Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis

Causes of the Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was one of the most pressured filled moments in the history of the United States. Furthermore, the actins that took place that
day would have not have just effected the United States and the Soviet Union but the entire war. The U.S. and Soviet Union the resident two
superpowers of the time were on the verge of all out nuclear war. That potential war would have murdered tens of thousands of people within the first
couple days. Furthermore, the nuclear fallout from a war of that magnitude would hurt many generations to come. The fallout from the war would have
major lasting effects for years to come. Thankfully, the actions taken that day by both theUnited States and Soviet Union were not disastrous. The
actions taken that day resulted in a peaceful resolution that saw both countries; lessen their threat towards each other. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a
moment of great pressures but the question is why did it ever come to that. The crisis did not just occur there were reasons for why that event took
place. Ultimately the Cuban Missile Crisis occurred because of the Manhattan Engineering Department (MED), Mutual Assured Deterrence (MAD),
Missile Gap, Strategic Air Command (SAC), and the Bay of Pigs. These five entities were necessary for the Cuban Missile Crisis to be necessary.
The Manhattan Engineering Department (MED) also known as the Manhattan Project has had a huge impact on why the Missile Crisis occurred. MED
was commissioned to see if the
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The Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis In the fall of 1962, the world sat on edge for thirteen days as the prospect of a nuclear war between the United States and
The Soviet Union became more and more legitimate. In October of 1962, an American spy plane discovered nuclear missile launch sites being built by
the Soviet Union in Cuba, which rests only ninety miles south of Florida. The US went on to impose a naval blockade of Cuba, making sure that no
more nuclear weapons were imported into Havana (Lebow 2000). President John F. Kennedy was tasked with the duty to remove the nuclear missiles
from Cuba while preventing a catastrophic and deadly nuclear war. Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union, longed to be seen as the
powerful and authoritative figure that would be able bring the Soviet Union to equal levels of political, military, and social prominence as the United
States. Ultimately, Khrushchev sought to maintain his political and military power and influence, and not backing down from the all–powerful United
States and John F. Kennedy demonstrated to his colleagues that he meant business. Similarly, President Kennedy was seeking re–election in November
of 1962, only a month after the rising tensions. In order to be re–elected, Kennedy recognized his need to make up for the failures of the Bay of Pigs
and the Vienna Summit and Kennedy became eager to improve his current poor reputation and show the world, and more importantly US voters, his
strong–willed resolve. (Lebow

Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis
Missiles in Cuba Build Tensions Between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.
It was almost the start of a nuclear war, or what would be World War III. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a major event during the Cold War. It
brought the citizens of the U.S. to the edge of their seats because, like the flip of a switch, their world could be turned upside down. John F. Kennedy
and Nikita Khrushchev were fighting for their beliefs and the safety of their own country. It was once said that this event is when, "the Cold War got
hot". The Cuban Missile Crisis was the most significant in causing the most tensions because it was the closest to home the Cold War had gotten and it
deeply impacted the citizens.
The Soviet Union placed missiles in Cuba which is only ninety

The Cuban Missile Crisis
The world was at the edge of a third world war. This was the result of a variety of things: the Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion,
US anti–communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cuba's fear of invasion all made causes for war. However, war was not the result due to
great cooperation from both President Kennedy and President Khrushchev and each of the decisions made by the leaders was crucial in the outcome of
The Crisis. Kennedy's choice to take action by means of quarantine instead of air–strike and Khrushchev's decision to abide by the quarantines were
perhaps the two most significant decisions made by the leaders in order to prevent war. The Cuban Missile Crisis showed the ... Show more content on
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The Americans thought this would work because a similar plan was executed in Guatemala that was a terrific success. However, the Americans had
miscalculated and the failure of the invasion was humiliating. Castro was much more popular than the CIA had thought, and an army American
sponsored attack would actually enrage most Cubans, at the same time improving the position of the leader, Castro. Even anti–Castro habanero's in
Cuba would defend Cuba out of nationalistic pride. This, the Americans had all misjudged. The Bay of Pigs invasion had been drawn up by
President Eisenhower, but John.F.Kennedy approved the CIA plan soon after taking control. "The thought of this pleasant land becoming
"Stalinist" disturbed [Kennedy], like seeing a treasured childhood retreat decay into tawdry slumdom overrun by rowdy toughs."4 On April 17,
1400 members of Cuban exiles came from Nicaragua. They landed in the Bay of Pigs, were discovered my local milita and were forced to open
fire. The crucial tactic for America was the element of surprise, and that was now gone. Fidel had actually learnt of the invasion at 3:15am that day
and prepared an army and rounded up CIA agents and journalists. By the 18th, just the next day, the invasion was doomed. The brigade pleaded with
Kennedy for aerial support but he declined. Defeat of the Americans came on the 19th, with 1,100 prisoners left in Cuba. The Bay of Pigs invasion
was a

The United States was already weary of the Soviets and mistrusted the intentions of the USSR. A well–honed policy of maskirovka (the Russian word
for what the CIA calls denial and deception tactics, or D&D) ensures that the Soviet intentions and strategies are well cloaked. This was true during the
Cuban Missile Crisis. By the time Kennedy got the intelligence reports showing the reconnaissance photographs from the Soviet installations in Cuba,
the President publically "proclaimed that any nuclear missile attack from Cuba would be regarded as an attack by the Soviet Union and would be
responded to accordingly," ("Revelations from the Russian Archives," 2010). The threat was taken seriously.
Kennedy did not think too deeply about how Castro might respond, even in the wake of the Bay of Pigs invasion. To act out of fear of Castro's wrath
would have meant pandering to the Soviets, because Nikita Khrushchev "presented the scheme as a means of protecting Cuba from another United
States–sponsored invasion." Khrushchev understood brilliantly the art of maskirovka. The CIA admits, "Russian military texts indicate that
maskirovka is treated as an operational art to be polished by professors of military science and officers who specialize in this area." Knowing this,
President Kennedy "also imposed a naval quarantine on Cuba to prevent further Soviet shipments of offensive military weapons from arriving there."
The Soviet perception of the American threat was different. The top

The world was at the brink of a third world war, which would be the war of all wars. Events leading up to this potential catastrophic war was the
Cuban Revolution, the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, US anti–communism, insecurity of the Soviet Union, and Cuba's fear of invasion. Thankfully,
the conflict was avoided due to great cooperation from both President John F. Kennedy of the United States andSoviet Union leader, Nikita
Khrushchev. Each decision made by each leader was vital in the outcome of The Crisis. Kennedy's choice to take action by methods of quarantine
instead of air strike and Khrushchev's decision to follow the quarantines were the two key decisions made by the leaders in order to prevent war. The
Cuban Missile Crisis showed the world that compromising and discussion could prevent war. The Cuban Revolution was a background cause to the
crisis. On January 1st, 1959, a Marxist government in Cuba would have seemed doubtful. To the communist party in Cuba, Fidel seemed reckless and
predictable. In 1943 President Batista added communist to his Cabinet, who was used as the leader of his labor unions. Batista soon began to
disappoint the Cuban communists and their loyalties shifted towards Castro. On December 1st, 1961 Castro claimed himself a Marxist and claimed
he had always been a activist. Most Cubans admired Castro, supported his government, and accepted his actions. He preached about having the drive to
help the poor and said he would

Tuban Missile Crisis
It's hard to think that the press of a button by any world leader at any moment. You and everyone you knew would would disappear without any notice.
Each country had their own nuclear weapons during the cold war and knew they could destroy each other but during the cuban missile crisis this was
the closet both countries came to having an all out nuclear war. Destruction was feared the most for the 13 days it took place. After the failed attempt at
attacking cuba known as the bay of pigs, cuba asked for help from the ussr and they happily agreed. They secretly set up nuclear missiles in cuba to
protect cuba and the soviet union took it as an advantage.
On october 14, 1962 a U–2 spy plane was flying over Cuba and discovered a medium range missile being assembled. It was photographed ... Show
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Kennedy also demanded a withdrawal of all the soviet missiles on cuba. This danger was a serious threat because the soviet leader Nikita
Khrushchev said that they would not send offensive weapons to cuba after the Bay of pigs and this made it clear that he was lying. Kennedy
knew the gravest dangers were at hand and was shocked to find this out. It was such a danger because Cuba was only 90 miles away from Florida,
this would be an advantage for the soviet union. He responded with a naval blockade surrounding Cuba. This is technically an act of war so they
only stopped the missile carrying ships, the Soviet union was very mad so he wrote a letter to Kennedy "The violation of freedom to use international
waters and international airspace is an act of aggression which pushes mankind toward the abyss of world nuclear missile war" It was a very tense
time where both leaders were ready to launch an attack. With Kennedy demanding the removal of the missiles the soviet union would not budge.
Another

"I know there is a God––and I see a storm coming; If he has a place for me, I believe I am ready," is the Abraham Lincoln quote, written on a slip of
paper, that President John F. Kennedy kept in his pocket (Dobbs 14). And if ever there was a storm coming, it was evident to Kennedy the morning of
October 16, 1962: the date Kennedy was made aware of Soviet missiles in Cuba. This was the testing ground, the closest the world has ever been to
nuclear war, the Cuban Missile Crisis, 16–28 October, 1962. The future for millions of lives depended upon the ability of United States President John
F. Kennedy and Russian Premier Nikita Khrushchev to reach an agreement in which both did not lose face, and more importantly, the world survived. ...
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In fact, most Cubans resented the intervention by the United States in Cuban affairs, and it was this resentment that triggered Castro's supporters to
increase in large numbers. With a confirmed rule over Cuba, Castro declared the island a Communist nation (Nathan 55). The relationship between
Castro and Khrushchev was cemented between 1959–1962 as the Soviets gained Castro's trust by buying Cuban sugar crops two years in advance, as
well as accepting trade and economic assistance (Nathan 38). The Soviet surface to air missiles (SAMs) began being shipped to Cuba in the spring of
1962, in response to the U.S. Jupiter missiles placed in Turkey (Nathan 75). Eventually, the two nations would sign the Russia–Cuba Pact in August,
1962, and the shipment of Soviet medium–range ballistic missiles (MRBMs) began (Nathan xxiv). "Fidel Castro accepted the Russian arguments that
Cuba needed to accept missiles for its self–defense. Castro did not accept the logic but, as a member of the Soviet Bloc, felt Cuba had a duty to
sustain socialism....(Nathan 76)." The crisis began when the United States discovered the existence of offensive Soviet Intercontinental Ballistic
Missiles (ICBMs), nuclear capable, barely 90 miles from the southern coast of Florida, in Cuba. U–2 spy plane reconnaissance missions over Cuba
captured the evidence on film. The initial evidence was gathered days prior to the 16th,

The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay
Thirteen days in October of 1962 changed the course of the World in the nuclear age forever. The Cuban Missile Crisis represents the closest brink of
mutual nuclear destruction the World has ever been close to reaching. The leadership in place throughout the crisis is critical to the story of the Cuban
Missile Crisis. Three men dominated the nations involved in the crisis and captivated citizens of all corners of the world. President John Fitzgerald
Kennedy of the United States, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, and Cuban Dictator Fidel Castro dominated the airwaves and news circuits leading
up to the infamous crisis, which put the three leaders and nations in a cold silence of misperceptions, miscommunications, and unprecedented ... Show
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Each meeting among the Executive Committee members was essential to the case and had a great impact on the final outcome. President Kennedy
deliberately composed the group of men with various positions and alternate viewpoints. The President's intended to receive as many options and
counter–arguments as possible before making a catastrophically uninformed decision again, referring to the Bay of Pigs debacle. Instead of a public
relations defeat and loss of life among Cuban exiles, complete nuclear annihilation was on the table, which upped the ante of this decision enormously.
President Kennedy relied heavily on the opinions of his brother Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy and Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara,
whom adamantly supported the blockade option of which President Kennedy ultimately aligned with.
Without the precise and cautious actions of President Kennedy the World as we know it today may not exist. One of the many ironies of the crisis is
how uninformed the public was of the boiling situation, until the President addressed the nation on the night of October 22nd. America watched as
President Kennedy spoke sternly yet eloquently about the possible days ahead, publicly warning the Soviet and Cuban leaders of the retaliations that
would inevitably follow if not resolved properly. United States Foreign Policy thrived at that very moment because of the monumental effect the
President's words had on the entire

Explanation: Like what it is said. North Korea can and will be a threat, and we need to keep a close watch on them before it is too late. Everybody
needs to be ready. Kim Jong Un looks like an innocent man but behind closed doors, that is where he is most dangerous. He can be planning and
preparing an attack that nobody even know.
Topic Sentence: The Cuban missile was a crazy time. It happened some fifty years ago when John F. Kennedy was president. It was when one of U.S.
spy plane caught Soviet Union trying to sneak some nuclear missiles into Cuba that was ninety miles off the United States' coast. Soon enough
president Kennedy had to talk to one of their leaders about what are they doing with the missiles and if they do not remove it ... Show more content on
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Topic Sentence: the other reason to why not all nations have access to nuclear weapons, is because there are some countries that we know a little or
not at all about what they are doing with the nuclear weapons. Like in Iran, we do not know if they are making more nuclear weapons or using it for
medical purposes. Iran sixth president Mahmound Ahmadinejad, said that his country has been a member of International Atomic Energy Agency for
over thirty three years now. Ahmadinejad said that the by law all agency guarantees him to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes only, but
everybody knows that nuclear energy can be used the wrong way also. For what it seems, there are possibilities that there are ways to make nuclear
energy into bombs or just weapons of mass destruction.
Evidence: This is why we should worry about Iran's missiles. Just last fall Washington and European capital been involved in a long time bout with
Iran nuclear diplomacy. In Washington, they hope that there hopes will run high and the effort will help the threat posed by Tehran's atomic
ambitions. The diplomatic deal is not only to limit Iran's capability to build nuclear weapons but to also deliver to them. United states thinks that Iran
is not really a threat to us but according to U.S. intelligence assessments, Iran already have the most powerful missile in the Middle East. They also
have ballistic missiles that can be a

Effects Of The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a military and political confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union lasting thirteen days. It began on
October 16 and ended on October 28, 1962. Throughout the entirety of the Cold War, no event brought these two super powered nations closer to
nuclear war than the events that transpired during these thirteen days. During this time, William Roof was stationed at Fort Bragg in North Carolina as
a soldier in the United States Army. The constant pressure by both nations on each other caused high tension for everyone involved, which affected
even the soldiers going about their everyday lives.
The first nation to make a move in this particular war was the United States. In order to place pressure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The high tension, life threatening, and nearly war starting negotiations between the two leaders showed the clear flaws between the two nation's
communications with each other. This was shortly amended by the creation of the Moscow–Washington hotline, allowing for quick and frequent
communication between the two nations. This hotline allowed the relations between the two superpowers to vastly improve over the course of the rest
of the Cold War and prevented such an event as the Cuban Missile Crisis from ever occurring again. Bill summed up the Cuban Missile Crisis in an
excellent way by stating, "It was almost the dumbest way to blow up all of humanity. The Soviets and us just pointed big guns at each other till
everyone got scared, and if either country would have shot those big guns the world wouldn't have ever been the same again. You can't get two super
powered countries firing nukes at each other and expect the world not to change, and I think both Khrushchev and Kennedy realized that and did
everything they could to stop it, and thank God they

In 1962 nuclear war seemed inevitable to the world, it was the first time nuclear war was hanging on a thread. The Cuban Missile Crisis presented a
threat to the world, in which the USSR planted nuclear missiles on Cuba. America's response was to threaten launching nuclear missiles at the
Russians. This incident launched the world into a new time, which presented nuclear weapons as a source of power.
The incident of the Cuban Missile Crisis still connects with us today because the power nuclear weapons present, which provides incentives for
countries to want them. Although nuclear technology was around prior to this incident, the power they represented didn't fully develop till this time.
Since the crisis five new countries have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reason this stance can and is sometimes taken is because the entire crisis began with nuclear weapons and nearly ended everything with them as
well. America placed Jupiter Missiles with nuclear capabilities in Turkey and Italy, as part of NATO'scold war deterrent against the soviets. This is
what many people say started the tensions, we placed Nukes at their doorstep, thusly Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet Premier feared the imbalance of
power would prompt America to strike first. While this psychological fear of Khrushchevs is a piece to the puzzle, many other things factor into the
eventual crisis. The economic dealings between the Soviets and Cuba, already gave Khrushchev a footing near America in which he could fix the
imbalance of power. But the only reason the USSR and Cuba began dealing with each other is because America cut off 80% of its exports, creating
economic tensions in Cuba. While those are 2 places people point the blame for the start of the crisis, a final nail in the coffin could also be blamed.
The political ideology John F. Kennedy which feared the spreading of nuclear technology to new nations; he did claim that the U.S. lagged behind the
Soviets in nuclear capabilities during his campaign. JFK knew as well as Khrushchev did that this was false, but the general thought could only
procure more reason for Khrushchev to plant missiles near America. If America believed they lagged behind

Traumatic Cuban Missile Crisis
Over the course of this paper, we will take a comprehensive look at information regarding the United States' and Russia's traumatic Cuban Missile
Crisis. First, we will review the actions the United States and Russia took that enable the Cuban Missile Crisis to come to fruition. Second, we will
highlight the actions that each nation took during the heighten alert state to protect each country's interest. Next, the international negotiations that
ultimately led to the movement of each country's missiles and de–escalation of the situation. Now, the Cuban Missile Crisis is an event that showcases
how superpower nations that maintain a prideful nationalistic idea can bring the world to the brink of destruction due to their consistent political ...
However, the United States and Russia both appear to stand steadfast due to a fear of showing weakness. However, eventually egos are set aside, and
cooler heads prevail allowing the two nations to begin talks of de–escalating the situation. Now, each country is ready with a set of specific demands
for the other government to agree upon to allow negotiations to succeed. For instance, the Russian Prime Minister demands that the United States agree
not to invade Cuba after the Russian troops and supplies pull back from the island (History.com Staff, 2009). Also, the United States President requires
that all Russian ballistic missiles return to their garrison base. Now, both countries agree to the initial terms with little hesitation. However, later on, the
Russian Prime Minister asks for an additional condition of the United States; the Russian Prime Minister asks for all missiles that currently reside in
Turkey go back to the United States (Scott & Smith, 1994, p.669). Consequently, President Kennedy obliged to the request leading to a de–escalation of
the situation. Furthermore, the break of an all–out nuclear war aids in opening a new streamlined form of communications between the two nations to
enable prompt dialogs. Now, that there is a substantial explanation of international negotiations that leads to the movement of each country's missiles
and de–escalation of the tensions,

The Crusades And The Cuban Missile Crisis
"For, in the final analysis, our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this small planet. We all breathe the same air. We all cherish our
children's future. And we are all mortal" ("Nuclear Test Ban Treaty"). These words were said by John F. Kennedy in June 1963, when there were
signs of lessening tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, and signed the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which forbid nuclear
weapon tests or other nuclear explosions under water, in the atmosphere, or in irradiated outer space. It allowed underground nuclear tests as long "as
no radioactive debris falls outside the boundaries of the nation conducting the test" ("Nuclear Test Ban Treaty"), and pledged the signatories to work
towards... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It began when the United States discovered that there were missiles in their neighboring country Cuba. The missiles stationed in Cuba, belonged to the
Soviet Union. Also, the United States placed their missiles in the Soviet–neighboring country of Turkey and in the southern part of the nearby country
of Italy. Kennedy and his advisers were planning to launch missiles into Soviet territory, but at the last second, he called off his top advisers and
canceled the nuclear attack on the Soviet Union. The Cuban Missile Crisis is like the Crusades in early first millennia. Cuba would represent Jerusalem,
the parenthetical focus of the Crusades. The U.S. would represent the Christians, who won the Crusades because the United States would eventually
win the Cold War. The U.S.S.R. would represent the Muslims, who lost the the Crusades because the Soviets lost the war in the end. The Cuban
Missile Crisis can be similar to the Crusades because both events started almost the same way. The Crusades started when Muslims wanted to conquer
land near Jerusalem, the holy city that belong to the Christians, just like the Soviets and Cuba. The Christians were afraid that the Muslims would take
over the city of Jerusalem, just like the U.S. thought that the Soviets were going to launch missiles into the United States. November 25, 2016, Fidel
Castro, former President and Communist Leader of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, died. No one is sure if the force of the revolution and the
crisis will dissipate without Mr. Castro and, eventually, his brother. "But Fidel Castro's impact on Latin America and the Western Hemisphere has the
earmarks of lasting indefinitely" (DePalma). The capacity of his identity remains inevitable, "for better or worse, not only in Cuba but also throughout
the world"

The Jupiter Missile Crisis
How close were we to another nuclear World War III? After the U.S. failed to dethrone Castro in Cuba with the Bay of Pigs Invasion in 1961,
Kennedy's administration planned Operation Mongoose. While planning the operation, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev created a secret agreement
with Cuban premier Fidel Castro, to place missiles in Cuba to prevent any invasion attempts. The missiles could launch over 1,000 miles and take the
lives of approximately 80 million Americans. After U–2 spy planes discovered the missiles in Cuba. President Kennedy ordered a secret emergency
meeting with his senior military, political, and diplomatic advisers. But to protect the U.S. from destruction, President Kennedy had two decisions to
make. He either had to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
invaded Cuba, they would then remove the missiles. However, he asserted giving the diplomatic channel more time. The same day that afternoon, ABC
news correspondent reported to the White House that a Soviet agent suggested an agreement could be reached, where the Soviets would dismantle their
missiles. As long as the U.S. promised not to invade the island. Later the evening, Khrushchev sent the president a resolution that had resembled the
one that the news correspondent had reported. However, the next day, October 27, Khrushchev sent another message indicating that the Jupiter
Missiles were to be removed from Turkey. Later that same day one of the U.S. U–2 jets was shot down over Cuba. President Kennedy and his advisers
then planned an attack on Cuba. They decided to carry out the first message sent by Khrushchev, however, they would ignore the second message.
Attorney General, Robert Kennedy met secretly with the Soviet Diplomat, Anatoly Dobrynin, and specified that the U.S. was already planning on
removing the missiles in Turkey and that the information about the missiles could not be released to the public. The last day, October 28, Khrushchev
issued a public statement stating the Cuban missiles would be removed. However, the blockade continued until the Soviets confirmed removal of the
IL–28 Bombers from

Cuban Missile Crisis Dbq
Identification and Evaluation of Sources "How real was the threat of nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis?" That is to say would either country
actually have turned the key and pushed the button, sinking the world into nuclear warfare or was the threat of Mutually Assured Destruction too great
to have allowed for such catastrophe to occur?
All of the sources used were found on the internet but were all found from highly reputable sources. One online source came from the Library of
Congress's website. Another came from the U.S. Department of the Historian's website. Both of these sources were the respective institutions' brief
history of the Cold War. A timeline created by Dr. Quintard Taylor Jr., from the University of Washington, was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This was the time period of the Cuban Missile Crisis. The Soviet Union had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba, which had recently become communist in
February of 1959 (Taylor). President Kennedy had ordered the Soviet Union to remove them and placed a "quarantine" around Cuba to prevent any
more from entering (Library of Congress). There were even threats of the United States invading Cuba to destroy the weapons (The Cuban Missile
Crisis, October 1962). This standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union became known as the Cuban Missile Crisis and is said to be the
closest point during the Cold War to an actual war and the use of nuclear weapons. How real was the threat of nuclear war, though? The threat of
Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) was prevalent and while neither country wanted to fire first and start a thermonuclear war, they also didn't want
to be the person who got fired on (Khrushchev, Khruschev Letter to Castro: October 30,

Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President John F. Kennedy said, "It is insane that two men, sitting on opposite sides of the world, should be able to
decide to bring an end to civilization," (Nuclear Ban Test Treaty). This quote directly describes the overall idea of Cuban Missile Crisis. The "Thirteen
Days" of the Cuban Missile Crisis refer to the closest point where the Soviet Union and the United States came to nuclear war. For thirteen days both
nations waited in fear, for news if there was about to be an attack. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a dilemma that could have been solved easier if more
communication would have been involved.
There had been a great amount of conflict leading up to the Cuban Missile Crisis. The conflict began ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev risked the missile bases for the goal of being in range for a nuclear strike. Khrushchev was apprehensive about
the number of nuclear weapons that were targeted at The Soviet Union from countries in Europe and Turkey, so he needed to find away to even out
the playing field (Cuban Missile Crisis. History.com). The finding of the missile bases imposed a sense of urgency on the situation. The base unit in
Cuba was only ninety miles away from the southern coast of Florida. This information was alarming because the communist were finally capable of
reaching the eastern United States. From that moment, President Kennedy knew something that had to be done about the medium–ranged missile sites
in Cuba. Both superpowers were aware of the others aggressiveness and assertiveness. This means that once one missile goes off, there will be
massive havoc; both sides will strike until they are defeated. If a nuclear missile went off, there could have easily been an end to a civilization.
President Kennedy immediately formed a group of advisors and officials. Eventually this group was called the executive committee, or the Excom.
From the beginning, the executive committee and Kennedy agreed the missiles in Cuba had to go. The Excom had many different choices of ways
they could approach the situation. From bombing the missile bases or a full invasion of Cuba, but their ultimatum was to remove the missile bases
from Cuba without stirring up

Blake Beckstrom
Mr. Jones
U.S. History P.4
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? Many people have heard of the Cuban Missile Crisis, and may have learned about it during school, but they do
not know the nitty gritty details of the whole fiasco. The CMC was the first threat of a nuclear world war. The real "crisis" was between the United
States and the Soviet Union and not Cuba. Cuba played a relatively small role in the grand scheme of it all and was basically the field on which the
two powerhouses played on. The Cuban Missile Crisis was one of the most tense 13 days that the world has ever known and had the possibility of
completely disintegrating the world we know today. In this paper we will learn exactly what happened.
In the summer of 1961 President Kennedy met with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev in Vienna, Austria. () To say they were not friends was a drastic
understatement. They were visibly tense and hostile towards each other. Krushev threatened to cut Berlin off from the rest of Europe, and Kennedy
reminded the Soviet leader of the U.S.' tactical weapon strength. () After World War II, Germany had been divided into democratic West Germany and
Communist East Germany. Berlin, similarly divided into eastern and western zones, was situated in the middle of East Germany. Its allied controlled
western zone was therefore isolated from West Germany and the rest of western Europe. () Khrushchev built a wall between East and West

"Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose
any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty." The words of the 35th president John F. Kennedy. During the 1960's the Soviets
were looking to have world power. So they decided to expand their power towards the America's. while in Vietnam they always had trouble keeping
independence and now communism is splitting the North and South and causing a civil war. Both the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War
illustrate the United States attempt to combat communism. The Cuban Missile Crisis in the prevention of a nuclear war. Whereas the Vietnam War
ultimately curtailed the spread of communism.
(CMC) During the Cuban Missile Crisis, the U.S was trying to prevent a nuclear war, and attempting to contain the hostility between the U.S and the
Soviet Union. In 1962, an American U2 plane spotted a Russian missile site being built with short, medium, and long range missiles (cite). After
Kennedy got the notice of there being a threat, he didn't want the public to know, so he met with his close advisors in private (cite). He also needed
to hurry as those missiles were ninety miles away from the U.S. Kennedy and his advisors had to come up with a way to get rid of the missiles
without causing a worldwide conflict or causing a nuclear war. After many meetings Kennedy came down to five options. The first option

Cuban Missile Crisis Dbq
World War III is an alarming event to ponder on right? Especially if that war would be nuclear. This event almost happened on multiple occasions, but
this is going to be about a nerve–racking time in 1962. What happened in 1962 you may ask? The Cuban Missile Crisis. Just as the year was coming
to an end an American spy plane took pictures of missiles in an island 103 miles off the coast of Florida, Cuba. Can theorize who put the missiles
there? The USSR put them there because Cuba was a neighboring communist country to the US, so if the US were to do something the USSR could
shoot the missiles. Mind you, these weapons are nuclear and as we should all know that is never excellent. After this very stressful time for the US
and the USSR how did... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That's what Mr. Kennedy did once he found out that the Soviets had missiles in Cuba. Mr. Kennedy put the Military in DEFCON 2. What is
DEFCON you may ask and why is it a big deal if it is a lower number? DEFCON stands for defense readiness condition, with DEFCON 5 meaning to
be ready and DEFCON 1 meaning nuclear war is coming. You could imagine this was terrifying for the military because this is the first time
DEFCON 2 was called. Also DEFCON 2 was only called twice, during this time period and 29 years later in the first week of the Gulf War. Document
D is a political cartoon of the missiles that both the US and USSR have stocked up, but with a sign on both supplies that states, "ON NO ACCOUNT
TO BE USED – BECAUSE THE ENEMY MIGHT RETALIATE". This means that both superpowers are ready, it's just both of them know if one of
the countries attack the other that action will start a war. This contributes the question of how the missile crisis in Cuba end without incident because
this could have told the opposing side, "We are ready to go to war if you are." and be frightening. Maybe they tried to go for that reverse psychology
vibe to have the other country back

Essay On The Cuban Missile Crisis
Had the Cuban Missile Crisis turned for the worse, there could have been a multitude of disastrous outcomes. Firstly, the American U2 spy plane that
was shot down resulted in no retaliation in 1962, but if the U.S had fought back it could have been through a variety of methods. There have been
numerous analyses of the Cuban Missile Crisis and its various aspects from where it could have turned to World War 3, to if it never even occurred.
The thought of a nuclear World War 3 was valid considering the abundance of global nuclear weapons at the time. If theUnited States and the USSR
had gone to war over this conflict, the two main nuclear powerhouse countries could have dragged other nations into the fight, escalating it to a global
dilemma. The results of nuclear warfare would be absolutely horryfing; with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That Soviet Union could have extreme tensions with the United States for past history and the threat of a war between the two nations would be
constantly imminent. More broadly, American politics and government would be heavily influenced by communist ideals and the Soviet concepts. The
Red Scare, post World War Two, could have continued into a state where the fear of communism was simply a constant reality, not a phase that would
eventually be eradicated. Communism would be a form of government in the world's largest nation rather than a federal semi–presidential republic. All
in all, had the Cuban Missile Crisis escalated to a major conflict there would have been a huge global discrepancy that would have changed every
aspect of 21st century life and the future to come. The continental war between NATO and the other major powers of the world would have extreme
tensions that would result in trade and other foreign influence being very limited across the globe. The United States and possibly the USSR, had it
survived, could have very different allies that would ultimately result in very different influence that would change their economy, politics, and

Cuban Missile Crisis Essay
On October 22nd, 1962, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 35th President of the United States of America, addressed the nation on television. In his
seven–point speech, he informed his audience that long–range nuclear missiles, capable of "striking most of the major cities in the Western
Hemisphere, ranging as far north as Hudson Bay, Canada, and as far south as Lima, Peru" (JFK library p. 3) were being installed in Cuba by the
Soviet Union. President Kennedy discussed the United States' response, which included the placement of a naval blockade around the island of Cuba, a
request for an immediate convening of the United Nations Security Council, and a heightened military alert. However, it was his third point which sent
a chill around the world. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also learned that Cuban pilots were training in Czechoslovakia on the latest Soviet aircraft. Then, in mid–1961, CIA sources discovered that Cuba
was receiving state–of–the–art Soviet bombers, fighters and transport aircraft.
At this time, the dilemma for American policymakers was that most of the military equipment could be described accurately as defensive, and
therefore not a threat to United States security. However, much of it could also be used offensively, and the main concern was whether or not the
Soviets would provide Cuba with missiles capable of attacking America. (Johnson, Hatch p. 2)
Throughout 1961, Soviet ships continued to supply Cuba secretly with military equipment and, then, in 1962, the volume and secrecy of the deliveries
increased. In late August, for example, The National Security Agency reported 57 Soviet ships in a little over a month.
Confronted with American concerns about this military buildup, Soviet spokesmen repeatedly assured the U.S. government that the equipment sent to
Cuba was for defense only. The President alluded to this in his television address:
"Only last Thursday ... Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko told me in my office that he was instructed to make it clear once again ... that Soviet
assistance to Cuba, and I quote, 'pursued solely the purpose of contributing to the defense capabilities of Cuba', that ... 'training by Soviet specialists of
Cuban nationals in handling defensive armaments was by no means offensive, and if it

Cuban Missile Crisis Speech
The Cuban Missile Crisis was one of those events that held people's breaths as the possibility of a nuclear war became more probable with every
passing second. The whole Western Hemisphere (along with the rest of the world) was to be impacted by such events which made the United States'
commander in chief's address all that more important. Had John Fitzgerald Kennedy not addressed the people, Cuba, the Soviet Union, and all other
countries in an effective manner, the fears of World War III with nuclear weapons would have become a reality. Through his impeccable skills as an
orator, John F. Kennedy successfully delivered a speech that informed the country about the current crisis, described the uncertainty of these events, and
warned the Soviet Union that any attack will not proceed without consequences. It is imperative, before analyzing a speech, to understand the
circumstances at hand at that very moment and the historical context that surrounds it. The rhetor (John F. Kennedy) was the 35th President of the
United States; according to his White House archive, JFK was a leader that was very active regarding economic programs and civil rights legislation
(white house). Prior to Kennedy, the CIA launched an invasion of Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro which only made tensions between the US, Cuba,
and the Soviet Union escalate which ultimately resulted in the Cuban Missile Crisis (History.com Staff). As per History.com, the duration of the
standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union lasted thirteen days. In other words, the people in the Western Hemisphere and all over the
world lived with uncertainty of how this would be resolved or if there was even a way to avoid nuclear war between the two powers. On October
14, 1962, an American spy plane made a trip over Cuba which provided photographic evidence that Soviet missiles were being installed there
(History.com Staff). After the missiles were discovered, JFK delivered this speech to the American people, Cuba, the Soviet Union, and all other
countries that were affected by this threat. John F. Kennedy's address to the nation begins by referring to his audience as his "fellow citizens", in an
attempt to set a common ground between him and the people.

The Cuban Missile Crisis Of 1962
When I learned that Thirteen Days, the new movie dramatizing the Cuban missile crisis of 1962, would follow events through the eyes of Kenneth O
'Donnell, John F. Kennedy 's appointments secretary––who would be played by the movie 's headliner, Kevin Costner––I had strong misgivings. In
1997 I had transcribed and edited (with Philip Zelikow of the University of Virginia) some of the tape recordings made secretly by JFK––and nothing
in these tapes, in other documents, or in the recollections of Kennedy 's key advisers gives O 'Donnell an important or even conspicuous role in the
crisis.
After Harvard University Press published our transcripts as The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House During theCuban Missile Crisis, Beacon ...
At another meeting, in a tart exchange with Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, O 'Donnell expressed rude contempt for General Lyman
Lemnitzer, a former chairman of the joint chiefs of staff.
What the filmmakers have done in their deployment of O 'Donnell/Costner comes much closer to speculative historical fiction of the sort practiced by
Simon Schama in Dead Certainties (a fictionalized reconstruction of an eighteenth–century murder based closely on historical fact) than to whole–cloth
fantasy such as Edmund Morris 's Dutch (Morris inserted himself as an invented character in this biography of Ronald Reagan).
Still, why make O 'Donnell our window on events? When I tried to think how else the producers might have pulled in a mass audience––as opposed to
a PBS–documentary–sized audience––Henry James 's principle of having a single perspective on events made sense. But that perspective couldn 't
easily have been JFK 's; and had it been that of a major adviser, the movie would have almost inevitably depicted him––McNamara, Secretary of State
Dean Rusk, National Security Adviser McGeorge Bundy, White House Counsel Ted Sorensen, UN Ambassador Adlai Stevenson, or whomever
––as the
person who "saved the world." O 'Donnell was a reasonable choice, for he was in a position to see much or all of what went on, but was not a policy
contestant or even a person particularly sophisticated on the issues; he was an inside

Essay On The Cuban Missile Crisis
13 Days: How did President Kennedy bring the Cuban missile crisis to a peaceful conclusion?
What was the cuban missile crisis? Was it a war or was it a standoff between the United States and Soviet Union? The Cuban Missile Crisis was
basically a missile scare. It was an engagement between the United States and the Soviet Union regarding Soviet ballistic missiles that were nuclear
armed and deployed in Cuba. The Soviet Union carried the missiles from overseas by ships. This lasted 13 days and consisted of fear, fighting, and
most of all, difficult decisions for both the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
It was in October of 1962 that a U.S. spy plane discovered that the Soviet Union had nuclear equipped missiles placed in the country of Cuba. This
was a serious threat to the United States because Cuba was just 90 miles from our shores and Cuba was a close ally of the Soviet Union. President
Kennedy was shocked and started right away to secretly meet with his advisors to discuss this big problem. Nuclear equipped missiles could easily
reach America being that we were so close to Cuba. He didn't want the soviet union or cuba to know that he discovered the missiles.There were already
tensions between the U.S and Soviets due to the ongoing cold war with the Soviet ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If he did nothing, there was a good chance that the missiles would be fired on the U.S. By surrounding Cuba with military ships, he risked provoking
the Soviets. In the end, the decision to send a naval blockade around Cuba seemed to scare the Soviets and Cuba. It prevented nuclear war and calmed
hostilities with the Soviet Union. It even opened up a line of communication with the Soviet Union. The presidents of both countries had a direct line
to each other in case future conflicts arose. As the president, Kennedy had a lot of pressure to make sure that he was making smart judgements that
would keep the U.S. safe and keep peace around the

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13 day political and military deadlock in 1962 between the United States and the Soviet Union. It appeared that the
Soviet Union was installing nuclear missiles in Cuba, and it was the closest the United States has ever came to a nuclear war. Using the movie, 13
Days, the Cuban Missile Crisis is explained and compared to the actual event. The crisis was led to by the Cold War. The Cold War was a period
between 1947 and 1991 of geopolitical tension between the corrupted East and the free West of Europe. It first started off by the Truman Doctrine,
which was a foreign policy where the United States agreed to aid any nations threatened by the Soviets geopolitical expansion. This means, that when
when Eastern ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ExCom spent about two weeks discussing their options and left the public out for about a week. They came up with six possible courses of action,
the first, do nothing. The second, a diplomatic route where the U.S uses diplomatic pressure to get the Soviets to remove the missiles. Third, an air
strike. Fourth, an invasion where they remove the missiles along with Castro. Fifth, a blockade where the U.S Navy stops any more missiles arriving
into Cuba. The sixth is a secrete approach to push a wedge between Fidel Castro and the Soviet Union. The first option was almost immediately out
because the missiles imposed a threat on the U.S. The Joint Chiefs of Staff agreed that the only way they would succeed would be and attack
followed by an invasion. In the movie, someone stated that if they were to attack with an air strike, it would cause the Soviets to make a move
against Berlin and cause a war because the air strike will kill Russians. Another point made in the movie is that if we did an invasion, it would be
played out like, we would demand the Soviets to withdraw the missiles from 12–24 hours, they would refuse. Then our strikes would follow the
invasion, they will resist and retaliate against another target (they figured Berlin). Then we would resist them there which would cause a war. President
Kennedy wanted to go the diplomatic route to not start any violence, however

The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 reflects possibly the most precarious moment in nuclear history. For the first time, the world's two nuclear super
powers, the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, were poised to destroy each other in a war of unprecedented proportion.
On the brink of what may have escalated into a nuclear war, the leaders of two nations showed courageous restraint and diplomacy to avoid an
exchange of brute force and unimaginable desolation. The situation was preempted by the Bay of Pigs, an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Fidel
Castro, Prime Minister of the Republic of Cuba. Castro had gained authority through a rebellion against Fulgencio Batista, the previous Cuban
dictator (Bay of Pigs). America was displeased with Castro, mainly because he was a Communist leader so close to American shores, so a plan to
depose him was made, without official United States military support. Cuban exiles were trained to land on the south shore of Cuba and raise the
Cuban population in an overthrow of his regime, but the plan went horribly wrong (Bay of Pigs). Not only did the bombers meant to cripple the
Cuban air force miss many of their targets, but also the Cuban population then failed to insurrect against their government. Castro, having already
garnered intelligence of the exiles' training camps years earlier, ordered troops to advance on the exiles at the beach, and Kennedy made the decision
to cancel air support in an attempt to disguise

1.0 Plan Of Investigation
The purpose of this investigation is to establish the extent to which there was a victor at the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. This
investigation will evaluate the position of both Khrushchev and Kennedy after the crisis in order to draw the victor. Looking into the intentions and
goals of USA and the USSR leading up to, during, and recently after the crisis to determine the true victor, in between the years 1959 and 1979.
Sources that will be used in this investigation include documentaries, CIA documents, books, and journal/newspaper article, and will be evaluated for
purpose, limitations, and values, mindful of its origins.
2.0 Summary of Evidence
2.1 Reasoning for starting the Cuban Missile Crisis:
After the Second World War, a new stage in the arms race opened when Khrushchev temporarily won the space race by launching sputnik satellites
into he orbit 1957. While American rockets could reach for the other side of the globe with deadly accuracy. (High Noon inCold War)Khrushchev
boasted about his missile development, however his boasting was desperate and defensive. As the arms race was killing the Soviet economy and
industry. On top of this, the Soviet Union also failed to remove the Americans from Berlin, in 1959, which he then commanded to erect a wall
preventing people to depart into the West. Khrushchev had more worries after the Vienna Summit in 1961, in which Kennedy refused to sign the
agreement. As well as, Khrushchev

Dbq Cuban Missile Crisis
Justified, righteous, fair, and reasonable. Alike in definition, these words can all be used to describe the installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba.
America had tried to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro on numerous occasions, the Soviets who were allies with Cuba decided it was time to
step in and support their comrades. In October 1962, a two week matter took place, after an American spy plane found 40 nuclear missiles installed by
the Soviets, in Cuba, the event later became known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. The Americans did not approve of these Soviet missiles, because they
were 90 miles away from their country, but Khrushchev was not satisfied with the U.S. having missiles pointed at his country either. This led to a small
dispute ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First off, the U.S planned an attack called the "Bay of Pigs," which was one of their tactics to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro. Their plan
was to train exiled Cubans so that they could be sent to Cuba in effort to overthrow Castro. ("The Bay of Pigs").The installation of missiles were to
further prevent any events like this of happening, so it gave the USSR every reason to continue to defend their ally who was being attacked. On
top of that, the Soviets did not even retort in aggression, even though it would have been reasonable if they did. Why could they have not placed
missiles in Cuba if they decided to not retaliate in violence? Months later, America scheduled "Operation Mongoose" yet another tactic to kill
Castro. They attempted to have Castro removed, overthrown, and out of office in Cuba, but did not succeed ("The Bay of Pigs Invasion and Its
Aftermath"). After the second time America tried to overthrow Castro it definitely justified the Soviet storing of missiles. The saying "The first time
is a mistake, but the second time is a choice," applies to this situation. Cuba being attacked by the Americans the first time was kind of like the
'mistake' in the saying but the second attempt of invasion can be compared to the 'choice' in the saying. The final quote that proves the Soviet missiles
were defensive comes from Khrushchev, "we were very grieved...that an attack on Cuba was committed, as a result of which many Cubans perished.
You yourself told me then that this had been a mistake. I respected that explanation" (Khrushchev). A summary of Khrushchev's word is that he
responded kindly to the attempted attacks and did not try to overrun America after their acts of violence, even though he had the option to do so. The
USSR was very fair and calm and reacted well to

The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 had put America and Canada in danger and had almost started a nuclear war. On October 15, 1962, an American spy
plane took pictures of nuclear missiles being built in Cuba, these missiles were capable of hitting targets anywhere in the United States or Canada, these
missiles belonged to the Soviet Union (Russia), and were too dangerous to be left alone. The missiles had been placed there after the failed mission
of the Bay of Pigs, for protection. John F. Kennedy had been told about the missiles the day after and had informed world leaders a few days after.
Kennedy informed Americans about the missiles on October 22, 1962, John Diefenbaker informed Canadians an hour and a half after Kennedy.
During the crisis, Kennedy had spoken with his advisers and began negotiations with the Soviet Union. The crisis had lasted 13 days, it ended on
October 28, 1962, when Kennedy and the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev came to a compromise. The compromise was that Khrushchev would
dismantle the missiles, in return for Kennedy promise not to invade Cuba, and the removal of the U.S. missiles in Turkey aiming at Russia. The Cuban
missile crisis had created controversy between Canada and the U.S. The U.S had put Canada in danger because of tensions between the Cuba and the
Soviet Union, The Canadian Prime Minister and the U.S. President had did not get along, Canada did not want war, and it brought a question to
Canada's nuclear weapon policy.
First of all,

Cuban Missile Crisis Analysis
The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the Missile Scare, was a 2 week period in October of 1962 that was a result of increasing tensions amongst
the United States and the Soviet Union. Tension between the US and the USSR is not new and is known as the Cold War, often stated to be a period
between 1945 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Intelligence gathered over the span of couple months all seemed to lead to the common
conclusion that the Soviet's are installing offensive nuclear weapons that will be able to reach continental US in mainland Cuba. The "initial" spark
seemed to be the awfully failed attempt to invade Cuba, also known as the Bay of Pigs invasion under the Kennedy administration, and the presence of
American Jupiter Ballistic missiles in Turkey and Italy. What is interesting about theCuban Missile crisis is how the Kennedy administration
confronted the issue. The Joint Chiefs of Staff, the top military officials of the United States pushed for a full on invasion, which could trigger a
world wide nuclear war. Kennedy wanted to avoid a full on confrontation, making him seem "intelligent but weak". In the film, Thirteen Days,
based off the memoir of Robert F. Kennedy, Thirteen Days, where Robert wrote about his point of view of the Cuban Missile Crisis, revealed how
complex and mentally demanding it was to resolve and dissipate tensions with the Soviet Union without causing World War III. Photographic
intelligence taken by a spy plane going over mainland Cuba revealed about 40 intermediate range ballistic missiles capable of reaching continental
United States. There were 3 options; diplomatic talks and international pressure, a blockade, or a full on invasion. The Joint Chiefs of Staff pushed
for a full on invasion, meanwhile the Kennedy's pushed for a less aggressive move. EXCOMM, the Executive Committee of the National Security
Council composing of the NSC and key advisors the President hand picked, met in the White House during the crisis to discuss how to proceed on the
issue. The film revealed how much the Joint Chiefs of Staff disliked Kennedy's methods and how much they wished to act on their own. Nuclear
missile tests were conducted independent of the oval office, seen

Missile Crisis
Imagine being in grade school and having your teacher yell instructions to hide under your desk because of a possible missile attack, not knowing if
you'll see tomorrow. This possible scenario is what children feared in late 1962. The uncertainty of life during this time and the actions taken by
teachers and students intrigue me, like how they thought that a thin piece of wood and metal would save them from an atomic missile. In reality,
nothing, including themselves, would be left standing.
In October 1962, off the coast of Florida in the cold waters of the Atlantic Ocean sailed the navy ships of the Soviet Union and the United States. With
the two mightiest nations on Earth facing each other, World War III was on the brink of happening. With missiles in Cuba secretly provided by the
Soviet Union and discovered by in a photo from a United States satellite, the world was on the edge to see who blinked first. As this was happening
the citizens of the U.S. were taking actions. At every school students had to do drills in case of an attack. Sometimes teachers would randomly yell,
"Drop!" and the kids would get on their hands and knees under the desks. "They didn't tell us why they only told us to get under our desks. I don't
know why they thought a desk was going to save us."(Interview with Diane Strohm, student during missile crisis). Some schools ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Some citizens sparked protests and sent letters to President John F. Kennedy. Others built bomb shelters in case of an air raid. America was a very
tense democracy during this time of the cold war. Eventually, on October 28, America cried with joy! TheCuban missile crisis was finally over! The
missile crisis ended by Kennedy taking out the missiles from Turkey and secretly agreeing not to invade Cuba. The Soviet Union also took out its
missiles in Cuba. The citizens were

Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban missile Crisis began in October 1962, when the US discovered Soviet missiles were being stored in Cuba, finding these missiles meant the
US & the Soviet Union were on the verge of a Nuclear War.
In the lead up to the Cuban Missile Crisis, the US governments' intention was to have Castro overthrown. However Castro had both the political &
military support of the Soviet Union and started receiving secret shipments of Soviet arms.
On the 14th October 1962 during a routine mission over Cuba, a spy plane obtained pictures confirming the presence of nuclear missiles. Two days
later, a detailed analysis of this evidence was presented to President Kennedy. As the US Government had received indications that the Soviet missiles
would be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However once there was no longer a threat of German and Japanese control, the Soviet Union took this opportunity to try and win global domination.
As the Soviet Union continued to spread through Eastern Europe, America feared for their safety and freedom.
American citizens were worried their way of life and what defined them as a nation would be taken away by communist nations, with Russia being the
most threatening. After WW11, the depression ended and for the first time in decades the economy was at its best. However the communists were still
a threat and had the potential to completely change the American way of life.
As the Cold War continued, the possible threat of nuclear war sent America into paranoia. Bomb shelters were built in every new home; people began
to stockpile foods in case they were required to stay in the shelters for a length of time. Emergency procedures were put in place and practice runs
carried out at home and schools.
The decisions made by President Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis could have been the turning point in the capitalism that Americans were
accustomed to and given them a taste of communism. If this had happened, the world would be a total contrast of what we know it as

For 13 days in October 1962, the world was threatened by nuclear war. This event is known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. This event was the closest
to nuclear war then world has ever gotten since the US dropped the nuclear missiles on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The USSR had been shipping
nuclear missiles to Cuba to deter the threat of the nuclear missiles that could hit the USSR that were in Turkey and Italy. Cuba is a repressive
communist society just like the USSR, and it was close enough to the US to hit any major city with the nuclear missiles. In order to protect the USSR
and Cuba from the acts of aggression from the western world to keep the unequal political system of Capitalism, the USSR wanted to keep communism
in the world, they... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Khrushchev was very involved with the communists even before they took power. Kruschev joined the Communist Bolsheviks in 1929 when he
moved to Moscow with his family. When Joseph Stalin died in 1953, Kruschev positioned himself to be his successor, 6 months later, he became the
leader of the Communist party and one of the most powerful people in the USSR. Kruschev had a bad relationship with the west. Relations were gone
when the Soviets shot down a U–2 spy plane deep inside Russian airspace. Russia did this 1– to see how US would react to a plane being shot down
and 2– Because the Soviets did not want an American plane flying over their country taking pictures without there permission. This was not a smart
idea for the Soviets because we lost all diplomatic relations with each other and hated each other. A year later, 15 nuclear tipped Jupiter missiles
were placed in Turkey, ready to fire if needed. This event made Kruschev look weak for not doing anything in response. Russia decided to up the ante
and called for the deployment of "defensive" missiles in Cuba. In July 1962, Fidel Castro's brother went to Russia on a non–explainable mission. Later
that month, US U–2 spy planes watched as ships left the USSR headed for Cuba with various types of military equipment, Including bombers, patrol
aircraft and 24 surface to air missiles. The planes failed to notice the 80 missiles and 40 nuclear warheads. How did these planes fail

Introduction The Cold War lasted approximately from 1947 to 1991; which pitted the United States (US) against the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (USSR, Russia or Soviets). During this period of time for both military and political conflict between the two countries, there was a short
period of time that not only put these two nations on alert put the rest of the world of a potential nuclear war. This period of time would come to be
known as the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which occurred from 16 to 28 October of that year. This crisis was building up due to the failed operation
of overthrowing Fidel Castro with the "Bay of Pigs" and staging offensive nuclear weapons in Turkey which could strike the Russian homeland. The US
Intelligence Community (IC) worst fear that the Soviets could strike the US soil within matter of minutes; this was achieved through stationing of
offensive nuclear weapons on the island of Cuba 90 miles of the coast of the Florida. The purpose of this paper is to look at the events or history
which led to the Cuban Missile Crisis, Russian Denial and Deception (D&D) Operations, US Perceptions, and Biases.
Relationship between Two Communist CountriesIn 1959, a young communist named Fidel Castro overthrew the current Cuban Dictator Batista. With
Castro taken control over Cuba and aligning the country with the principals of Communism with Russia; this worried the US policymakers in
Washington with a Communist country being 90 miles from the

The Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban missile crisis was the most dangerous of the Cold War, but it still involves the two main superpower enemies;
Russia and America, only this time Cuba got involved too. The Cold War happened because America was scared that Communism would spread to their
democratic West. Russia being the huge superpower in the east was Communist, and after the Russian Revolution, Lenin was planned on making
Communism worldwide, this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So the friendly relations between USA and Castro didn't last for long. Castro began a series of reforms, which included nationalizing the industries,
which were mostly American. Also, Castro blamed the USA for the island's poverty and sought aid from the USSR. In the past the USA had always
bought Cuba's sugar, so when America refused to buy their sugar, the USSR agreed to buy it in return for oil and machinery. All this caught the USA
off guard because the USA always saw Castro as non–threatening. A4 states that in America, Castro was virtually unknown and that "American
ignorance to the changes he had in mind was one of the reasons for the friction, which later developed between Cuba and America leading to the Bay of
Pigs invasion". When Kennedy took over as American president in 1961, he became the youngest ever president. He was told of a CIA plan to
invade Cuba and overthrow Castro, which he allowed to go ahead but the result was a disaster, and became known as the Bay of Pigs. On April 17th,
about 1500 of Castro's opponents landed at Cochinos Bay (Bay of Pigs) on the southern coasts of Cuba. They were equipped with arms provided by
the USA. These rebels had told the CIA that the Cubans would join them and overthrow Castro, unfortunately they did not. The group was

Negotiations of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Introduction By 1962, the Soviet Union was considerably behind the United States in the nuclear arms race. The Soviet Union had limited range
missiles that were only capable of being launched against Europe, but the United States possessed missiles that were capable of striking anywhere
within the entire Soviet Union. As it is often said, when it comes to national security, leaders sometimes make irrational decisions. In an effort to
restore the balance of power Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev devised the idea of placing intermediate–range missiles in Cuba (14 days in October).
This deployment of weapons in Cuba would double the Soviet strategic arsenal and provide a credible deterrent to a potential U.S. attack against the ...
He did this despite never getting formal guarantees that the United States would not invade Cuba. This paper will focus on three two negotiations that
comprised the Cuban Missile Crisis:
U.S. President Kennedy vs. Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev
U.S. President Kennedy vs. Own advisors (EX–COMM) U.S. President Kennedy vs. Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev
Cross Cultural Negotiations The biggest obstacle that the Soviets and Americans faced in dealing with this crisis was the added difficulty imposed by
cross–cultural negotiations. This added burden further magnified the differences in thinking, feeling and behaving between the two countries. The
table above illustrates the national style in negotiation faced by the United States and Soviet Union. Both the Americans and Soviets had to take into
account each other style to eventually reach an agreement. Even though Cuba was at the center of this debate, it played a minor roll in the negotiations
between the US and Soviet Union. This national style of negotiation may have contributed to the crisis through the actions or lack of actions perceived
by the Soviets. For example, in June of 1961 and during the early months in office, President Kennedy attended a summit with Premier Khrushchev in
Vienna to discuss cold war confrontations between the east and west, in particular the situation in Berlin. The failure of the two leaders to reach any

The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 was the closest the world came to nuclear war. The Soviet Union shipped nuclear missile to Cuba clandestinely and
were discovered by the United States. While the confrontation did not result in open nuclear warfare between the US and USSR, the US Intelligence
Community (IC) was taken by surprise. How did the IC not notice the buildup of Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba? The information was there despite
the best Russian denial and deception attempts. The United States intelligence and military analysts allowed themselves to be deceived by the Russians
because they did not anticipate the Russians would station nuclear weapons outside the Soviet Union. A closer look will show why the Russian
deception worked for so long and why the US was forced to react quickly to a crisis that could have easily spiraled into nuclear war. In October of
1962, a US U–2 reconnaissance flight over Cuba yielded photographic evidence that the Soviet Union had installed medium and intermediate range
ballistic missiles. President Kennedy over the next thirteen days frantically tried to get the missiles removed without a war. President Kennedy went
with his Executive Committee working group and set up a naval quarantine of Cuba and gave Soviet Premier Khrushchev a deadline for removing the
missiles. After six days of diplomatic overtures and increased military tensions, the Soviet Union withdrew the missiles. President Kennedy agreed to
respect the Castro

1962 Tuban Missile Crisis
The 1960's was a time with many big events.These events formed american society and the world to what it is today. But in what ways did these events
affect america. Way are these events important?
In 1962 the cuban missile crisis was a confrontation between america and the soviet union. In 1962 the cuban missile crisis was a confrontation between
america and the soviet union. This was the closest we have came to nuclear war which scared people all around the world.This resulted in a agreement
to end nuclear testing in the sea and above ground.This resulted in a agreement to end nuclear testing in the sea and above ground.This made people
feel safe and also protected the environment from the testing of nuclear bombs. African–American Civil

Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis

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Causes Of The Cuban Missile Crisis