use of electronics in automobile

1. PALKAR OMKAR SANTOSH
TE MECHANICAL
ROLL NO 10ME032
Guided By
Prof. R.R.Mane

2. AUTRONICS IN A VIEW

3. INTRODUCTION
 AUTOTRONICS= AUTOMOBILE + ELECTRONICS
 first electronic part in an automobile was called an ECU
(Engine control unit)
 Analysts estimate that more than 80 percent of all automotive
innovation now stems from electronics

4. HISTORY:
 TIMELINE:
 1970’s: Introduction of electronics for engine controls
 1980’s: Anti-lock braking introduced
 Early 1990’s: Airbags become standard
 Late 1990’s: Rapid expansion of body electronics – seat motors (body
 Computers), instrument panel lighting, auto locking systems and
keyless entry
 Early 2000’s to date: infotainment, including sophisticated audio and
video ; Signals sent via satellite (such as the OnStar System); GPS and
mapping Capabilities; satellite radio
 Late 2000’s: Steer-by-wire, wireless connectivity

5.  This seminar describes automobile applications of
autotronics in following domains:
• Braking system
 Steering system
 Suspension system
 Transmission system
 Engine (fuel intake)

6. Braking system
 EBS increases traffic safety through
reduced stopping distance and improved
brake stability.
 Functions In ECB:
 Anti-lock braking system (ABS):
 Traction control system (TCS)
 Brake lining wear control

7.  ABS:
 ABS is an acronym for anti-lock braking system. First developed and
patented in 1936, ABS is actually derived from the German term "anti
blockier system."
 Anti-lock brakes are designed to prevent skidding and help drivers
maintain steering control during an emergency stopping situation
 Difference between ABS & Traction Control
 ABS
manage the grip of the tires for braking maneuver
 Traction Control
manage the grip of the tires for accelerating maneuver

8. STEERING SYSTEM
 The self-alignment estimation
control uses both the EPS sensor
information and internally
programmed EPS control
 Speed sensitive steering system:
Speed sensitive steering system
is used to control the power
steering pump pressure in relation to vehicle speed.
 Below 10mph (16km/h) the computer operates the steering
 This action reduces the steering effort during low speed maneuver and
parking.

9.  Electrically powered steering
uses an electric motor to drive
either the power steering
hydraulic pump or the steering
directly.
 steering sensor" is located
on the input shaft where
it enters the gearbox housing.
 An interface circuit that
same housing converts the
signals from the torque sensor and rotation sensor into signals.
 The vehicle motion estimation control uses the steering angular
velocity information internally programmed in the EPS system.
 This control helps improve yaw damping of the vehicle at higher speeds
on the road.
 Sensors
 Accelerating sensor ,displacement sensors, Steering wheel position

10. SUSPENSION SYSTEM
 suspension systems in most vehicles on the road today are passive.
 Shock absorbers help to dissipate the energy applied to the springs and
damp the oscillations .
 Active Roll Control Systems :
 Vehicles lean when cornering due to the weight transfer imposed by
lateral acceleration. Factors contributing to the roll angle of the vehicle
include vehicle height and suspension stiffness.
 ARC system uses hydraulic and electronic technology to the vehicle roll
angle in cornering, which improves handling.

11. The active roll control system contains
 Control module,
 Accelerometer,
 Speed sensor,
 Fluid reservoir,
 Electrohydraulic pump,
 Pressure control valve,
 Directional control valve,
 A hydraulic actuator in both the
front and rear stabilizer bars .

12. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 Mainly it controls the shifting process of the gears.
 Electronically controlled transmissions were introduced on BMW
products in 1986 on 5 and7 series vehicles.
 The TCM also adapts to changing conditions within the transmission
by monitoring slip ratios .
 The TCM controls the operation of the Lock-Up Torque Converter
which further increases economy
 ADVANTAGES:
 Increased fuel economy
 Improved shift comfort
 Increased driving safety

13. Electronic Fuel Injection
 EFI system electronically
meters the fuel so that the
exact amount needed is provided
to the engine.
 EFI uses to fuel to power the
engine by pumping it forcibly
by using high pressure through a
small nozzle or valve.
 A high-pressure fuel pump that produces high fuel
pressures (5 to 12 MPa)

14. ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL
 It automatically adjusts the
vehicle speed and distance to
that of a target vehicle.
 ACC uses a long range radar
sensor to detect a target
vehicle up to 200 meters in
front of vehicle.
 As per standard cruise control
the driver can override the system at any time.
 Another advantage of this system is that the driver will not exceed the
speed limit on the highway.

15. Airbags
 The air bag technology is based on electronic sensors that measure the
amount of quick deceleration through an accelerometer
 The new calculations will take into account the position of the seats, the use
of a seat belt and the weight of the occupants.

16. Latest research
 Active bumper system,
 active hood lift system,
 vehicle to vehicle communication
 Camber thrust in F 1 vehicles
 Global Positioning System
 Rain sensing wipers
 Adaptive light system

17. CONCLUSION
 we briefly presented current and future vehicular
electronics system
 an approach that uses modern technique to solve most of
the local vehicular problems.
 the automobile industry and will likely continue as people
always want and expect more from their cars.