2 Summary of 'Regional Urbanization and the End of the Metropolis Era' - Edward W. Soja Student`s Name Institutional Affiliation Submission Date The author asserts that for the last three decades there has been a distinct shift in mode of urbanization process from the traditional metropolitan urbanization process to what the author refers to as regional urbanization process. In metropolitan urbanization process, developments were only concentrated in the city centers which led to high populations in the city and the areas around. Conversely, in regional urbanization, new companies are emerging even in the suburbs thus, developments are not limited to the city which is the reason there are new upcoming cities. Initially, industries and most of the government offices were concentrated only in the major cities. The presence of industries led to the immigration of very many people looking for employment from the suburbs to the areas around the city that led to high population in the cities centers. The development of metropolitan urbanization in the late nineteenth century helped to reduce the population in the city center as it came up with regularities that demanded some of the activities and residential in the city center be moved to the periphery. Keynesian and Fordism policies also contributed to the urban renewal procedures. The policies advocated for the development of the central business districts, thus, some people from the cities were forced to move to the peripheral so as to create room for developments. Some of the factors that contributed to regional urbanization include the globalization of labor and capital, the government policies to restructure the economy and the emergence of information and communication technology. Globalization of labor led to increased immigration thus contributing to the development of neoliberal towns. The government came up with stringent measures that encouraged decentralization of industries from the city centers to enhance nationwide development. Regional development brings about diversified national development. However, it is associated with various negative impacts which include: pressure on limited facilities and social amenities available in the suburbs, it is the increased distributed environmental pollution. The author asserts that the regional urbanization is now open for recognition by everybody as most of the so-called suburbs in the past are now big cities; moreover, the facilities that were associated with the cities before are also available in the suburbs. He gives an example of an instance when the United Nations decision to collect data based on city region rather than on metropolitan region. In my opinion, advanced technology has contributed a lot to the development of city regions. It is now possible for a company to run different branches with one centralized department. The advanced technology encouraged the companies to set up transactional corporations in the su ...

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Summary of 'Regional Urbanization and the End of the
Metropolis Era' - Edward W. Soja
Student`s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Submission Date
The author asserts that for the last three decades there has been
a distinct shift in mode of urbanization process from the
traditional metropolitan urbanization process to what the author
refers to as regional urbanization process. In metropolitan
urbanization process, developments were only concentrated in
the city centers which led to high populations in the city and the
areas around. Conversely, in regional urbanization, new
companies are emerging even in the suburbs thus, developments
are not limited to the city which is the reason there are new
upcoming cities.
Initially, industries and most of the government offices were
concentrated only in the major cities. The presence of industries
led to the immigration of very many people looking for
employment from the suburbs to the areas around the city that
led to high population in the cities centers. The development of
metropolitan urbanization in the late nineteenth century helped
to reduce the population in the city center as it came up with
regularities that demanded some of the activities and residential
in the city center be moved to the periphery. Keynesian and
Fordism policies also contributed to the urban renewal

2. procedures. The policies advocated for the development of the
central business districts, thus, some people from the cities
were forced to move to the peripheral so as to create room for
developments.
Some of the factors that contributed to regional urbanization
include the globalization of labor and capital, the government
policies to restructure the economy and the emergence of
information and communication technology. Globalization of
labor led to increased immigration thus contributing to the
development of neoliberal towns. The government came up with
stringent measures that encouraged decentralization of
industries from the city centers to enhance nationwide
development.
Regional development brings about diversified national
development. However, it is associated with various negative
impacts which include: pressure on limited facilities and social
amenities available in the suburbs, it is the increased distributed
environmental pollution. The author asserts that the regional
urbanization is now open for recognition by everybody as most
of the so-called suburbs in the past are now big cities;
moreover, the facilities that were associated with the cities
before are also available in the suburbs. He gives an example of
an instance when the United Nations decision to collect data
based on city region rather than on metropolitan region.
In my opinion, advanced technology has contributed a lot to the
development of city regions. It is now possible for a company to
run different branches with one centralized department. The
advanced technology encouraged the companies to set up
transactional corporations in the suburbs where labor is cheaper
and readily available. The corporations lead to the growth of the

3. economy in the regions as the thus emergence of new cities. The
life in the suburb towns, therefore, change drastically and with
no time a new city is established. People move from the city
centers to the newly established modern cities as life there is
better due to the modern facilities available.
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