This document discusses mental health and mental illness. It defines mental health as a state of well-being involving realizing one's abilities, coping with stress, working productively, and contributing to the community. Components of mental health include accepting oneself, relating well to others, and fulfilling life tasks. Mental illness is characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior that impair functioning and cause personal distress. The document provides definitions of mental health from the WHO and other sources and lists characteristics of mentally healthy and mentally ill individuals.

1. UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION

2. Learning objectives
 Describe the historical development &
current trends in mental health nursing
 Explain the epidemiology of mental health
problems
 Describe the national mental health
program and national health policy
 Discuss the scope of mental health nursing
 Elaborate the concept of normal and
abnormal behaviour.

3. What is Mental Health???

4. CONCEPT OF MENTAL HEALTH
Balance between the individual and the
surrounding world

5. State of harmony between oneself and
others

6. Co-existence between the realities of the self
& that of other people and the
environment

7. Definition
 Mental health is a state of well-being in
which an individual realizes his or her own
abilities, can cope with the normal stresses
of life, can work productively and is able to
make a contribution to his or her
community
- WHO

8.  An adjustment of human beings to the
world and to each other with a maximum
of effectiveness and happiness.
- Karl Menninger (1947)
 Simultaneous success at working, loving
and creating with the capacity for mature
and flexible resolution of conflicts between
instincts, conscience, important other
people and reality.
- APA (1980)

9. COMPONENTS OF MENTAL HEALTH
The ability to accept self
The capacity to feel right towards
others
The ability to fulfill life's tasks

10. CRITERIAS FOR MENTAL HEALTH
Adequate
contact with
reality
Control of
thoughts and
imagination
Efficiency in
work and play
Social
acceptance
Positive self-
concept
A healthy
emotional life

11. JAHODA’S INDICATORS OF MENTAL
HEALTH (1958)
A positive attitude towards self

12. Growth, development and the ability for self
actualization

13. Integration

14. Autonomy

15. Perception of reality

16. Environmental mastery

17. 7 Signs of mental health
 Happiness
 Control over behaviour
 Appraisal of reality
 Effectiveness in work
 Healthy self concept
 Satisfying relationships
 Effective coping strategies

18.  Ability to make adjustments.
 Sense : 1) Personal worth and importance,
2) Personal security,
3) Responsibility
 Solves his problems largely by his own
effort & makes his own decisions.
 Can give and accept love.
 Lives in a world of reality rather than
fantasy.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MENTALLY HEALTHY PERSON

19. CHARACTERISTICS OF MENTALLY HEALTHY
PERSON
 Shows emotional maturity in his behavior, &
develops a capacity to tolerate frustration &
disappointments in his daily life
 Developed a philosophy of life that gives
meaning and purpose to his daily
activities.
 Variety of interests and generally lives a
well-balanced life of work, rest and
recreation.

22. MENTAL ILLNESS
Definition
 Mental and behavioral disorders are
understood as clinically significant
conditions characterized by alterations in
thinking, mood or behavior associated
with personal distress and/or impaired
functioning. (WHO, 2001)

24. Characteristics of Mental Illness
 Changes in one's thinking, memory,
perception, feeling and judgment resulting in
changes in talk and behavior which appear to
be deviant from previous personality or from
the norms of community
 These changes in behavior cause distress and
suffering to the individual or others or both
 Changes and the consequent distress cause
disturbance in day-to-day activities, work
and relationship with important others.