IoT at railways proposal

1. IoT Based
Smart Solution for Indian
Railways
NICSI Bihar

2. Problem Areas
1. Anti-Fog Mechanism
2. Rail Fracture Detection
3. Train Warning System
4. Anti-collisionDetection
5. Real Time Train Locatorfor passenger inquiry system
6. Real Time Coach Temperature
7. Toilet Occupancy
8. Smart Dustbin
9. LC Gate Control

3. 1. Anti-Fog Mechanism
• Problem Statement
• Visibility: Low visibility during foggy situation
• Signal Status: Driver has no idea about the current signal status
• Solution: Presently EVS (Enhanced Vision System) is available but the
implementationcost is too high.

4. Anti-Fog Mechanism…
• Pole Location Gathering using a GIS layer: Latitude and Longitude of
each pole to be integratedto a GIS layer
• Track Level GIS Layering
• Forwarding Signal Data to Central Sever (CRIS server can be used)
• Getting the Train Location using a GIS Layer: Train to be mounted with
an HMI (Human machine Interface), which will constantly send location
data to the server; this a moving GIS layer
• Integration of GIS Map
• Integrating FLiR Camera with the HMI unit for better visibility
Our Solution

5. Anti-Fog Mechanism…
Our Solution

6. • Expected Cost
• Hardware Cost
• Human Machine Interface (HMI) – Rs. 10,000/- per unit (mounted on Loco)
• Wi-fi DAQ – Rs. 10,000/- per unit (mounted at each station)
• FLiR camera mounting – Rs. 28,000/- per unit
• Internet Connectivity Infrastructure
• Software Cost
• GIS Layering Cost -
• Rs 10/- for 1Kb of log generated
Anti-Fog Mechanism…
Our Solution

7. 2. Rail Fracture Detection…
• Problem Statement:
• Rail Fracture Detection: A major cause of derailment
• Fatigue Life of Coach: Checking the condition of wagon, coach and wheel.
• Solution Available:
• Fracture detection is done either manually or by electrical sensors such as
Ultrasonic
• No solution available for measuring the fatigue life

8. Rail Fracture Detection
• Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG): Grated Fiber sensor
• Passive Senor i.e. no interference of electrical signals, it is weather-
proof
• Sensitive towards strain and temperature
Our Solution
Highly sensitive :
Detects all types of
vibration signatures
Optical Signal Interpretation

9. • Real time structural health data along with environmental
parametersusing IoT mechanism
• Can detect the deterioration in the condition of rail as well as other
structures
• Can transmit data to longer distances without any noise
• Driver can get crack-alert for 100 track kilometers
Rail Fracture Detection
Our Solution

10. • Expected Cost
• Hardware Cost
• Per Kilometer FBG sensor cost – Rs. 5,00,000/-
• Interrogator (4-channel) – Rs. 20,00,000/- (can be used for a longer distance)
• Software Cost
• Interfacing cost –
• Data Analytics (for predicting fatigue life) -
Rail Fracture Detection
Our Solution

11. • Problem Statement
• Over Speeding of train
• Signal Passed at Danger
• SolutionsAvailable
• Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS)
• Very Costly
• Electrical sensors such as Ultrasonic
3. Train Warning System

12. Train Warning System
• This solution is part of Anti-fog solution
• Getting the Train Location using a GIS Layer: Loco mounted HMI sends
train location frequently
• Speed can be measured at Software level (Provides adequate
informationto the Railway Control room)
• Distinguishing Rail Tracks using high accuracy GIS Layering
Our Solution

13. Usability
• Solutionis useful
• For Real Time Train positioning
• Anti-Collision Detection
Train Warning System

14. Train Warning System…
• Expected Cost
• Hardware Cost
• Human Machine Interface (HMI) – Rs. 10,000/- per unit (mounted on Loco)
• Internet Connectivity Infrastructure On-the-go (OTG) –
• Software Cost
• GIS Layering cost –
• Interface Design –
• Rs 10/- for 1Kb of log generated

15. • Problem Statement:
• Two trains are on same track
• Same Direction
• Opposite Direction
• SolutionsAvailable:
• No such solutions available
• RDSO spec looks for ACD with 300 m range
• Train @100 KMPH needs 800 meters to stop
• Only suitable for single line rail tracks
4. Anti-Collision Detection (ACD)

16. Anti-Collision Detection (ACD)
• Getting the Train Location using a GIS Layer: Loco mounted HMI
sends train locationfrequently
• Track Level GIS Layering
• Real time position and track can be measured at Software level
• Suitable for multi line rail tracks (Both Up and Down Lines with many
tracks)
Our Solution

17. • Expected Cost
• Hardware Cost
• Human Machine Interface (HMI) – Rs. 10,000/- per unit (mounted on Loco)
• Internet Connectivity Infrastructure On-the-go (OTG) –
• Software Cost
• GIS Layering cost –
• Interface Design –
• Rs 10/- for 1Kb of log generated
Anti-Collision Detection (ACD)
Our Solution

18. • Problem Statement:
• Real Time Train Location
• Real Time Train Approach
• Integration with Passenger Inquiry System
• SolutionsAvailable:
• Location data are collected manually
• High Latency
5. Real Time Train Locator for passenger inquiry
system

19. Real Time Train Locator
• Getting the Train Location using a GIS Layer: Loco mounted HMI
sends train locationfrequently
• Track Level GIS Layering
• Real time position and direction can be determined at Software level
• Integrationreal time train locationwith passenger inquiry system
Our Solution

20. • Expected Cost
• Hardware Cost
• Human Machine Interface (HMI) – Rs. 10,000/- per unit (mounted on Loco)
• Internet Connectivity Infrastructure On-the-go (OTG) –
• Software Cost
• GIS Layering cost –
• Interface Design –
• Rs 10/- for 1Kb of log generated
Real Time Train Locator
Our Solution

21. • Problem Statement:
• Difficult to monitor cabin temperature remotely
• Switching between manual and auto mode of AC
• AvailableSolutions:
• No solutions available
6. Real Time Coach Temperature Monitoring

22. Real Time Coach Temperature Monitoring
• Proposed Solution
• Low cost 7-segment LED based temperature display
• IoT enabled (Both wifi and 4G option available)
• Improved data analytics using Temperature logs
• Cost
• Rs. 6000/- per unit
• Prototype tested successfully in BBS-NDLS Rajdhani Express
Our Solution

23. • Problem Statement:
• Available technology is prone to be damaged early
• Replacement is a costly affair
• SolutionAvailable:
• Yes, but costly; vendors claim to change the whole toilet door
7. Toilet Occupancy

24. Toilet Occupancy
• Proposed Solution
• Low cost Ultrasonic sensor based occupancy mechanism
• Cost
• Rs. 5000/- per unit
• Prototype available and tested
Our Solution

25. • Problem Statement:
• On board garbage containers are usually seen in very unpleasant condition
• Cleaning is done after manual verification
• Same is the case with bins at stations
• AvailableSolution:
• Yes, but Costly
8. Smart Bin

26. Smart Bin
• Proposed Solution
• IoT enabled smart bin
• Segregation of waste
• Low power approach
• Intimates status to authorities automatically
• Cost
• Rs 10,000/- per unit (both on-board and stationed)
• Prototype available and tested
Our Solution

27. • This system has some disadvantages-
• Time consuming.
• Human error due to carelessness.
Sketchof Automated Gate Control at Unmanned Level Crossing
9. LC Gate Controlling

28. LC Gate Controlling
PLC System integrated with custom gate control and sensing mechanism
Our Solution