Political Essay Examples

Reflection Paper On Politics
Reflecting about what I think and talk about most often, usually consists of politics and my future.
I often think and talk about politics because I want others to be aware of the pressing issues in
society, I am concerned about politics and I have a desire to learn about what shapes my political
beliefs. As a political science major, I discuss politics with pretty much anyone who wants to listen
because it is important for everyone to have a basic understanding about government and the issues
in society. our current political system, I a generally concerned about the lasting effects of the
current administration on the future of the United States. In many of my classes, my professors
remind me of the issues that plague our country which...show more content...
While I would love to plan my future, I understand that God is the writer of my life story. Once I
have faith in God to take hold the reigns of my life, only then can I be truly happy and satisfied.
Optimistically speaking, I am excited about what the future holds and what I can do to make a
lasting difference in the world.
Typically, my time is spent either working on schoolwork or going on adventures with friends. The
fact that I spend a large amount of time doing homework shows, in terms of my worldview, that; I
value my education, I do not want to let my family down and that I have a passion to learn. My
father is a fifth–grade teacher so from an early age I had been taught to value my education. Since
education was clearly something that my father valued, I adopted his value as my own and even
his expectations. At times, my friends and family do not understand why I am stressed out all the
time. Over the years, I developed an innate skill of putting a ton of pressure on myself to do well.
Ever since I can remember, I have had a passion to learn about social sciences and history. Being
at Whitworth, I am surrounded by people who have a passion to learn which makes me a better
student. At times, I give up. But my friends push me to keep going and pursue my passion. Like
most students, I place a high priority on doing schoolwork even if that means staying up past
midnight to complete it. At this point in my life, my real purpose is to study and achieve
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Political Factors Essay
Unit 1 the business environment
Tescos
Political factors
This could include government support, provide, enhancing skills of the working population of
Tesco's which may include training days or induction days if you have just been previously
employed. The main factor could be government support which has to routes that it can go down.
Direct support or indirect support which also includes the fiscal policy which is linked with taxes,
vat and cooperation tax
The level of taxation changing means that Tesco also have to pay tax. They have to pay this to the
government so that the government could provide services for the general public. This would be
different if Tesco's was funded by the government because then they wouldn't have to...show more
content...
They will also sell school equipment for all ages from primary to secondary and even to college.
Gender also has a huge influence on Tesco's stores because they can have different sections for
different genders which means there will be something for everyone within the Tesco's stores.
Obviously Tesco's is a global company which means genders from all around the world as well as
all ages will be visiting Tesco to get what they want. Within Tesco's they provide equal rights which
means both men and woman can work there. Tesco's can not turn someone away from work just
because they are male/female, black/white and disabled/able to complete the job. This links to legal
factors because it is within the contract of employment that equal rights are top priority
Legal factors
The main Legal factor would be that no individual can work more than 39 hours on an average
working week. The way this could influence Tesco's activities is that Tesco may need to have a
rota to share the working hours during the day and during the night shifts. This will allow no
individual to work no more than 39 hours a week. If this was no law however Tesco's might not
have a rota to keep track of who and how many hours they are working during a week. However the
individual can work more than 39 hours if they do over time. It can also influence how many people
they take on with this statute because the less hours someone works the

The Effects of Political Parties on a Democracy
There are indeed several aspects in the composition of political parties that threaten democracy in the
UK, whilst other aspects may promote democracy. Careful analysis must be done in order to
establish to what extent either is true.
On the one hand, it may be argued that parties in fact promote democracy for a variety of reasons.
Firstly, they assist the electorate by offering them a coherent choice, allowing people to vote
democratically. Rather than the electorate having to choose between several members of each party,
and having to place votes for central government subsequent to placing local constituency votes,
voting is made simple and...show more content...
In 1997, New Labour capitalised on the number of women who were elected, establishing the
impression that the party is 'female friendly'. The Conservative party is also aiming to recruit more
women and ethnic minority candidates in time for the upcoming general election in May 2005. It
has also given higher platforms to those women already elected: Several years ago, Theresa May
was appointed as party chairman. Not only by modernising themselves to represent current
populations in Britain, parties also modernise themselves by generating new ideas for changing
times. The labour party is the most famous for adapting its policies and ideology. Labour changed
its name to 'New Labour' under the leadership of Tony Blair in 1997, to reflect these radical changes.
At this time Labour chose to adapt its policies, and lose a lot of its socialist values. Under 'Old
Labour' state ownership was held under high regard. But after Thatcher's privatisation of state
businesses, Labour acknowledged that it would be dangerous to radically reform businesses and
bring them back under state ownership, thus they modernised their policies adapting them to the
New Britain, by sticking to privatisation which had been warmly received. This promotes democracy,
as policies are adapted to suit the electorate, rather than parties imposing unwanted, outdated
ideologies upon its

An Essay On Political Development
Essay: Political Development If there was no political knowledge, you could not assess your
interests and know when to act on them. Knowing how and why politics is relevant to your lives,
will cause you to be more attentive and engaged in politics. This means we need to know the rules
and strategies that govern political institutions and principles that the political system is based upon
(Ginsberg, Lowi, Weir & Tolbert, 2015, pg. 11). The U.S. Constitution has several fundamental
principles and each one of them works in the American political system. Limited government is a
principle of constitutional government, and the constitution limits and defines its powers (Ginsberg,
Lowi, Weir & Tolbert, 2015, pg. 26). Our personal liberties and...show more content...
Finally, a new system of government was created to replace the Articles of Confederation. The
addition to the bill of rights was accepted by the Constitution proponents due to Antifederalist
criticisms, but it was because of the vision of the Federalist that succeeded. The framework that was
created in 1789 was from the adopted Constitution, this was for a powerful national government that
defended the nation's interests, promoted its commerce, and maintained national unity (Ginsberg,
Lowi, Weir & Tolbert, 2015, pg. 63). The system of internal balances and checks has worked well in
preventing the government from controlling its citizens, and this is how the Federalist pictured it to
be. It is very hard to develop a government that is stable and compatible with liberty, equality and
democracy. Government is a formal institution where a land and its people are ruled (Ginsberg,
Lowi, Weir & Tolbert, 2015, pg. 13). The United States was established as a nation, but the American
people have always been suspicions of the government and they wonder to what extent should the
government be involved in their lives, but the outline of the government is in the Constitution. When
the people needed the government, the government stepped in and helped. The people supported the
government when there was. Some governments are set up different, their sizes are different

Essay about Defining Politics
Defining Politics Politics is the collective name given to many different systems, ideas and real
world issues. It is impossible to define politics as any one thing in particular, but as a label for many
different aspects of life encompassed into one.
Politics is largely about decision making, Politicians dispute on a regular basis about pending
decisions to be made. Decisions to be made, of course vary in size and some are obviously much
more important than others. Nevertheless, politics nearly always sets–out to make decisions in the
best ways irrespective of how big or small they may be. Groups of...show more content...
Politics strives to reduce this conflict and keep it to a minimum. Politics is responsible for taking all
views into consideration and reaching a consensus – something all people involved can agree on to a
certain extent.
Politics also goes hand in hand with the concept of power. Power, in any form of politics is of
utmost importance, without power, politicians wouldn't be able to enforce rulings on a
population. Power concerns being able to get others to do/act as other people would like them to.
Power can be enforced in a number of different ways, power, of course cannot be assumed unless
the people with power have something strong to back up their rulings. Sometimes, force is used to
provoke obedience (coercion), while a legitimate government will often not need to resort to means
of force. People are likely to comply with the law simply because they believe the government to be
making the correct decisions. Coercion and legitimacy work in tandem to maintain obedience.
Politics concerns people, people's involvement in politics is key in running an efficient political
system. Voting is possibly the most important aspect of political activity. Elections are held in which
people vote for their preferred political party, while referendums also play a key part in making
major political decisions. Political involvement doesn't stop with voting. Pressure Groups can be
joined in

Essay about Political Socialization
Political Socialization
Political socialization begins early on in life and is an ongoing process affecting individuals
throughout. It is how people eventually identify personal beliefs and expectations in American
politics. These political views can include our level of patriotism, faith in the democratic system,
standards by which we hold governing bodies, and opinions regarding public policies. From the
playground to the classroom, the office to the dinner table, much of our lives affect our political
opinions. The most easily identified agents of this are family, schooling, peers, mass media, political
parties and religious influences. Furthermore, these means indoctrinate us in the political society
through four basic...show more content...
As one matures, a certain peer groups reinforce beliefs. Elisabeth Noelle–Neumann, in her book
Spiral of Silence, explains individuals inherently fear social isolation from peers and are
apprehensive of speaking out against group ideas (Patterson 161).
Religion appeals to one's sense of affective socialization by encouraging puritan values and morals
supported by the church. The highly inviolable issue of abortion parleys condemnation by the
Catholic Church against the advocating for women's rights by pro–choice groups. Catholics, while
the strongest advocates, do not stand alone on this issue, as many religions preach abortion is the
murder of a child. By relating a medical procedure to murder, people are emotionally affected, and
instead of thinking rationally, resort to emotions to defend their stance.
Schools are another important faction in delivering affective socialization, but also deliver
instrumental socialization to America's youth. Elementary classroom instruction is generally where
children receive their first concrete lessons on the American political system. Teachers perform the
important civic duty of instructing young Americans in political history, general laws and rights, and
patriotism. Take for example the Pledge of Allegiance, recited across the nation in elementary
classrooms.
Day–in and day–out, children are ingrained with a

Political Identity can be referred to the collective aspect of the set of characteristics by which a
political party of your choice is recognizable or known. Politics exists all around the world
whether it involves the government, religion, debates, events, or individuals in general. It can be
quite difficult to determine one's Political Identity as this consists of various concepts. I am a
follower of the Liberal Party of Ontario which is aligned with the Canadian Liberal Party. The
following essay will be discussing the influences that have impacted me in order to create my own
Political Identity. Politics consists of three distinctive categories such as, the Conservative Party, the
Liberal Party and the New Democratic Party. The...show more content...
While attending school, I am exposed to a variety of races. Therefore schools tend to enforce
Liberalism as well. Due to this, many students choose to follow the Liberal Party. Not only do I
follow the Liberals because I such a society, but also because the Liberals have given individuals the
freedom of their choice. During the past, the women of Ontario were not granted the permission to
abort

American Government Essay example
American Government
Each type of government holds different views as to the role the leaders and citizens should perform
in their country .Different types of government include, oligarchy where the government is run by
the best leaders, Tyranny, where they believe those in power should have complete control over its
people. In the United States of America, we believe in democracy, rule by the majority. The main
problem with our type of government is maintaining it. Our government and its citizens have lost
sight of their roles and responsibilities, in government.
The role of the government in our country is defined in our Constitution as to, "establish Justice,
insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the...show more content...
Although I myself do not wish to participate in theses activities, I do not think that is my duty or that
of the governments to tell others that they cannot do these things. The government is crossing the
line from being a democracy to becoming a combination of Oligarchy and Tyranny type government
by telling its people what they can and cannot do in their private lives.
The private citizens seem to have lost sight of their role in government as well. The people have
forgotten that they are just as part of the government as the people that hold positions in office.
Citizens of this country sit around and complain about what the governments does or doesn't do.
They complain about the government running their lives. What they seem to have forgotten is, they
have elected theses people. When it comes to voting, the people should look into the person that
they are voting for. They need to ask themselves, What does this person stand for? Does this person
believe in the things that are important to me? Will this person make the right decisions? The
problem is,too many people just vote for whom ever is affiliated to the party of their choice. It is
the duty of the citizens of America to vote and vote wisely. We need to remember our role in
government, if we want the government to remember theirs.
How perfect would It be if our government was run according to Lao–tzu and his teachings in Tao–te
Ching? Lao–tzu believed in the unseen

Political Biography Essay
Conor Samuels
9 March 2010
Professor Simon
PSC 101
Political Autobiography In my life I have never had any political enforcement or strict religious
influence. My parents were very lenient when it came too political preaching. I was taught to be
a caring and respectful individual. My political understanding and beliefs have been molded from
my early political memories and socialization experiences. As a young adult I have always strived
to become knowledgeable about political ideals mainly because I was never really taught to
believe in something specific. I eventually was drawn towards many different social and political
perspectives, which is how I came to a logical conclusion of how I view the world politically...show
more content...
It is very important to be aware of what is going on in the world however sometimes reading can
be a better source or information than watching bias television broadcasts. I believe that if
children have to develop their own political opinion at a young age then they will attain values
and beliefs that are more logical. I had structure growing up as a kid and was directed to what was
right and wrong but I was not born into a political dictatorship. My parents were caring people and
emphasized that treating others with respect is more important than following some indoctrinated
code. I am fortunate to have been given the freedom to develop my own social and political views.
Having political guidance from family is important but being told that only one particular political
belief system is infallible is not the ideal way to educate. My parents have always preached equality,
and that all people should have equal opportunity to pursue their goals despite their religion, race,
ethnic background or sexual orientation. At a young age I was taught to recognize that all
Americans have an equal opportunity to aspire to an education regardless of their economic
condition. My parents were a large influence of how I view freedom of speech. They emphasized
that all individuals have the right to express their opinions and advocate their personal beliefs. One
of the key political concepts that I was born into was to fight for a clean environment. The
environment must be protected and

Examples Of Political Socialization
Political socialization is something that goes unnoticed for a while until you realize what your
political views are and why they are that way. Political Socialization can be defined as the lifelong
process by which people form their ideas about politics and acquire political values. This process
can be influenced by several factors such as what our peers think and what see on the news. These
factors will shape an individual's set of political attitudes and form opinions about social issues.
Political ideology is a certain set of ethical ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social
movement, institution, class or large group that explains how society should work, and offers some
political and cultural blueprint for a...show more content...
The school I attend has students and staff members are from all over the world and have many
different religions. Despite the diversity in my school, our political views are quite similar
especially due to our geographical position in the U.S. where this region is mostly democratic.
Last year in my history class when the 2016 presidential election was going on, my teacher hated
Donald Trump with a passion. He felt that he was not suitable to be the U.S. president and that
Hilary Clinton would've been an exceptional president if she was elected. My school is in
Elizabeth, New Jersey and it is considered a relatively low income state so we receive a lot of
federal funding so our city can function and has everything it needs. Donald Trump wanted to cut
federal spending to schools because it was putting the country in an "unredeemable" debt but without
federal funding, the well–being of schools in Elizabeth would cease to exist. School has greatly
informed me on what is going on in our world today and has shaped my political views to what
they are. The media is a source of information that all U.S. citizens have access to. Either they have
a cell phone, a computer, or a television, everyone can get information from the media. Mass media
have been considered a powerful agent of political socialization, affecting political attitudes and
behaviors of voters and non–voters. Newspaper and television news use significantly predicted
internal

Political Socialization Essay Examples
Whether you believe you have political socialization or not, you have some form of an opinion
towards the politics that take place around the world. My socialization is definitely influenced by
my race, religion and family. What has probably influenced me most is my family and race. I'm
originally from California which in the political world is considered a very open and liberal state.
The majority of my family are very open so classifying them as democrats is appropriate. The huge
thing I've always heard when I was growing up was "Be free to make your own decisions and live
the way you want to be." When same–sex marriage was legalized in all 50 states back in 2015, I did
see the republican views that a few members had come to play. My great–

Reflection Paper On Politics
Throughout this politics course, I can confidently say that I have learn much in the sense of what
issues are realistic and how these issues are handled within the government. Within each topic
discussed, I believe all were current and had beneficiary gain to have knowledge about them. In
this reflection paper, I will be going chapter to chapter stating what has stuck with in detail, as this
course is coming to an end. To start, In chapter one, Professor Chandler challenged our class with a
question stated as "Do you believe government order is necessary?" or something along those lines.
As I was able to review my thoughts on this questions, I stated "yes" and that was because I instinct
believe that was correct. Before this class, I...show more content...
In the year of 2014–15, about 57% of students received finical aid dollars being undergraduates.
Along with, learning about America intergovernmental system and finding out that United States has
over 89,000 local governments. To me, that is a high number. I never understood why so many local
officials were needed all over our country, but know I understand do. Without these local officials
being available throughout our communities, local issues could take much longer to come to
agreement without their help. For example, the Flint Water Crisis was not able to gain the attention
of the federal government, until commutation came within the state and local government. Further,
Chapter 4 was my most knowledgeable chapter from this course. I gained much insight in political
socialization and the media. Before learning about political socialization, I would have said that I
were to be blind on how much effect ones family, school, community, peers, and media had. For
example, as I do not like to judge people without personally knowing them, I never realized how
many people from my culture or similar background have the same poetical opinion on things such
as them races they believe to be "bad". My culture has been improving within years, though it is
difficult to progress with many of them have close–minded thoughts. Another topic learning about
that was a eye opener is on behalf of media, called the Federal Communications

Essay on Power and Politics
Introduction Have you ever wondered what role politics and power play in organizations? When
used effectively they can be compatible in reaching the organizations goals. Power is defined as the
ability to get someone to do something you want done or the ability to make things happen in the
way you want them. (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn, Chap. 15). Power is important within
organizations because it is the way in which management influences individuals to make things
happen. When power and influence combine, most of the time "politics" become involved in some
manner which may pose some problems. Organizational politics is best described as management
influenced by self–interest through the use of means not necessarily...show more content...
Information can be controlled to a "need to know" basis and/or just limited to the upper
management. This type of power compliments the legitimate power. Finally, there is Representative
power in which an organization uses an individual to be there spokesperson both within the
organization and when dealing with people outside of the organization. The second source of power
that influences individuals and organizations behaviors is known as Personal Power. This power
focuses more on the individual's independent nature within the position that he or she has been
placed. There are three sources under this power that are apparent in most organizations that are well
managed. The first is expert power in which control is based on the knowledge or experience that the
individual possesses in the position that he or she holds. Rational persuasion is the power to control
behavior by being able to show the desirable out comes through reasonable and acceptable means
within an organization. With the diverse personalities within an organization it is essential to have
management that is levelheaded and rational. The final basis of control within personal power is
referent power. It is controlling an individual's behavior within an organization by allowing them to
identify with the source of power that is over them.
Organizational Politics
The official definition of organizational politics

Political Socialization Essay Examples
Political Socialization Family : As told 71% knew their parents' party identification and shared
most identification with their parents. For example my parents' and I share many familiar
thoughts based on political ideas. With becoming a side between the democrats and republicans, I
knew for a fact I was a democrat just like my parents. Not only do we share thoughts and ideas but
we are able to see the rights and the wrongs of many political talks. Religion : Being taught about
god himself at such a young age, only showed me that I'm a proud believer of the Catholic church.
With the charts from The Public Agenda Foundations in 2001, quoted that public schools would
rather have a moment of silence than saying a prayer to whom they worship....show more content...
Therefore there could be close calls with agreeing with one another, like abortion for example as
book cited "Men and women are similar in their views on abortion." Clearly stating opposite
gender has opposite political views. As political views coming from me I would see how males
wouldn't want to ban gun controls and work issues. As females we come across other types of
obstacles in our way giving us different points of views. Schooling and Information : School
voucher could be used today in the world, but what are they? School vouchers are applied to
parents from the government to give their student an opportunity in private schooling. School can
affect political views by a lot, some classmates could be with the majority political side as everyone
else. I'm on the other side, not because of the color of my skin or where my family comes from. It
all comes down to what the speaker is saying. Social Class : My family and I are considered as
Middle class, although we look nothing like the middle class in society. But out in the street
people don't see that, they think because of our skin color we are lower class, because of the first
judgement. Seeing political views from our class makes us ponder over taxes problems and homeless

My New Political Ideology Essay
A population's views on political issues may change as different circumstances occur each day. The
environment around us has a powerful influence on the decisions that we produce and the views
that we as American citizens choose to hold. After a semester in political science class my views
and my political ideology have altered. Today I will explain howpolitical science class has influenced
my political ideology.
When this class initially began I was sure, without a doubt I was a conservative. As the semester
progressed I discovered the reasons I was considered conservative. The town a person grows up in,
financial status, social class, age, gender and the race of the individual have a strong influence on a
individuals...show more content...
Cal–trans provides a wonderful freeway system for southern Californians to get as far as Los
Angeles and back in time for dinner. Without such wonderful freeway systems and highway
systems, the economy of California would most likely not be as good as it is right now.
Unfortunately I still feel the American people are not ready to vote for the taxes we all pay. The
government is doing a descent job with our taxes; however with changes in the social programs the
American peoples taxes can be considerably lowered.
As a conservative, I still feel that the social class of the individual greatly affects the political
ideology that they have chosen. I have analyzed, that the education of the individual has a great
deal of affect on the political party of their choice. Most liberals are only against conservatives
due to medias bad review of conservatives. The media can affect our lives tremendously if we
believe what they have to say. Education is the key to determining the political party or political
ideology of our choice; therefore education is one of the leading issues many Americans feel
strongly about today. As I stated in my last paper, schooling is very important to the success of our
country. Although there are people that will argue that school should not be mandatory if the family
must send there children to work to provide

Examples Of Political Correctness
Political correctness is frequently satirised as a construct of a heavily censored society. However, it
is not essentially censorship, where it is the public or institutions censoring the language. Instead,
politically correct language is essentially self–censoring, as it is concerned more with the
mechanisms of the thought process and trying to change them. This is done by the encouragement
of use of certain lexemes, the creation of neologisms and finally, the semantic shift in various
lexical items. Through the use of these methods, politically correct language achieves its goal of
being contextually inoffensive. Pushes toward certain lexemes being adopted or dropped from
one's idiolect by lobby groups only succeed if accepted by each individual...show more content...
Various groups have been known to 'reclaim' words from their dysphemistic connotations to
become their preferred word of reference (cf queer). A currently ongoing example of this is the
'SlutWalk', provoked by a comment by a Toronto policeman who called a schoolgirl a slut for
dressing skimpily, despite knowing it was politically incorrect. The organisers around the world of
'SlutWalk' are trying to reclaim the word 'slut' be removing the connotations of an 'easy' woman.
According to Ruth Wajnryb in her book Language most foul, this movement can "raise public
consciousness about the offensivess of negatively loaded words, which hitherto had only been
registered as such by women." Conversely, phrases created to gloss over politically incorrect terms
or taboos are also subject to semantic shift. A majority of politically correct language is of
euphemistic origin, however have the possibility of becoming tainted as stated by the
Allan–Burridge Law of Semantic Change: bad connotations drive out good ones. When this occurs,
it is up to users of these phrases to find synonymic expressions because, as previously stated, it is
through self–censoring that political correctness occurs. Semantic shifts in politically correct
language are due to changing taboos but the lexemes themselves are ultimately chosen by each user
of the

Essay about Extreme Political Polarization
Extreme Political Polarization
The political climate today is increasingly becoming more turbulent as Republicans and Democrats
volley for superiority in Washington. The two parties are becoming more polarized by the hour, and
this is affecting the ability of the government to move forward and pass legislation and continue to
improve America. The Senate is in a state of gridlock on some of the most important issues to the
people of the United States to date, and yet the senators which the people elected are instead caught
up in fighting the people on the other side of the aisle. They should be listening to what their
constituents need and want. Today Republican senators are using filibusters, scare tactics, and even
entire news networks...show more content...
The blocking of legislation is nothing new to the Republican party. According to the article Why
Washington's Tied Up in Knots, Republicans have been blocking legislation since the late nineteen
sixties, where they blocked a little less than ten percent of major legislation using the filibuster
tactic. The filibuster was a rare thing to behold, on average only occurring once every ten years,
until during Bill Clinton's term in which nearly fifty eight filibusters had been enacted by the
Republican party. The number of filibusters has nearly doubled in just the past year alone, with a
whopping one thirty eight filibusters (United States Senate), all instigated by the Republican party to
block as many of President Barack Obama's initiatives as possible, including the delay and possible
destruction of the all important health care bill. Filibustering is not the only tactic that has been used
to polarize politics in government today. Propaganda is also one of the more widely used tools by
today's politicians. Propaganda can take many forms, and often uses every type of media to
perpetuate stereotypes, fear mongering, and slant the story, often making the task of finding the truth
increasingly difficult. Traditionally used in magazines and print media, propaganda often took the
forms of humorous cartoons, with symbolic illustrations and

Political Institutions Essay
Political institutions have been around since nearly all human societies were organized tribally.
Over time they have developed into various organizational features and eventually taken the shape
they do today. They have proven to be fundamental in virtually all societies worldwide and by
being so omnipresent we often take these institutions for granted and do not realize how vital they
are for our society. Moreover, because they are so important and play such a big part in our society,
there is a major purpose to compare them between time and place. Therefore, this paper will first
elaborate on explanations for political institutions and through that process come up with a working
definition. Furthermore, it will explain why political...show more content...
Political institutions have been developed by human beings throughout history to generate order and
diminish insecurity (North, 1991) One of the main explanations to why they create order is because
by influencing the way entities interact in politics, these political institutions significantly affect the
potentials for individuals and groups to resolve collective problems and identify shared interest
(Weir, 1992; Moe, 2005; Johnson, 2001). One apparent example is how parties create political
alliances and in some cases governmental coalitions. Therefore, political institutions are vital as
they stabilize and structure interactions (Hall 1986; Przeworski, 2004), and by being forces of
stability also offer predictability (Hague & Harrop, 2010). Furthermore, Moe (2005) claims that
political institutions essentially exist and are significant because they make people better off.
Whereas North (1981; 1990) and Minier (2001) do not fully share this opinion and rather contend
that in order to benefit everyone in society and also for the economy to grow rulers have to adopt the
correct political institutions. Thus, in order to find what the "correct" political institutions might be,
there is an intrinsic motivation to compare these between time and place.
To be able to comprehend the bigger picture of political power it is crucial to understand how
political institutions work and in order

Examples Of Political Reform
"I often wonder whether we do not rest our hopes too much upon constitutions, upon laws, and
upon courts. These are false hopes; believe me, these are false hopes. Liberty lies in the hearts of
men and women; when it dies there, no constitution, no law, not court can save it" (Judge Learned
Hand, uen.org). In other words, one should not depend on these constitutions to make the changes
they wish to see. In history, there have been numerous examples of political reform and change, but,
in many cases, it was possible because an individual or group of people believed in something so
strongly that they did everything in their power to initiate a transformation in society. Some tactics
used were very successful, while others weren't quite as...show more content...
In the early 1900s, New York was home to a large number of factories whose workforce was made
up primarily of young immigrant women helping to support their families. The working conditions
were catastrophic, their wages were approximately two dollars a day and the workday was at
minimum 14–hours. The factory conditions and employee wages caused workers from all around
the city to protest and participate in strikes. Unfortunately, the protests and strikes often led to
violent retribution from employers, which was a common method to suppress the reformers. For
example, Clara Lemlich, a very influential individual during this time, was beat up by a man
named Charlie Rose for her offense of leading a massive strike. Many rights that the employees
were fighting for would have never come to fruition if it hadn't been for the tragic triangle factory
fire, which brought to light the horrid working conditions and resulted in over 30 laws being
passed. Comparatively to the strikes held by the employees of these large companies, in the fall of
1968, students and faculty of San Francisco State University participated in a strike that made
national news. The reasoning behind this strike was that off–campus students were experiencing
discrimination based on culture and ethnicity, and no ethnic programs were available to the students
on campus. The police suppressed the reformers by

Political Realism Essay examples
People's ideas and assumptions about world politics shape and construct the theories that help
explain world conflicts and events. These assumptions can be classified into various known
theoretical perspectives; the most dominant is political realism. Political realism is the most
common theoretical approach when it is in means of foreign policy and international issues. It is
known as "realpolitik" and emphasis that the most important actor in global politics is the state,
which pursues self–interests, security, and growing power (Ray and Kaarbo 3). Realists generally
suggest that interstate cooperation is severely limited by each state's need to guarantee its own
security in a global condition of anarchy. Political realist view...show more content...
The declining use of military force is the questionable aspect of this perspective because throughout
the years it has been demonstrated that this is not true. Military engagements in the nations states
continue to be a problem and a violation to the state's sovereignty established by the Peace of
Westphalia in 1648. Although both of these theoretical perspectives have their flaws, they can both
be used to analyze current issues of today, thus establishing different interpretations for the same
events, such as the oil crisis, global warming, and the most recent issue the occupy movements. To
begin with, one of the issues in today's society that has remained a dilemma for many years has
been the oil crisis. The oil crisis is the problems where the major industrial countries of the world,
particularly the United States, faced substantial shortages of petroleum. As mentioned in Maxine's
presentation in my Pols–311 class, the two worst crises of oil have been the 1973 oil crisis, caused by
the Arab Oil Embargo of OAPEC, and the 1979 energy crisis, caused by the Iranian Revolution. The
issue of the oil crisis has lead many nations to seek petroleum by violating states sovereignty and
using the military in many occasions to do so. It has also lead nations like the United States to
military support monarchies and dictatorships that would allow the United States to

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