = _id; r_IO++; if (r_IO == N) r_IO = 0; flags[_id] = 1; }
} // a function for first come first served algorithm void FCFS(int N) { int n, m, k, p, j, ID, time = 0,
temp, counter = –1, run_flag = 0, finish_counter = 0; int turnaround_time[N], data[N]; float
run_count = 0; FILE *output = fopen(FCFS.out,

Safety Precaution About Bench Fitting Shop and Concern to...
TRADE OF HEAVY VEHICLE MECHANIC PHASE 2 Module 1 Induction/Customer Care/Bench
Fitting/Welding UNIT: 4 Bench Fitting and Drawing Table of Contents 1.0 Aims and Objectives 1
Learning Outcome: 1 2.0 Introduction 1 What is a fit in Engineering Terms? 1 3.0 S I System 3 4.0
Derived Units 4 5.0 Basic Drawing Theory 5 Graphical Methods 5 Block Diagrams and Flow
Diagrams 5 Schematic Diagrams 5 Circuit Diagrams 5 Detailed Drawings 6 Assembly Drawings 6
6.0 Orthographic Drawing 6 Oblique Views 8 Isometric Projection 8 Perspective Drawings 9 7.0
Scale 9 Dimensioning Drawings 10 8.0 Sections 11 9.0 Circuit Diagrams 12 10.0 Block Diagrams
and Flow Diagrams 13 11.0 Hydraulics and Pneumatics 14 12.0 Questions on ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the main characteristics of the system is its decimal nature; therefore, the conversion
between smaller and larger units is made by moving the decimal point to the left of right. The SI
system of units (Systeme International d'Unites), developed from the metric system, and has been
defined and recommended as the system of choice for scientific use worldwide. The primary units in
the SI system which are of interest to the motor mechanic are as follows: QUANTITY UNIT
SYMBOL Length Meter m Mass Kilogram kg Capacity Litre l Temperature Degree Celsius oC
Temperature Degree Kelvin K Time Second s Force Newton N Heat Joule j Power Watt w 4.0
Derived Units Derived units are those which can be expressed in terms of the primary units so as to
provide more units to work with. There is a primary unit for length, but not for area or volume,
however, it is possible to derive units for area and volume from the primary units. Any area is
measured as the products of two lengths. It can be said that an area has the dimensions of (length)
x (breadth) and so is measured in squared units. Area = length x breadth and if the length of each of
these is given in meters, then, area = m x m = m2 so the derived unit for area is the square meter
which is written m2. Another derived unit is that of volume which is expressed in cubic meters
written as m3 Volume = length x breadth x height; m x m x m = m3

Nt1330 Unit 1 Case Study
*3.7
The server should keep track in stable storage (such as a disk log) information regarding what RPC
operations were received, whether they were successfully performed, and the results associated with
the operations. When a server crash takes place and a RPC message is received, the server can check
whether the RPC had been previously performed and therefore guarantee exactly once semantics
for the execution of RPCs.
3.8
Short–term: First it selects a process that's already in memory and ready to execute. Then it allocates
the CPU to it.
Medium–term scheduler: It selects processes from the ready or blocked queue and removes them
from memory. Then it reinstates them later to continue running.
Long–term scheduler: This determines which jobs are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This will allow the values of the CPU registers and memory allocation to be saved. Context
switches are able to flush data and have instruction caches.
3.10
*3.11
When a process is terminated, it briefly moves to the zombie state and remains in that state until the
parent invokes a call to wait(). When this occurs, the process id as well as entry in the process table
are both released. However, if a parent does not invoke wait(), the child process remains a zombie as
long as the parent remains alive. Once the parent process terminates, the init process becomes the
new parent of the zombie. Periodically, the init process calls wait() which ultimately releases the pid
and entry in the process table of the zombie process.
4.7
If a kernel thread suffers a page fault with multithreads, another thread can be swapped for it. if you
have a single–threaded process, then it will not be capable of performing well when a page fault
occurs. Therefore, in scenarios where a program might suffer from frequent page faults, a multi–
threaded solution would perform better even on a single–processor system.

A Report On The Management System
Section 2: Problem Explained
As stated above, BGC is done after a resource is hired. Now an unverified resource is there in the
company which directly alarms security issues if that resource is found to be fraud or have a
criminal background. Several problems hits when a BGC is done after hiring, some of which are:
a) An unidentified resource is in the company which alarms security.
b) No one is sure if the resource is having the proper education criteria which s/he has shown.
c) A resource is to be paid for the time s/he is on bench when he is unbilled by the client which hits
direct cost of the company.
d) A resource is using space, water, electricity without getting billed.
e) A resource is not even getting trained and allowed to sit idle.
These are certain issues which no company can ignore as if they fail, it will compromise with the
reputation of the company. Although, several measures has been taken to train the employee while
BGC is conducted which will at least reduce the time to get a resource to properly indulge into a
project.
A Better approach is needed because the above situations are such which impact direct cost of the
company and it's not like that it can't be eliminated but necessary steps is to be taken to eliminate
them which will reduce direct cost and increase gross margin. Thus a new approach is requires here
which will analyze these issues in depth and propose a solution to eliminate them. To support this,
let us talk in terms of revenue, cost and

Nt1310 Unit 1 Term Paper
3.8) Scheduler: Scheduler in an operating system selects the next process to be admitted into the
system and next process to run. The three schedulers and their differences are as follows:–
Long Term Scheduler: Long term scheduler also known as job scheduler, selects the process or jobs
which are to be allowed to the ready queue in the main memory for execution. It decides what
processes are to be run on the system. Long term scheduling has much less frequency of execution.
The long term scheduler is responsible for controlling the degree of multiprogramming. Because of
longer periods between the executions, long term scheduler has an ability to take time in selecting
the process for execution. It is important to select an appropriate process. Generally processes can
be described as I/O bound or CPU bound. I/O bound spends more time in doing I/O operations
rather than other computations. CPU bound is contrast to I/O bound, which spends time doing all
other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has a thread ID, a program counter, a register set, and a stack. Thread is smaller than a process so
thread creation needs only some resources when with a process creation. In creating a process, it
requires to allocate the process control block (PCB).The PCB includes a memory map and list of
open files. A process creation makes memory being allocated for program instructions and data.
4.11) Concurrency: A condition that exists when at least two threads are in progress. Parallelism: A
condition that exists when two threads are executing in parallel. Yes it is possible to have
concurrency but not parallelism. This can be explained as: If there are 4 threads and they are
executed on a single computing or multiple computing system, the threads will be in progress even
though they do not execute in parallel way. This condition satisfies concurrency but no parallelism.
But it is not possible to have parallelism without

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Round Robin Schedulinging...
1. INTRODUCTION
An operating system is an interface between the user of the computer and the computer hardware.
The main purpose of the operating system is to provide user an environment where he can run the
programs in the efficient manner. CPU is considered to be the heart of the system so it should be
effectively used. Improper use of CPU can reduce the system's efficiency. Hence processes are been
continuously running in the CPU to make it more efficient and have maximum utilization. The topic
we have chosen is enhanced round robin scheduling. There is a reason for selecting round robin
scheduling as it a very fair scheduling that gives equal time quantum to all process. This is the major
advantage over all other scheduling algorithms. In operating system multi–programming is a major
issue. The main aim is to run several processes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This major drawback in Round Robin scheduling. Due to this system performance is degraded.
More number of Context switches are been used. This leads to wastage of memory and time , and
also leads to scheduler overhead.
Due to this more number of Context switches ,Throughput is also very low.
Due to all this disadvantages the existing Round Robin Scheduling algorithm is made unfit for the
present real time systems. So these drawbacks are being limited in the proposed system. The Round
Robin scheduling is sensitive to the time quantum. The following two cases arise for scheduling
round robin algorithm
If the time quantum is too small then the Round Robin scheduling becomes Processor sharing
algorithm and hence Context Switches becomes high.
If the time quantum is high then the Round Robin Scheduling becomes First Come First Serve
algorithm.
For every value of time quantum will have specific performance and will certainly affect the
algorithm performance. The quantities which gets affect by this are
Waiting time
Turnaround time
Number of Context switches
Response

Basic Parameters That Affect The Performance
7. Basic Parameters That Affect The Performance in RTOS
7.1 Multi–tasking and preemptable:
In RTOS the system have to be multitasking and preemptable because those two features make the
RTOS Scheduler end any lower priority task to execute the higher ones or to release some resources
for other tasks that urgently need those resources. Also the system have to handle different level of
priorities of interrupts.(Yerraballi,R. 2000)
7.2 Dynamic deadline identification:
In some scheduling algorithms such as (EDF)the deadline is converted to priority levels. Then we
can control priorities by controlling the deadlines.Although such an approach is error prone,
nonetheless it is employed for lack of a better solution(Buttazzo, 2005).
7.3 Predictable synchronization:
The threads of the system need to communication and to be synchronized in a timely efficient and
predictable way.
7.4 Sufficient Priority Levels:
In the scheduling algorithms based on priorities. There must be enough levels of priorities. Priority
inversion occur when a low level priority hold the resource that the the high level priority is waiting
for or blocked due to this resource, and the lower priority is delayed because low priority task. Two
workarounds in dealing with priority inversion, namely priority inheritance and priority ceiling
protocols (PCP), need sufficient priority levels.
7.5 Predefined latencies:
The timing of the systems must be predictable and this is done by defining task switching

Septic Tank Research Paper
Are you considering purchasing a home that has a septic tank, but you've never owned a septic tank
before? Are you wondering how to make sure that your septic tank works properly? Here are a few
tips to making sure that your system continues to work efficiently:
Have it cleaned as soon as possible: If it's been years since the last cleaning or the previous owners
don't remember the last time they called a septic tank service to have it cleaned out, the tank could
be full or nearly full. By cleaning it out now, even if it's not quite full, you'll be able to better keep
track of the time your particular household needs between pumpings. On average, a household of
two can go approximately six years between septic tank service calls if you have

Analysis Of 622 Distributed Software Engineering ( Fall 16 )
SWE 622 Distributed Software Engineering (Fall 16) Reading Assignment 4 Team Members:
Bobby Bounvichit G00544954 Damaruka Priya Ulla G00964073 Mukesh Kumar Sunder
G00973428 Zain Usmani G00738248 1. Consider 5 processes that need to agree on their joint state.
To protect against Byzantine failures, the processes adopted a protocol as described in the slides, in
particular, each process broadcasts its own state to all others, assembles the state received from
others, and then broadcasts its view of the full state to all others. Suppose that, after this, process 1
receives the information provided below. Identify the process(es) that have Byzantine failure, if any,
based on this data. Briefly justify your answer. From 2 got (3,4,1,5,8) From 3 got (3,3,1,6,8) From 4
got (3,1,1,5,8) From 5 got (3,2,1,5,8) At this point Process 1 has received all the collected data from
all the other processes. We can see that all processes received 3 from process 1. All Processes
received a different number from process 2, making it a possible Byzantine failure. From process 3,
all processes received 1. From process 4, majority received 5 from process 4, except process 3,
which received a 6, making process 4 a possible Byzantine failure. All processes received 8 from
Process 5. So the unknown values would be from Process 2, and Process 4. 2. What is the difference
between predictability and consistency in distributed software systems? Predictability has to do with
knowing

Design Optimization Of Worm Gear Drive
Conventional tipper mechanism an unload materials only at the backside of the tipper using
hydraulically operated cylinder which may cause the problems of road blockage in the limited space
area. The revolving hydraulic trailor overcomes the problem of unloading the vehicle on side way
by using hydraulic cylinder. By using cylinder the material can be unloaded in 180 degree as per
requirement. The revolving hydraulic trailor is developed and tested for its movement in all 180
degree possible angle to unload the materials in the tipper trolley and monitor the inclinations for its
gradualism (linearity).
Key words: Design Optimization of Worm Gear drive, Hydraulic Cylinder, Worm Worm Gear
Introduction
Material handling in construction and civil works is one of the basic necessities. The material supply
to civil and construction is provided through trucks, tractor, dumper etc. The material should be
properly loaded, managed, stacked, transported and unloaded. The trailor carries the material which
is loaded from the site, where the material is initially stored. It is then loaded to the trailor and
transported to the required site and then unloaded. The major issues raises over here, the
incompatibility of the site with the fully loaded trailor causes a lot of settling time for the trolley to
get the material properly arranged and transportation time to reach its location. The trailor unloads
the material in

Designing The Final Design Project
4. Theory This Chapter consists of requirements, criteria, factors, elements and principles that gives
insight on how to design the Final Design Project. The conceptual framework is a tentative theory
(answer) for the research and design questions and represents the knowledge gained on how to solve
a practical problem in the specific situation. 4.1 Programme The programme for the final project
have been identified as commercial, specifically healthcare design that focus on the paediatric
aspect of the specific program. 4.1.1 Specific Program This section will discuss the theoretical
aspect of the specific programme, namely healthcare design. 4.1.1.1 Hospital functions Hospitals
are made up of a wide range of services and functions. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Dr. Tarawneh 2014) v. Occupancy A building that was designed as a healthcare facility, may only
be used for this purpose. (Dr. Tarawneh 2014) vi. Parking Healthcare spaces must provide parking
spaces. (Dr. Tarawneh 2014) vii. Patient movement Spaces must be wide enough to ensure free
movement of patients, whether beds, stretchers or wheelchairs are used. Circulation passages from
one area to another must be accessible at any time. Corridors for access must have a minimum width
of 2,44 meters. Corridors not commonly used to transport for beds, can be reduced to 1,83 meters.
(Dr. Tarawneh 2014) viii. Safety Healthcare facilities must provide and maintain a safe environment
for patients, staff and visitors. Exits are the following types: door leading directly to the outside,
ramp, exterior and interior stair. Have a minimum of two exists, remote from each other, on each
floor. Exits must end at an open space to the building's outside. (Carr 2011) ix. Security Healthcare
facilities must ensure the security of the users and assets within the building. (Carr 2011) x.
Segregation Rooms must provide separation of sexes. Separate toilets must be designed for patients
and personnel, male and female. (Dr. Tarawneh 2014) xi. Signage There must be an effective
graphic system made from a number of individual visual aids and devices arranged to provide
information,

Common Threads in George Orwell's 1984 and Today's...
Common Threads in George Orwell's 1984 and Today's Society Big Brother is Watching You
(Orwell 5). This simple phrase has become the cornerstone of the conspiracy theorists dialog.
George Orwell may have writing a cautionary novel with 1984, but there is little possibility that he
could have foreseen how close to reality his novel would truly become. In the past 50 years, the
world has become a much more dangerous place. Along with this danger has come a call for
governments to do more to protect their citizens. This Protection has changed over the years, but it
has become more and more invasive in order to protect the populations from various threats.
Orwell introduces the reader to a future where the government monitors ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There is no explicit protection of what we do on the Internet or any data or information we view,
share, or use. Of course, the FBI, CIA, NSA and HSA are not continually monitoring every citizen,
but in Orwell's 1984, the Thought Police were not always watching their Telescreens either. Orwell's
eerie foresight only continues when Winston notices a Police Patrol helicopter darting from window
to window, looking into people's windows. This type of surveillance in clearly illegal today, and
would be noticed immediately, but in the last 50 years, satellites and unmanned drone aircraft have
taken over the fictional role of the Police Patrols. Public satellites that are 10 to 15 years old
currently can produce digital images with 1–meter resolution. Military satellites can supposedly
produce images with 10–centimeter resolution, meaning that `Big Brother' could theoretically
follow you from your house to your work to a restaurant and home again without you even knowing
you were being watched. This type of surveillance is most likely being used mostly overseas, and
not on Americans, but its mere existence should be a clear signal to us that our age has not avoided
the surveillance pitfalls of 1984. One very disturbing aspect of 1984 is the Spies. This is

Case Study: Common Threads
To: Whom It May Concern, I am responding to the Grants Intern post found in the careers page of
the Common Threads website. The mission of Common Threads is to educate children on the
importance of nutrition and physical well–being, empowering them to be agents of change for
healthier families, schools, and communities. I've dedicated my career to educating children in some
of the most impoverish communities in America. Serving as an educator, I've seen firsthand the
problem of obesity at a young age. I'm compel to join the movement Common Threads has created
as a Grants Intern to contribute building sustainability that will continue to push Common Threads
mission forward. As an educator, I have worked with teachers and school

Change Progress and Prosperity
Change Progress and Prosperity The Harvest took place in a small, secluded, and self–reliant
agricultural community in England, before the industrial revolution. The novel was based on
change, growth, progress and prosperity. The village, as the narrator Walter Thirsk stated was, far
from everywhere (Crace, 3) and isolated from the world. The village was also fragmented and
missing any development of identity. The commons were the people living in the unnamed
village. The commons way of life changed from harvesting and plowing to extracting wool for
clothing. Jim Crace examined the themes of change and fragmentation by the loss of identity and
way of life through the use of symbols, characters, and imagery. In the Harvest, symbolism was
evident throughout the novel. Symbols are commonly used to add richness and depth to the story.
The author used symbols to develop the main themes of change and fragmentation. During the
course of the novel, the most significant symbols included: fire, crops, ghost, unfinished cross,
quills, sheep, wool, and the rock. In the novel, fire was the most impactful symbol. The novel started
with two fires and ended in one. What starts with fire will end with fire (Crace, 198). The element
of fire represents a variety of meanings such as: passion, hope, anger, devastation, and betrayal. In
the beginning of the film, fire represented betrayal and devastation. Two twists of smoke at a time
of year too warm for cottage fires surprise us

Case Study Of Marie Crabb
I have the utmost appreciation for Marie Crabb and her sincere hard work, skills and fantastic
service. I highly recommend Marie and Exquisite Properties to anyone looking for an efficient and
down to earth realtor!
I'd previously had such poor service and expectations of realtors that I came into this purchase with
a skeptical attitude. I'd sold my home near Austin to relocate in San Antonio and had not gotten any
replies off websites or phone calls that didn't feel greedy and uncaring if at all, until Marie.
I received a very quick personable response from her as soon as I contacted her and started looking
for a home in San Antonio. She helped so much and sensed exactly what I wanted and needed the
1st time we met and talked. She scheduled

Analyzing Hershey's 'Tragedy Of The Commons'
Robert Hoyt 9/14/14
D' Alessandro 2 Tragedy of the Commons
ABSTRACT
This experiment was used to explore how finite resources can be used and exploited when they are
shared throughout a group because of personal greed. The Tragedy of the Commons is the
situation where individuals shared a resource with others, but use the resource for their personal
gain, disregarding the impact it could have on the rest of the group and the fact that it is a finite
resource. During the experiment, in Part I, I observed that at one point we were going to run out of
Hershey's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Part II, I got different results because as a group we did not exploit the resources in either of the
ponds
In Part I, I took as many fish as I could, but in Part II, as a group we took only as much as we
needed to survive
If you cooperated that meant that everyone survived and the pond would not run out of fish.
In both the common and private pond I took only two fish so that the population of the pond would
reach carrying capacity for the start of each round.
Common usage can lead to exploitation because one of the members of the group could get greedy
and exploit the pond for everybody.
The ideal way to manage the common pond would be so that each party would only take what they
need so that the population of the pond could replenish for each round.
If I didn't know the students in my group I wouldn't want to communicate as much.
To avoid the tragedy of the commons there should be limits on how much of a resource people
can use over a certain time so that it doesn't get exploited.
If a new student joined my group we would not have been able to divide the fish up evenly to
everyone and that student might not have wanted to be as conservative as the rest of the people in
my

Sample Resume : Automatic Car Jack
Practical In–house Training Report On
Automatic Car Jack
Guided By: Submitted By:
Name of Faculty Guide: Name of the Student:
Mr. Narendra Singh M. Bramaree Srivathsa ENo: A2325312007
Department: Mechanical B.tech+M.tech
Engineering, ASET. Section: 5MAE–5Y
AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
AMITY UNIVERSITY NOIDA UTTAR PRADESH
SESSION: 2014–15
Declaration
I, Bramaree Srivathsa Maddela, student of B.Tech Mechanical and Automation Engineering hereby
declare that the project titled Automatic Car Jack which is submitted by me to Department of
Mechanical Automation Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity
University Uttar

The Problems Of The Tableau Procedure
As we mentioned in the introduction section, one of the time problems related to the Tableau
procedure is checking if the branch is closed or not. The ordinary way for checking if a branch is
closed is known as highly time–cost process. We need an intelligent and simple way to construct
and check the branches. One way, is to use ordered branches (i.e. to put the negated predicates in the
branch first, and then not negated ones), but we still have a problem if the number of negated
elements is much greater than the not negated ones. The following scenario is possible in this case,
If we choose to check if the list contains neg X and X, if neg X is the last element in the negative
ones, and X is the last element in the not negated ones, we have to process all the elements of the
negated ones and in each time we process an element we start from the beginning of the list and
process the whole branch to check if its not negated element is exist. Of course, a lot of time is
consumed before tableau reaches neg X, and finds out that X is exist. branch. The third predicate
closed / 1 check the lists in the branch if the negative one is shorter than the positive on the
predicate checks if neg X is a member of the first list and X is a member of the second list;
otherwise it checks if X is in the positive list and neg
X in the negative one.
The fourth improvement, and the main idea of our implementation, is to use the multi–threading
approach in implementing the tableau procedure.

Nt1310 Unit 7 Homework
3.1) Output is 5 because in the child process value of the variable value is a copy of value(Unix
assigns parent's address space of the variable and gives it to child) and when parent process gets
back the control, value will still be 5.
3.8) Short term scheduler or CPU scheduler: selects a process from the processes (that are in
memory) that are ready to execute and allocates the CPU to it.
Medium term scheduler: It is an intermediate level of scheduling where in process is removed from
memory (temporarily) to reduce the degree of multi programming and can be re introduced into
memory later and execution of the process can be continued from where it is left off.
Long term scheduler: It will be invoked only when a process leaves the system ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
C) mutex lock is better if the thread is put to sleep while holding the lock because in case of
spinlock the thread will always try locking a spinlock if it is not successful which will take lot of
CPU time and resources where as in case of mutex lock , it will allow to sleep during which other
thread can run.
6.2) Preemptive scheduling allows a process to be invoked/disturbed in the middle of its execution
by taking the CPU and assigning it to another process which is in queue where as in case of
NonPreemptive scheduling, process will give up on CPU only when the current process is executed
and finished.
6.10) I/O–bound projects have the property of performing just a little measure of computation
before performing I/O. Such projects regularly don't use up their whole CPU quantum. Whereas, in
case of CPU–bound projects, they utilize their whole quantum without performing any blocking I/O
operations. Subsequently, one could greatly improve the situation utilization of the computer's assets
by giving higher priority to I/O–bound projects and permit them to execute in front of the CPU–
bound

Importance Of Common Stock By John Locke
When dealing with a common stock within a society, one would assume that taking from the
commons would leave other people worse off than they were before. However, this is not the case
according to John Locke. In the beginning of Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government (1690),
he acknowledges that all men are equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life
liberty or possessions (бї 6). This raises the question of whether taking from the commons harms
another person's interest or not. According to Locke, the common stock is everything that God, as
King David says (Psalm 115:16), 'has given the earth to the children of men' (бї 25). Locke argues
that taking from the commons would not affect the other people in society negatively, but it would
instead enhance the value of the commons themselves. Locke utilizes the abundancy of the
commons and the theory that applying one's labor to an object taken from the commons raises the
value of the common stock.
The First Objection to the Thesis Locke's first argument is that the commons are so abundant that
there is no need to worry about depleting resources. While discussing appropriation in the
commons, Locke infers that no man's labour could subdue or appropriate all, nor could his
enjoyment consume more than a small part (бї 36). One man alone could not subdue all the objects
in the commons, but what does this mean when everyone is appropriating? This raises an issue as
resources in a society are never

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Screw Jack
Introduction The increasing levels of innovation, the endeavors being put to produce any sort of
work has been consistently reducing. The endeavors needed in accomplishing the wanted output can
be effectively and economically be reduced by the usage of better designs.
Power screws are utilized to change over rotatory movement into translatory motion. A screw jack is
an illustration of a power screw in which a little force implemented in an horizontal plane is utilized
to raise or bring down the load. The principle on which it works is like that of a inclined plane. The
avantage of using a mechanical screw jack is the proportion of the load applied to the effort applied.
The screw jack works by turning a lead screw. The elevation of the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The operation remains a crucial part of the system despite the fact that with changing demands on
physical input, the level of motorization is expanded.
Degrees of automation are of two types, Full automation and Semi automation. In semi
mechanization a mix of manual exertion and mechanical power is required while in full automation
human participation is extremely unimportant.
Requirement for Automation
Automation can be obtained through personal computers,hydrodynamics,pneumatics et cectra .
Automation obtains a key role in vast scale manufacturing. The machines intended for creating a
specific item are called trnasfer machines. The segments must be moved naturally from the canisters
to different machines consecutively and the last part can be put independently for bundling.
Materials can similarly be continuosly traded from the moving transports to the work spot and the
other route around.
Nowadays, all the gathering systems are being automated with a final goal in mind to incraese the
production at a faster rate. The assembling project is being automated for the accompanying
reasons:
To attain to vast scale fabrication
To diminish

Essay on Life and Crimes of Harry Lavender
Lavender Motif used throughout the Book: Lavender is a flower of beauty, when spraying the
lavender sent is a relaxant to the senses .Harry lavender is the opposite breaking away from the
beauty and definition of lavender.
Claudia Valentine: Her negative tone towards Sydney shows throughout the book. Quote |
Technique | ц└s I got out of bed I realised I wasn't the only one in it. There was a good looking
blonde in there as well p.1 | Synecdoche (a figure of speech in which the word for part of
something is used to mean the whole). This quote implies masculinity , stereotype of good looking
blonde , shows Claudia's male attributes in the way she talks and presents herself. | I rephrased the
question so as to get an answer that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
| Lavender played cat and mouse. Worked on the nerves , seduced the victim into the game.... He
was a legend but he was also a man p.135 | Motif of Cat and Mouse. Hatred Tone towards him.
Vulnerability |
Harry Lavender: Harry lavender Is shown only threw the memoirs (notes) of Mark Banister. This
one example shows How harry lavender was portrayed throughout the book and His distinctive
voice was heard even though we did not physically experience meeting him. Quote | Technique |
But it is my body crumbling , not the city. It can never be destroyed , I will grow and spread
exactly as I have planned it. They will remember me. Oh yes , they will remember p.15 | Metaphor
relating to himself as the cancer has grown and spread threw his body so will Harry Lavenders
Name throughout the city of Sydney. | Instead of childhood I had history.... The child's mother
never Dearing to look towards the loft , wrapping around the child a cloud of invisibility , the cord
rupturing in blood then unravelling like whimper as the grey soldiers close ranks behind her pg41–
42 | This quote shows what gave Harry lavender his characteristics of a heartless vulgar man.
Watching his mother be murdered at a young age. | Regrets ? Only one. That I will not live long
enough to whiteness and enjoy the full impact of the electronic future. pg134 | Shows no emotion
to the murders and crimes that he committed. A heartless selfish man. |
Essay Setup: * Quote *

Common Threads Throughout Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
The monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have over many thousands of years
established many traditions and beliefs. Many of these are from their respective book of scripture
such as the Bible, Torah, or Qu'ran. Others are from the interpretation of the religions over the many
years from their leaders and the generational stories that have been passed down. Many of these can
be seen as quite similar between the religions, but others can be considered unique to each one of
them. There are many concepts that can be analyzed across these religions. The goal of this essay
will be to focus and to put an understanding to some of the main concepts that include ultimate
reality, human beings, community/society and nature (science) and how these influence the
believers' understanding of what it means to religious. To begin, let's start with the concept of
ultimate reality. This term represents the belief of one creator who, in his love, created all things. In
Judaism, there is the presentation of one true and indivisible God the creator of all things, and that
God cannot be any more than one being or spirit. Teachings and prophecies about God are found in
the Torah which is the book of scripture in Judaism, but are also found in the old testament of the
Hebrew bible. The word of God is presented here and through the Jewish people God has revealed
himself in stories that have been translated, understood, and followed over many generations. The
second

Metro Social Services Case Study
The mission is to Preach the gospel of Jesus Christ and meet human needs in his name without
discrimination. The clientele ranges between families, single men, and single women. In which the
temporary housing facility has separate areas for each. Their mission is to help these individuals as
well as families to get stable and on their feet within two years. Through there transitional housing
program there is a process you have to go through which is first being on the waiting list with Metro
Social Services. From here is where you will have to go through the screening process. Which is
first the application process. Once that is done you come in for a meeting to just get a brief overview
of the client. After they have been approved before ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This program is at the youth center and it allows the children free lessons. The children can get free
lessons in any instrument that is available for example: guitar, bass guitar, drums, piano, etc. They
are allowed to find a song that they enjoy, give it to the instructor, the instructor learns the song and
then comes back to teach them. They also have a recording studio which allows them to be able to
record their songs. Also they have a performance and perform at gigs to show what they have
learned. Another great opportunity that they are given is to be able to travel overseas but only if
their grades have remained high and they are invested into the music

Quinte Mri Essay
Quinte MRI Executive Summary Brenton–Cooper Medical Centre (BCMC) has outsourced its MRI
operations to Quinte MRI, a seasoned and highly recognized MRI service provider. Unfortunately,
after six weeks of operations Quinte MRI's leased MRI machine is not meeting its expected outputs
as projected and is causing concern to both Quinte MRI and BCMC which has begun to lose
revenue via referrals away from its clinic. Further, BCMC's reputation is now at risk which could
result in additional loses to the centre. The root cause of the problem appears to lie with the
scheduling of the scanning operations. Dr. Syed Haider, the owner of Quinte MRI, has tasked his
business development coordinators with finding a solution to this problem and ... Show more
Each scan may have different times associated with it depending on the type to be performed,
limiting the capacity of the overall process. Each step in the scanning process is dependent upon the
previous one therefore improvements need to start at the beginning. The objective here is to improve
the process flow up to the point that the actual scan will take place. I also believe that patients are
not being properly screened prior to arrival which is causing Quinte MRI losses in revenue and
time. If a patient turns up and has to be turned away, or rescheduled for misdiagnosis there is a
resulting disruption in the flow of patients which will impact the schedule and process and
ultimately the pocket and reputation of the company. Further, it appears that the technologist is
engaged in performing pre–screening services and this is a highly paid employee who should not be
pre–screening patients. This tasked could best be left to a lower paid trained staff. From an
operational perspective it appears that the initial implementation process of the new machine had a
learning curve. This resulted in longer lead times for processing patients during the first few weeks
until Jeff had found a rhythm. It appears that Jeff was either not properly trained or did not have
sufficient experience in the use of that model machine. Communication, and barriers to, seems to be
a fundamental problem in the whole scanning process.

Nursing Observation Report
In every organization there is always room for change. Interning at Queens Endoscopy Center has
shown me that. The first few weeks interning I noticed there could be more signs up for directions.
The endoscopy center is located in a building with many floors and this center is on the 3rd floor.
Once patients get out the elevator there is no sign on which direction to turn to get to the front desk.
There is just one door leading to another. I would like to put up more arrows and signs to guide the
patient in the directions to go to. If I were to get lost by not knowing where to go, I felt others would
as well. Another change that I would like to partake in would be the communication between the
front desk staff and the nurses. There is a lot of confusion that occurs in this ... Show more content
I would like for them to make sure this does not happen often since it leaves patients being unhappy.
In order to fix this there can be more staff just making sure the system is updated since there are
different physicians as well as many patients assigned to each of these doctors. Lastly, id likes to
eliminate some of the paper work still. I know it is hard to get rid of paper but I feel that loads of
paper is being wasted here. I notice that a lot of elderly people come to this center and have not been
up to date with technology and this is where the paper work comes in. I would like to promote the
access of patients to there own health record online. If they want to see the pictures they can have
access rather then it all being printed. It is not hard for an elderly or any other patient to use this
patient management system on his or her own. Overall, patients getting lost to just finding this
center get them frustrated just the start of their visit and no one would want that. That is why I
figured change could be done

Persuasive Speech
I'm Henry Jefferson and this is how school changed my life.
It was a warm sunny day in March, everything was normal or so I thought. I got up at 6:00 a.m
sharp. I took a shower, then got dressed and ate breakfast. Once I was done with breakfast I did my
hair and brushed my teeth. Then, I went to my bus stop and got on the bus. I go to Guava Middle
School in Montana. It is a nice school with good teachers. Most of the kids that go to our School are
pretty wealthy, so we have nice things.
When I walked into the commons my friends told me a rumor Hey Henry did you hear that Champ
was going to come to school with a gun and shoot it up? Mark asked. Mark is a really good friend
of mine that I have known since Kindergarten.
WHAT, we should go tell the office right now. This could be a real danger to our school. I said.
Quit being such a wuss. He's just doing it to scare us. Plus, where would he even get a gun at?
Jackson stated.
I'm not being a wuss. I yelled. I'm just worried that he will shoot us because of what we did to
him.
What did we do to him that would make him shoot up the 8th grade? Mark asked.
Do you not remember? We 'bullied' him and beat him up for taking my lunch money. I said,
starting to get annoyed.
Oh yea now I remember now. Mark and Jackson said.
Yea this could be a real threat we should tell the office. I said again.
Yea, lets go after first period. Mark said. Just then the bell rang and everyone in the commons
scrambled

Details Information Of The Components And Their Parts
In this project all the parts which may be used in our project like Frame, Shaft, Drum, Pedestal
bearing, Flywheel, Chain, Gear, Fastener. The details information of the components their parts is
as follows.
1.10.1 Frame
The frame main component of the project. A frame is structural system that support other
components of a physical constriction. We used primary as a sours of power for the old bicycle
which included parts for washing machine. There are components are shaft, drum, pedestal bearing,
gear, chain, fasteners, flywheel, and shaft mounted are on the frame. Frame made steel or iron
material, and it is fabricated. The inner drums is attracted one side of a pedal shaft. Rotational force
turns the drum via a drive gear attached to the opposite side of the pedal shaft.
Figure 6 frame
1.10.2 Shaft
Shaft is the component for transmitting torque and rotating. It is a main base for the mounting the
flywheel, fins and both the drums. it is shown in figure. Shaft is the consists of stainless steel Alloy,
nickel Alloy 17–4 PH stainless steel, 410 Stainless steel 416 Stainless Alloy, 316/316L Stainless
Steel, Alloy 20 Stainless Steel, 15–5 Stainless Steel 416 Stainless Steel, K500 Nickel Copper Alloy,
Nickel Special Alloys, Duplex 2205 Stainless Steel. Figure 7 Shaft
1.10.3 Drums
The drums or barrel, cask is the hollow cylinder container, traditionally made of wooden staves
bound by wooden or metal hoops and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Galvanized

Descriptive Essay About Basketball
I looked at the clock. I was 45 minutes early to basketball practice, waiting at the table. The
basketball was dribbling under my fingertips, at a steady 1–2–3–4 pace. Thud, thud, thud, thud. My
eyes wandered back to the clock. 42 minutes early from basketball practice.
Yelling. I heard a lot of yelling behind me. It sounded like little school girls playing on a
playground, enjoying themselves as they ran. As I turn my neck, I see four of my closest friends
talking loudly to each other. Possibly arguing with each other over something as pointless as a
leadless pencil. We met eyes and they came over to where I was sitting with my basketball. I asked
what they were doing at the school this late after school. Something I thought I would ... Show more
He laughed from amusement and turned back to his piano. My four friends started to defend
themselves about how they didn't manhandle me, which they did, and how I should do solo contest.
They said I could just try it out and if I didn't like it I could drop out and never think about it again.
He agreed. My eyes widened as wide as saucers and I was at a loss for words. I wasn't nearly as
good at singing as my friends were and thought I wasn't good enough. I've never been in a musical,
done a solo in a concert, or done Opus. Once I was reassured I was going to be okay and that I
wouldn't be judged, I gave in.
Once I finally picked a song, which took forever because I didn't want to sing out loud in front of
my friends, my mind started to go into overdrive. My mind swirled with questions. What if I'm not
good enough? What if I forget the words? What if I pass out in front of the judge? What if I got an
extremely embarrassing voice crack during the song and die out of embarrassment? I looked at the
clock. 25 minutes early from basketball practice.
I stared at my friends, exasperated at how easily I let them convince me to do this. My heart was
pounding hard against my rib cage and I couldn't seem to think. Later, while everyone left to go
back home, one of the friends who forced me to do solo contest also had basketball practice with
me. We walked silently back to the commons together and both took out basketballs in our hands. I
started laughing, completely surprised at

Coaching Interviews : Common Threads
Coaching Interviews: Common Threads – Different but Yet the Same When I reflect on the
beginning of my journey as a Christian, I fondly recall the warm and secure blanket of love and
guidance I received from Ms. Mackey, a well–seasoned member of my church congregation. She
took me under her wings, and provided me with a safe haven where I could glean from her wisdom,
experience and become motivated to serve. Eventually, I was mature enough to fly away; and, fly
away I did! This was one of the best experiences of my life. Recently, I had an opportunity to use
interviews to seek out the wisdom and experiences of well–seasoned coaches and, as stated in
Proverbs 3 (ESV). Strangely enough, this experience culminated in a warmth and satisfaction that
was congruent with my experiences with Ms. Mackey. It left me with a new sense of determination
and confidence to develop my own coaching style, and more motivated to serve. Before I discuss
the common thread I discovered during the interviews, I would like to present the interviewees, their
background:
Dwight Conley, a New York University certified coach also has a degree in Psychology. His passion
for helping and mentoring people allowed his smooth transition into coaching. He stated that
coaching is a process, only available to those who are whole and can move forward into the future.
Currently, his services include motivation speaking, coaching, live radio and consulting.
Linda Jones, who holds certifications from the

Confucianism And Taoism : A Common Thread That Is Observed...
A common thread that is observed within East Asian religions is that there is an ideal or higher path
that one can follow to attain their spiritual goals within their lifetime. The three popular religions in
China, which are Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism greatly emphasized these ideal paths since
direct effect of following these paths would bring harmony and structure to the society.
Confucianism, a highly philosophical notion centered around the harmony in the society through the
utilization of morals and knowledge, introduced the Gentleman. The anti–Confucian reaction known
as Taoism, which places an strong emphasizes understanding the Elemental nature of the way
through passive nature and mystical communism with the dao introduced the Sage. The third
religion, Buddhism, particularly, the Mahayana sect introduced the Bodhivisattia pathway, which
highlights the importance of generosity and merit. Since these Taoism was built up the reaction of
the Confucian religion and Buddhism in reaction to both Confucianism and Taoism, there are many
differences in terms of prioritization either socially or spiritually, acquisition in the type and amount
of knowledge and the proper training ground in achieving the final, ideal state. However, these three
religions share a common ideology which is to bring out the good within society and within the
individual.
The ideology of the Confucian man can be perceived as The Master said, A gentleman in his
dealing with the world has

Odontogenic Cyst Research Paper
Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon developmental cyst of the jaw thought to arise
from remnants of the dental lamina. Fatih ASUTAY1,Jahanshah In 1987, Padayachee and Van Wyk
presented multilocular cystic lesions that were similar to botryoid odontogenic cysts and suggested
the name ''sialo–odontogenic cyst due to the presence of mucous cells and pools of mucin in the
epithelial lining, and due to the fact that mucous pools are often lined by eosinophilic cuboidal cells
which resemble salivary gland ducts Nigel Roque Figueiredo1 к≥Ismail Akkas A year later in 1988
Gardner et al. [2] reported eight other cases and called the lesions glandular odontogenic cysts
(GOCs) because there was a mucin structure in the cyst epithelium that ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There could be loss of cortical integrity too. к≥Ismail Akkas The histological features of GOC
strongly suggest an origin from the remains of dental lamina. The microscopic features are a cystic
cavity lined with non–keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium, localized plaque–like
thickenings of the epithelium, variable numbers of mucous–secreting cells in the surface layer of the
epithelium, a tendency to subepithelial fibrous tissue formation, multiple cysts and the absence of
inflammation. The superficial layer of the epithelium consists of eosinophilic cuboidal cells (which
are sometimes vacuolated) that makes the surface irregular Hц╘cio Henrique. Anuthama
Krishnamurthy The histologic features are therefore similar to those of lateral periodontal cyst
(LPC), botryoid odontogenic cysts (BOCs), radicular and residual cysts with mucous metaplasia,
and low–grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Thus, posing a challenge in making the diagnosis.
Amisha A. Shah Although GOC is encountered rarely it has been found to have an aggressive
potential, with a high incidence of cortical perforation, and a high rate of recurrence, especially in
cases which are treated conservatively. Amisha A.

Scheduling In Ant Colony
3.3 Scheduling in Ant Colony
CPU scheduling is the basis of multiprogrammed operating systems. By switching the CPU among
processes, the operating system can make the computer more productive.
In a single–processor system, only one process can run at a time; any others must wait until the CPU
is free and can be rescheduled. The objective of multiprogramming is to have some process running
at all times, to maximize CPU utilization. The idea is relatively simple. A process is executed until it
must wait, typically for the completion of some I/O request. In a simple computer system, the CPU
then just sits idle. All this waiting time is wasted; no useful work is accomplished. With
multiprogramming, we try to use this time productively. Several processes are kept in memory at
one time. When one process has to wait, the operating system takes the CPU away from that process
and gives the CPU to another process. This pattern continues. Every time one process has to wait,
another process can take over use of the CPU. Scheduling of this kind is a fundamental operating–
system function [18].
Scheduling problems play a central role in ACO research, and many different types of scheduling
problems have been attacked with ACO algorithms (see table 2 [1]) The performance, however,
varies across problems. For some problems, such as the single–machine total ... Show more content
The number of ants used for ACO is 100 and о│ = 0.7. Ten trials are done for every problem
instance with ACO and the average value of wait time of tasks and utilization of every processor are
obtained. For every problem instance, FCFS is run with the utilization matrix used by ACO
algorithm. The wait time of tasks and utilization of every processor are computed and compared
with that of ACO and the results are

The Operating System Linux
3. Linux
3.1 Introduction:
The operating system Linux is an open source version of UNIX [6]. In 1992 [8] Linus Torvalds,
who was a computer science student –at the University of Helsinki– [6], was the one who started
this operating system.
Linux is used on variety of hardware (e.g. on workstations, mid–and high–end servers and on
gadgets), which makes it unique [6]. Linux keeps maintaining its position in the market due to the
hard work of both employees and volunteers [6].
Previously, UNIX systems used batch jobs, which run a process until it is finished and then the next
process will run [8]. What UNIX used is known as non–preemptive scheduling [8]. After years,
preemptive scheduling was used to run processes in parallel by switching between them [8].
3.2 Scheduling Technique: Linux scheduler is based on Time–Sharing Scheduling technique [7],
which means It can effectively schedule tasks that have strict timing requirements. The CPU is
divided into small sections, which allows many process to run simultaneously [7]. Time–sharing
depends on timer interrupts [7].
3.2 Scheduling Priorities:
The priority ranges differ for real– time tasks and normal tasks in Linux scheduler [1]. In real–time
tasks: priorities vary from 0 to 99. In normal tasks: processes' priorities range from 100 to 139.
Processes who have higher priorities are numerically lower than others [1].
Normal tasks are appointed priorities based on their nice

Essay on Kristen's Cookies
Operations Management
Fall 2013
Kristen's Cookie Company September 26, 2013
Kristen and her roommate are preparing to launch Kristen's Cookie Company in their on–campus
apartment. The company will provide fresh cookies to hungry students late at night. Evaluation of
the preliminary design for the company's production process will be required in order to make key
policy decisions, including what prices to charge, what equipment to order and how many orders to
accept, and to determine whether the business can be profitable.
i) Identify the items, resources, and the tasks. Draw a process flow diagram for this process.
Items:
Cookie Ingredients
Cookie Dough
Baked Cookies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This would introduce inefficiency into the process and most likely impact receipt of future orders.
v) We need to consider business strategy: will the process capacity be higher if Kristen offers only
non–customized cookies of one type? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this alternative
strategy compared to what Kristen now plans?
The process capacity will not change in the short term if Kristen offers only non–customized
cookies. The case study makes it clear that the process that Kristen follows requires specific
amounts of time to be spent at each step. However, in the long term, Kristen's capacity will increase
as she becomes more adept at making the one type of cookie she has elected to make. This will
reduce the time required at some of the process steps (but not necessarily all) and ultimately
increase the output capacity her and her roommate are able to achieve.
Pros of non–customized cookies:
Time spent shopping will be reduced, as will overall variability in price of ingredients.
Kristen and her roommate will become more efficient due to standardization
They will become much better at making one type of cookie rather than many; total flow time will

Treaties Are A Common Thread Running Through The History
A treaty is a formal ratified agreement between two or more groups of people. Treaties have been
utilized as long as nations have existed.6 This is an agreement that settles disputes and foster a
relationship between the people involved. In Canada, treaties are a common thread running through
the history of the Indigenous–European relationship.2 Early treaties ensured a peaceful cross–
cultural interface, which led to a brief period of mutual economic growth.3 Unfortunately the
purpose of these treaties gradually shifted from establishing a peaceful relationship to securing
government control of Aboriginal land.4
Prior to European contact, there was a long and rich history of treaty–making among the
Aboriginal nations of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The issue of lands falls under section 35 of the constitution. First Nations were offered little or no
choice since they were weakened by poverty as a result from whiskey traders, epidemics which
almost wiped them off their country, and the shortage of food as buffalo herds almost became
extinct in the 1800.
As a result of the issues faced by First Nations, in 1876 the government of Canada decided to
implement a law known as the Indian act. The Indian Act categorized First Nations into status and
non–status Indians. Status Indians are descendants of First Nations who signed the treaties, non–
status Indians are descendants of First Nations who did not sign treaties.
The Indian Act empowered the Canadian government in controlling the lives of First Nations. First
Nations no longer had the freedom to be who they were, and they could not live wherever they
wanted. For instance, if a status Indian woman marries a non–status Indian man, she would stripped
off the government rights toward Indians and she would not be recognized as an Indian by the
crown.
In exchange of their land, First Nations received reserved land, and a payment from the government,
hunting, fishing, as well as mining rights. They also received promises from the Canadian
government that they would be given tools for farming, fishing and hunting. Despite that, these
promises were not often kept, crown land which was considered land that was bought continued to
be used by the

The Operating System ( Os )
The operating system (OS) has two view–points it provides services to:
1. User view
2. System view
User view: From user point of view operating system should be convenient and easy to use and
interact with. It should be better performance vice. Following are the two, some of important
services provided by the operating system that are designed for easy to use computer system.
a) Program Execution: The major purpose of the operating system is to allow the user to execute
programs easily. The operating system provides an environment where users can conveniently run
or execute programs and as well as able to end programs. Running programs involves memory
management (the allocation and de–allocation memory), device management, processor ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
sensors, motion detectors etc.). Almost all programs require some sort of input and produces output.
This involves the use of I/O operations. The operating system hides the low level hardware
communication for I/O operations from the user. User only specifies device and the operation to
perform, and only see that I/O has been performed (i.e. choosing one of the printer in office for
printing service). For security and efficiency, user level programs cannot control I/O operations.
Therefore, the operating system must facilitate these services.
System view: From a system point of view operating system should allocate resources (use system
hardware) in a fair and efficient manner. This includes algorithms for CPUs scheduling and avoiding
deadlocks etc. Following are two services for system hardware.
a) Resource Allocation: Modern computers are capable of running multiple programs and can be
used by multiple users at the same time. Resources allocation/management is the dynamic allocation
and de–allocation by the operating system of (hardware) including processors, memory pages, and
various types of bandwidth to the computation that compete for those resources. Operating system
kernel, in which all these functions, algorithms and services reside, is in charge of taking care of
resource allocation. The objective is to allocate resources so as to optimise responsiveness subject to
the finite resources available.

Nt1310 Unit 4
The output of LINE A will be
PARENT : value = 5
Because child only updates its copy of value. When the control returns to the parent, its value will
remain 5.
Short–term: main objective of short–term scheduler is to increase system performance. It is the
change of ready state to running state of the process.
Medium–term: it removes the processes from the memory, then reinstates them later to continue
running.
Long–term: primary objective of long term scheduler is to provide a balanced mix of jobs, such as
I/O bound and processor bound. It controls the degree of multiprogramming.
A primary difference is in the frequency of their execution. The short–term scheduler must select a
new process often. Long–term is used less often.
Answer: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How do they differ from those used when a process is created?
Answer: Thread does not require new resources to execute. Creating a process requires allocating a
process control block (PCB), a rather large data structure. The PCB includes a memory map, list of
open files, and environment variables. Allocating and managing the memory map is typically the
most time–consuming activity. Creating either a user or kernel thread involves allocating a small
data structure to hold a register set, stack, and priority.
Busy waiting is a technique in which a process repeatedly checks to see if a condition is true without
getting the processor time. While a process is in its critical section, any other process that tries to
enter its critical section must loop continuously to get the critical section. This will make the process
eat CPU (usually). That is just busy for waiting the processor time. Busy waiting cannot be avoided
altogether. High priority processes and time critical functions will actually use a busy waiting
algorithm with the expectation that the wait will be no longer than a few

Nt1330 Final Paper

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Nt1330 Final Paper

Similar to Nt1330 Final Paper (19)

More from Traci Webb

More from Traci Webb (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Nt1330 Final Paper