pakistan railway

2. Name : Roll no
 Syed Shakeeb sabir 523
 Danish Gulzar 563
 Usman Parvaiz 515
 Muhammad Jamal 550
 Ahmad Raza 582

3. Table of contents .
1. History…………………………1-2
2. Impotant railway routes……….2-6
3. Problems of Pakistan
Railway………………………..6-8
4 . Factors of Pakistan
Railway crisis………………..9-10
5 . Suggestions for
Improvement………………….10-12
6 . Conclusion ……………………12
7 . Comparison …………………13-15
8 . Bibliography………………… 16

4. Pakistan Railway crisis
and Its Solutions .
HISTORY.
Among the means of transportation railways are the cheapest and safest mode for
passengers and goods. It also helps in growth of economy for the country. A plan
for a rail system in Pakistan was first proposed in 1858.A survey for railway
line was initiated by Commissioner of Sindh ,Sir Henry Edward Fere in 1858. It
was proposed that a railway line from Karachi City to Kotri, steam navigation
from the Indus /Chenab up to Multan and from there another railway
to Lahore and beyond be constructed. Thus, it was on 13th May, 1861 that first
railway line was opened for public traffic between Karachi City and Kotri, the
distance of 105 miles.
 The line between Karachi City and Kemari was opened in
1889 and by 1897 the line from Kemari to Kotri was doubled.

5.  In Pakistan, train were the primary mode of transport until the
1970s, but since then their share has declined due to a shift in
government focus from rail to road transport.
From 2005 to 2010, budgetary expenditure on railways was only
Rs45.5bn compared to Rs155bn on the national highways.The total
length of railway tracks in Pakistan is 5,072 miles (8,163 km).
Important railway routes
and details of passenger train
and freight in Pakistan are
following :
Peshawar-Karachi via Rawalpindi- Lahore
Karachi to Quetta via Kotri, Larkana and Jacobabad
Quetta to Zahidan
Rohri to Quetta
Multan to Jacobabad via Dera Ghazi Khan
Quetta-Zhob

6. Passenger Train.
Passenger traffic comprises 50% of the total revenue annually. Pakistan
Railways carries 65 million passengers annually. Daily, Pakistan Railway carries
an average of 178,000 people. Pakistan Railways also operate special trains on
some special occasions .
Freight.
The Freight Business Unit, with 12,000 personnel, operates over 200 freight
stations on the railway network. The Unit serves the Ports of Karachi and Bin
Qasim as well as all four provinces of the country and generates revenue from
the movement of agricultural, industrial and imported products such as petroleum
oil & lubricants , wheat, coal, fertilizer, cement and sugar. About 39% of the

7. revenue is generated from the transportation of Petrolium Oil and Lubricant
products, 19% from imported wheat, fertilizer and rock phosphate. The remaining
42% is earned from domestic traffic.
The Freight Business Unit offers services to meet customer requirements
and reduce costs through efficiency, innovation and modernization.

8. A year 1900 view of the Karachi-Kemari Train.
Lahore Railway Station (stands as it was built by the British)

9. The Steam Engine finally resting outside Lahore Railway Station.
 Problems of Pakistan
Railway.
Pakistan Railway is facing losses due to:
 Mismanagement
 poor maintenance
 weak ticket checks that allow people to get away with not paying for
their tickets.

10.  There have also been political interventions in decision-making about
which new routes to open.
 Pakistan Railway is not allowed to charge a market-clearing price.
 Fares have always been dictated by the federal government.
According to the National Disaster Management Authority,
 The heavy floods have caused a loss of Rs.6.7 billion to the railway
network as several hundred kilometers of lines were washed away.
 Out of 522 total engines only 220 are in working order, out of
which 100 are in poor condition. .
 The addition into problems of railways began in January 2011 when a
cheque for Rs700 million issued by Pakistan Railways to Pakistan
State Oil was not honored. The PSO subsequently stopped the
supply of fuel to Railways.
 Their are not enough funds for payment to PSO for high speed
diesel to keep all freight trains running.

11.  The Railways have also not received a single penny from the Rs11.1
billion package recently approved by the cabinet.
 If people wants to obtain urgent ticket reservations, they will not
get the empty place in any train, and even on our major holidays
i.e Eid- ul -Fitr, Eid- ul- Azha and Independence day if you want to
travel then you must have an advance booking at least fifteen days or
more.
 Poor people wait for the trains many many hours more then ten hours
and sometime fifteen to twenty hours.
 The trains, tracks and machinery are outdated or faulty.
 Delay in funds to Railways is the root cause of the crisis.
 why their is no accountability? , where the
earnings of this organization are going,
who is taking the compensation of this
organization?

12. Factors of Pakistan Railway crisis:
 Some of the major reasons/causes/factors
of the Pakistan railway problems are as
under :
 The political interference
 Nepotisms corruption
 Poor maintenance of tracks & bridges
 Mismanagement in almost every field
 Railways needed Rs2.2 billion to pay the salaries and pension to its
protesting employees but the government has not released enough money to
overpower the deep financial crisis.

13.  Pakistan Railways is sinking in the sea of corruption as no serious efforts
are being made to eradicate it from this department.
Followings are some of the
suggestions to improve the condition
for railway system of Pakistan:
 First of all government should eradicate corruption in railways sector.
Corruption is the main reason that is destroying many sectors of Pakistani
society.
 Pakistan Railways should be privatized. This is also the possible solution
of problem because currently government of Pakistan has to bear the huge
losses monthly. Other benefits of privatization of Pakistan Railways
include the increase in service quality and expansion of Railways because
government has nothing to invest in PR.
 Government should ask Chinese for help in order to make it profitable
organization because China has made wonderful progress in railway

14. industry. As China did in several other sectors including coal and nuclear
power generation and manufacture of automobiles it has granted access to
its enormous market by insisting on the transfer of technology. It has
managed to develop its railway industry to the point at which it was able
to out-compete the established systems in Europe and North America in
winning the contract to build a high speed line
connecting Mecca with Medina.
 India is also making impressive strides in the railway sector. The
underground system in Delhi has won the admiration of many foreign
experts for its engineering as well as management. The inter-city system
is being modernized in terms of both the quality of service on offer as well
as the new equipment being used. The Indian and Chinese systems are by
far the largest in the world and the two countries as a result of the
advances they are making will come to dominate the world railway industry
and business. Pakistan being a neighbor of these two rapidly growing and
giant economies could benefit enormously from the development of the two
systems.

15.  Pakistan is blessed with coal reserves and a single Thar coal reserve of
Sindh is about 850 Trillion Cubic feet which is more than oil reserves of
KSA and Iran put together i.e. 375 billion barrels.
 The situation may not change unless corrupt high-ups are removed,
suspended and dismissed from the services.
 The monopoly of this firm is an obstacle in the free trade of different
goods. PakistanRailways should create competitive atmosphere to provide
the customers with more facilities.
Conclusion :
In conclusion, the best solution of this problem is the privatization of Pakistan
Railway. We can take the example of PTCL; before privatization PTCL's
monthly losses were in billions. Today it is not only a profitable organization but
also providing excellent services to the customers. Corruption in Pakistan
Railways can only be removed by privatization of Pakistan Railways.

16. Comparison of Public and
Private Transportation.
Every day, people must decide whether they'll take their personal
vehicles or public transportation to get where they're going. Each of
these options offers pros and cons and can work well for different
situations, although you may be limited on the use of public
transportation depending on where you live. It's up to you to decide
which best serves your transportation needs at any given time.
 Cost :
Private transportation by far is the more expensive option. The biggest cost of
owning your own vehicle is the purchase price. Additionally, general maintenance
such as oil changes, filling the gas tank and auto insurance are ongoing cost of
owing a car . When choosing public transportation, you pay per ride and the fee is
usually quite small, plus you eliminate the maintenance and operating costs
associated with having a car .

17.  Convenience :
Public transportation, such as buses and trains, operates on a set schedule with
specific stops, so convenience may be an issue, especially if you live in a place
with infrequent or spotty service. You need to take the schedule into account
when planning your travel. If you choose to take your own vehicle, you're able to
come and go as you please .
 Pollution and Emissions :
One of the bigger causes for pollution, especially in larger cities, is emissions
from vehicles. The more people who take their own vehicles, the higher the
level of pollution will be, and conversely, if more people take public
transportation, the total level of emissions will be reduced, therefore reducing
pollution.
 Comfort :
Many people feel they'll be more comfortable in their private vehicle. In your
car, you're be able to adjust the seat for the highest level of comfort and you

18. can control of the temperature within your car. However, the stress of driving in
traffic can make public transportation seem more comfortable. When taking public
transportation, you can sit back and relax without worrying about traffic
congestion, finding a parking space or dealing with other drivers.

19. B i b l i o g r a p h y :
For successful completion of this project we have utilize different
available resources, from which wehave obtain required data. These
resources lie in both digital and analog form. Most of the information
isobtain from Internet, while a visit to company is also made to get further
information. We are thankful tocompany management who had welcome and
cooperate with us. Resources which are consulted discussed below
Resources :
 Company Annual Reports
 Magazine Business Economist
 www.Google.com