Interpretive Essay Definition

This section will provide a brief summary of the advantages and disadvantages of some
Interpretivist, qualitative research methodologies. Specifically, methods included in the policy
analysis in this essay and those discussed in this module. The scope of this essay does not allow for
an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of positivist methods as well.
Narrative analysis such as analysing personal documents like the email responses in this policy,
provides rich social, political and cultural context and insight to research or a population however this
method may be time consuming and unreliable as there is no way of knowing if the data is correct.
(Mays, Pope and Popay, 2005) (Williamson, 2017)
Participant observation such as the engagement events in this policy is a favoured method of
Interpretivist research as it provides rich detailed data of how people actually live and by
participating in a situation it gives the researcher increased insight and understanding of the
population they are researching. However, becoming involved in a community can be costly and
time consuming and the data may become biased as the researcher has become imbedded in the
community or environment the research is taking place. (Mays and Pope, 1995)
Unstructured interviews such as the meetings with mental health organisations in the policy review,
allow for flexibility in questioning which allows the interview to follow a natural progression and for
the interviewer to change questioning
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Example Of Interpretive Paradigm
5.2 Interpretive Paradigm The interpretive paradigm has its theoretical roots in hermeneutics,
phenomenology and symbolic interactionism. The qualitative research methodologies are based on
interpretive research paradigm. This paradigm believes that we should conduct research to
comprehend social life and describe how people construct social meaning. It seeks to understand the
meaning human actions and experiences and generate accounts of those meanings from the
perspective of the participants in the research. This approach to social science research rejects the
positivist idea that the research methods of physical sciences can be used in the social sciences to
understand the human behaviour. Interpretivists argue that the fundamental causes...show more
content...
Thus, the reality as we know it is constructed through the meanings and understandings that we
develop through our social experiences and interactions. It believes that human beings are social
beings who create meaning and constantly engage in making sense of their worlds. In order to
explain the social reality, Interpretivists describe how the meaning system of a group emerges and is
sustained over time; and the theory contains information that is detailed, situated in a context and
involves minimal abstraction. Interpretivists consider the common sense as powerful everyday
theories that are useful in understanding people and are as much valid as science as they guide our
daily lives. Interpretivists thus believe that good evidence is one which is situated in the context of a
person's social interactions, to which the meanings are assigned. Here, social dialogue is important
to generate findings and knowledge claims as it through the dialogue that conflicting interpretations
emerge and negotiated between the community members. It is through this dialectical process that
we can have a better and sophisticated understanding of the social environment of the individuals.
So, it is important to foster a dialogue between the researcher and the

This is a qualitative case study conducted under an interpretive research paradigm. From an
ontological perspective, unlike the position of the positivist paradigm in which there is the belief
that there is only one truth and that objective reality does exist independent of human perception,
this study employs the constructivist view of reality and the essence of phenomenon. The
constructivists view truth as relative and dependent on one's perspective. This paradigm "recognises
the importance of the subjective human creation of meaning, but doesn't reject outright some notion
of objectivity" (Crabtree & Miller, 1999, p. 10). This study concurs with constructivists in that
subjectivity is an inevitable part of our endeavour to understand a phenomenon, and reality is
constructed and reconstructed through the process of human and social interaction (Mackenzie &
Knipe, 2006). In my case, participants' subjectivities are an inevitable part of my endeavour to
understand the issues of the construction of teachers' professional identity, which my research
focuses on. With regard to the aims of this study, as mentioned earlier, I believe that understanding
can be drawn from a deep and careful analysis of participants' biographies, their schooling and
teacher training experiences, and their everyday teaching practicum experiences. Participants'
experiences were gathered from various methods of data collection (which will be described in
section 5.4), and analysis was conducted to

Interpretive Essay
Is Liberate Art A Way of Life?
In many instances, individuals neglect to acknowledge the importance of school and a higher
education. The individuals who view education as their number one priority see staying in school is
important. Why is it important? Is staying in school going to benefit the student/individual? In this
essay, I will explain why the literate arts are important and for what they are good. I will also give
the opinions of others and what my views are. Richard Miller, the writer of " The Dark Night of
The Soul" writes, " I have these doubts, you see, doubts silently shared by many who spend their
days teaching others the liberate arts. Aside from gathering and analyzing information, aside from
generating critiques and...show more content...
As I read, "The Dark Night of the Soul" by Richard E. Miller, I found it to be an interesting read.
He inquires, why we read, why we write and what might literate arts be said to be good for? In his
essay he describes the school massacres that have occurred throughout the years. As he describes
these events, he asks a deeper question, "What is the point of continuing to read, write and learn in
the face of such underlying dangers. I think that with all that is happening, individuals/students
should continue with education because reading, television, writing and communication makes a
difference in the lives of individuals around the world. The bottom line is that literary art has a way
of touching students unexpectedly one way or another and students should not just throw the art
away because of society's perception.
Works Cited
Miller E., Richard. "The Dark Night of the Soul".Ways of Reading: An Anthology for
Writers. 9th. David Bartholomae & Anthony Petrosky. Boston: Bedford St. Martin's Press, 2010.
420–442. Print.
"Dead Air." The Ghost Whisperer. CBS. WWJ
–TV, New York City. 8 Jan. 2010.

Positivism vs Interpretivism Essay
Compare and contrast positivist and interpretive perspectives underpinning social research–
This essay intends to investigate by comparing and contrasting positivist and interpretive
perspectives that surround social research. It will look into the use of methods such as quantitative
and qualitative research and the effects and outcomes that this has in relation to social research. This
will include the variations amongst them in both a positive and negative light.
Before research can be undertaken the researcher must investigate the various methodologies,
methods, theoretical perspectives and philosophical bases which surrounds the research. This will
then enable researchers to use a wide variety of research methods in order to enhance...show more
content...
'The individual is relegated to being nothing more than a system outcome, not a thinking and acting
human' (Bryman, 2008)
A researcher looking into the use of positivist methodology would look into the use of methods such
as: survey's, questionnaires and statistic models. They aim to identify and measure social structures;
this type of research can be seen by looking into the study of Durkheim's study of suicide with which
Durkheim was referred to as a positivist. He believed that sociological theories must invest beneath
the surface of phenomena and find out the hidden underlying causes behind behaviour. He claimed
that sociology and its findings should be more than that of a speculation and that it should support
its claims with evidence and statistics, Including important factors which can impact on the data
which has been found. This includes taking into account hidden factors such as; economic
depression, family mortality, and the slave trade all of which have impacted in this study on the
rate of suicide. (Alcock, Margaret, Rowlingson, 2008) These methods have however been heavily
criticised as being a flawed area for social research as they are seen to exclude significant issues in
which it fails to address. (Beckett, 2006) This includes the failure of taking into account essential
characteristics of human behaviour and social life which is unable to

The Interpretive Mode Of Communication Essay
2. Interpretive Mode of Communication Interpretive Communication is a mode that relies heavily on
the media to relay its message. It is one–way receptive communication that is received by listening,
reading, or viewing advertisements. Children, the most impressionable of consumers, are highly
influenced by advertisements and its particular appeal to the subconscious. The use of specific
colors and licensed characters are two marketing strategies that food marketers employ. These
strategies fall into this mode of communication and influence children's opinions about brands and
products. 2a. Color Theory Color theory is a visual and psychological concept that helps explain
why certain products are chosen instead of those from competing brands. McDonald's, a
fast–food–chain that has spent $528.8 million in food marketing, has specifically catered products
towards children through the use of color. In research done by Worcester Polytechnic Institute, they
noted "...the use of bright colors (on products) is commonly used for children to associate the
product with fun and games. As an example, McDonald's actively uses bright colors throughout their
marketing campaign and in their restaurants in order to promote and facilitate these emotional
reactions among children" (Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2007). Marketers, much like McDonald
's, have realized that there is a science behind specific colors and desires/moods. For instance, the
color red, which is used in a

Abstract
Qualitative data such as Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) are under constant scrutiny
by Quantitative researchers looking for legitimacy. Elliot et al., 1999, were able to provide this
legitimacy by creating seven key guidelines; owning one's perspective, situating the sample,
grounding in examples, providing credibility checks, coherence, accomplishing general versus
specific research tasks and resonating with the reader. Focus is given to these guidelines throughout
the review of the above– titled paper to highlight how these can be applied. The article focuses on
the phenomenon, anger, and the use of IPA to help understand this. The purposes of the article are to
highlight how anger and other factors appear to...show more content...
Fischer, C, T,. Rennie, D, L,. 1999). Elliot et al. (1999) were such researchers, who were successful
in creating seven key guidelines that can be utilised in any qualitative research. These guidelines are
as follows, owning one's perspective, situating the sample, grounding in examples, providing
credibility checks, coherence, accomplishing general versus specific research tasks and resonating
with the reader. Further detail will be discussed in relation to these guidelines during the following
evaluation. Attention will also be paid to how these guidelines can be applied to IPA analysis.
Main Body
The article, Understanding feelings of anger using IPA (Smith & Eatough, 2006), has two key focus
areas. Firstly is the use of IPA. Secondly is the understanding and interpretation of anger as
experienced by the individual. Throughout the article, each section explains how the method, IPA is
utilised. The purpose of the article is "to illuminate how ..., anger, emotion–related feelings, thoughts
and expressions appear to the individual" (Smith & Eatough, 2006). They argued that emotions are
more often than not, world– focused and proposed that a holistic approach was required to fully
understand this phenomenon. This was studied as a single sample, case study. Data was analysed
using IPA with results showing anger

Example Of Interpretative Phenomenology
This essay introduces interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), a qualitative research
approach, which has recently gained popularity in health sciences (Smith, Flowers, & Larkin,
2009). The paper will start with a research question associated with health in order to give an
example of forming a question in IPAresearch, and will be followed by introducing phenomenology
in general and itВґs different approaches. Then, the key and the broad characteristics of IPA will be
explained and brief overview of data collection methods and analysis will be introduce. Finally
justification of the methodology and conclusions will be made.
My qualitative research question of IPA is "How do people make sense of their life with chronic neck
pain after...show more content...
Descriptive (transcendental) phenomenology is a way of meaning–making by studying the
phenomenon as it figures in consciousness (Giorgi, 1997). Husserl thought that meaning–making is
like a process where the consciousness starts to develop individual's reality (Smith et al., 2009). In
order to observe and describe individualВґs life world without advertently adding researcherВґs
theories to findings, known facts and researcherВґs own views must be bracketed (Giorgi, 1997;
Koch 1995). Bracketing leads the researcher away from distractions and allows to concentrate on
observed phenomenon (Koch, 1995; Smith et al., 2009). However, it is argued whether it is possible
to describe something without adding your own thoughts and interpretation (Pringle, Drummond,
McLafferty, & Hendry, 2011). In reality, it is difficult to study and observe something without
making own

Self Interpretive Essay
Anne Riley Laid Off: One of the most interesting topics covered in class for me was that of
emotions and moods. I have a hard time understanding when and how to express my emotions.
This has been a real problem for me in all of my relationships, both professional and personal.
Though I have never been laid off I feel I relate to the case of Anne Riley to some degree. Anne was
able to better understand and recognize her emotions and in the long run benefited from that
knowledge. The case begins with Anne Riley meeting with a recruiter from Goldman Sachs' Private
Equity Group. She is hoping that this interview will eventually pay off with a permanent job upon
her graduation. Throughout the case many descriptive words were used so...show more content...
The case describes her determination and hard work. Raised by her mother Anne began earning
her own money at the age of 15. Anne was the first in her family to attend college and graduated
with a Bachelor of Science degree with a focus in finance. She understood from a young age that
work offered a direct payoff; the harder she worked the bigger her reward in the end. Anne, like
me, had goals for her life. She had a direction and path she wanted to follow and knew what she
had to do to get there. She had chosen a career in private equity and knew that a person with these
aspirations spent a few years after college working and moving up within a firm before attending
school. Anne was offered a position with Storrow after a rough interview process. Anne soon
relocated to a new city leaving her family, friends, and life behind her in New York. Being
confident in her goals and plans Anne found a nice apartment, furnished it, and began a small
family (adopted a dog). Like Anne, I too relocated to a new city in order to pursue my current job.
I moved quickly leaving behind friends and relationships I had come to cherish. I moved into an
apartment with my small family not knowing the area or anyone near us. I too felt confident in
myself and knew I would be here for a while moving up in my career. I have invested in my
education because I know that if I aspire to provide for my family I will need an education. I also will

Andrew E. Hill Interpretive Pitfalls
Though approaching the Old Testament with sound mind and pure heart, the reader may
inadvertently fall into "interpretive pitfalls". According to A Survey of the Old Testament, by
Andrew E. Hill, some of these pitfalls include but aren't limited to: not understanding The Bible
didn't come in English, or through Western culture (17), not allowing theBible to speak for itself
(26), not recognizing presuppositions (26), or even ignoring the author's message in favor of how
the interpreter wants to use the text (27). Of these downfalls, ignoring the author's message must be
the worst. To ignore the message of the author means you have studied and properly understood the
meaning of what you've read; however, you've chosen to manipulate The Word

The constructivist–interpretative paradigm states that reality is constructed through interactions
between a researcher and the research subject. According to Smith (2008), "[s]cientific knowledge
can be created by virtual experience and conversations" (p. 102). Berger directly went into the
Northern communities and spoke to many people about the Pipeline project. The indigenous people
interviewed stated to Berger, how the Mackenzie Valley Pipelinewould personally affect them; this
is an example of a micro level of analysis, which is the ontology of this paradigm. The Inquiry
focuses on individual counts of the pipeline rather then the whole community. Other paradigms, for
example the critical paradigm, focus on how oppressed groups have...show more content...
21). Any claims that are made outside of what has been said to Berger are not reality. According to
Travers (2010), "there is no material reality that exists outside of interpretation to be accurately
described (p. 22). Hearing only from the people who are living in the North or the corporations that
are planning to build the pipeline is problematic. For example, specialist in drilling or the
environmental specialists may have an insight that goes beyond what is heard from the people
impacted by the pipeline. Constructivist–interpretative epistemology states that research findings are
constructed and are not discovered (Travers, 2010, p. 23). The indigenous peoples and other people
living in the North have a personal view of the pipeline project and their view is seen as reality.
For instance, Richard Nerysoo in the Inquiry describes how he feels the pipeline would bring to
the people to the North. Berger (1988) quotes Richard Nerysoo, "[t]he pipeline means more [white
people] who will be followed by even more white people. White people bring their language, their
political system, their economy, their schools, their culture. They push the Indian aside and take
over everything" (p. 188). The researcher is going to take what was said and interpret the evidence.
Constructivist–interpretative methodology is an important component of this paradigm. According
to Travers (2010) this "approach examines how people

Essay On Interpretive Reading
Interpretive reading is very important in many ways to the modern world. Interpretive reading
which forms the larger part of the art of public reading is fun, informative, challenging but needs
some day to day strategies to be successful. (39 words)
First, it is important to conduct proper research on various materials available for presentation.
Proper selection of the literature to be presented sets the base for application of other strategies that
will enhance the presentation. A properly selected literature identifies with the theme of the
presentation, the purpose of the presentation, the age bracket of the audience and the expected
outcome of the presentation in terms of message delivery. Proper choice of words and phrases forms
the backbone of effective communication. This is a key characteristic in many speeches of the great
orators and leaders whose words will continue to reign over generations even after they are long
gone. (109 words)
Good understanding of the item of presentation is...show more content...
It is important to know how to apply the skill in passing information. For example a supervisor in a
company can apply a high tone when giving instructions to the workers but will use a low tone in
reporting to his manager. The tone of communication determines the level of control one has over
the other in communication. It brings out the inner feelings of the speaker preparing the listener for
appropriate response. It is important apply tonal variation with ultimate care to avoid sending
inconsistent signals while speaking. Tonal variation is an important aspect of modern presentation
as it is used to express different moods. It is from the tonal variation of a speaker through which the
audience is able to identify whether he or she is happy or unhappy with the issue under
consideration. It gives meaning to the words used and helps the listener to understand different
moods of people and then respond accordingly. (167

Euthyphro Interpretative Essay
Interpretive essay for Euthyphro
Euthyphro, a priest in Plato's dialogue, strives throughout the reading to teach his religion to
Socrates. Since Euthyphro portrays himself to be the most intelligent human to mankind, Socrates
believes that he must know every words meaning and that guides Socrates to ask him about a word
he is curious about; piety. Piety is something he is very curious about and asks Euthyphro many
questions about it.
Euthyphro gives five intricate versions of piety, but one of them is peculiar and brings to my
attention. On page 7 line a, Euthyphro states that "what is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is
impious." This definition poses a valid argument and an invalid argument. The implications I gather
from it is that

The Interpretive Approach For Communication
The Interpretive Approach to Communication In communication, there are three different
approaches: social science, interpretive, and critical. All three approaches differ greatly in their
paradigms, or belief systems, on how the study of communication should be approached. Of the three
approaches, the Interpretive Approach is the one that suits me the best. Why you might ask? Simply
put, it just makes sense. The interpretive Approach, also referred to as the Humanistic Approach, is
looking at communication through a system of thoughts that celebrate human nature and it's
potential. Simply put, this approach looks specifically at human nature as it pertains to a specific
person, or specific group, as a whole rather than the general consensus. As with the other methods,
the Interpretive Approach has it's own assumptions, theories and methods, ethical issues, and
strengths and limitations. When studying communication, there are certain assumptions to be made.
These assumptions vary depending on the paradigm that the researcher is following. In the
Interpretive Approach, the major assumption is that humans construct their own reality, and
researchers must tap into and understand that reality. This could not be truer, as everyone has their
own perception of the world around them and reality in general. It is also assumed that the focus will
be on the communicator. The Interpretive Approach draws focus on the creativity of humans rather
than our predictability. Following the

Theories are categorized as either interpretive or objective. A better understanding is the purpose of
interpretive theories explored through text or speech. Interpretive theories are apparent when
looking at texts, meanings, value, and culture. Opposite of this is the objective theory, which seeks
accuracy. A more in depth look of objective theories will be discussed based on several scientific
standards: explanation of the data, prediction of future events, relative simplicity, hypotheses that
can be tested, practical utility and quantitative research are the scientific standards. Objectivity is
observed through variables, predictions, surveys, experiments, and controlled settings. Although the
listed objective standards are important, the qualitative research portion is the most valuable.
Quantitative research is needed for the first scientific standard to exist, which is the explanation of
the data. In the scientific community, quantitative research corresponding to numbers is far more
dependable than words. For instance, precision in numbers is needed in order to measure frequency.
In addition, we use numbers to measure time whether it be days, weeks, months or years. Numbers
are crucial is measuring time, distance, money, weight, and so on. Correspondingly, with numbers
being very precise, there is less room for the researcher to be subjective. Numbers tend to show truth
within experiments and surveys and can somehow measure success and failures through

Sociological Approach To Deviance Essay
Exploration into the social world embarks upon the various methods and functions that are
responsible for constructing the concise understandings of sociology. The concept of deviance
configures into the sociological outlook through the emancipation of social control. Hence, the
factors associated with deviant objectives immerse among the ways in which sociology is conducted.
The enormity of sociological concepts happens to be broken down into three definite approaches,
which allows the fundamentals to be processed via perspective. Deviance, then can be explained
within these methods to procure the effects that each form has on social contexts. Therefore, the
approaches to sociology and the forms of deviance determine significant elements in the societal
atmosphere.
As sociologists divulge into the complexities of their studies, there engages a pattern of similarities
among differing areas of sociology. By close examination of the repetitive patterns, a specific method
evolves for researching and understanding that category of societal contexts. Therefore, an evolution
of three different approaches were conducted in order to achieve the extent of information available
in sociology. Strategic methods allowed multiple perspectives to examine the same content while
reaching various objectives, hence acquiring numerous solutions to a singular issue. With the
availability of a range of solutions came forth the sociological approaches: Positivist Sociology,
Interpretive Sociology,

Interpretative Phenomenology : A Study Essay
Interpretative phenomenology is a method of reviewing how participants lived experiences help to
understand a phenomenon in a study (Willig, 2001). The structural findings that emerged from the
protГ©gГ©s lived experiences are discussed along with their relationship to relevant literature
Strayhorn et al. (2008) conducted a study at an HBCU where the theoretical framework of
Othermother emerged. According to the authors, the theory centered around the vested interest that
faculty and administrators took in developing relationships with their students. Through these
relationships, the student became like family to the participants of this study. So, I was motivated
to see if the same level of care or motivation could be duplicated at a PWI university in the South.
Based on the findings of this study, several of the protГ©gГ©s did, in fact, indicate that the
relationships they formed with their mentors extended beyond just mentoring. Furthermore, several
of them viewed their mentors as members of their family; like big brothers or a substitute father.
Keith, for instance, described his relationship with Dr. Bostic as "a father figure" who has been
there for him in ways that his own dad never was there to support him. Keith went on to share that
Dr. Bostic told him on several occasions that he was personally vested in his success at South
University because he knows what it feels like to be an African American male on the campus of a
PWI in the South. According to the data

Participant Observation Essay
Naturally, I found that participant observation and interviews generated different types of
information. Participant observation generated information, outlined previously in the essay, that
was subjective. Interviews, on the contrary, gave me a relatively in–depth insight into my
informants' lives, these insights will be explained later in the essay. Interviews allowed me to
combine my informants' views with my own academic theories. Having multiple sources of
information further allowed me to answer my original question, 'Are public spaces fully public?'.
This section of the essay is my ethnography in its final form.вЂЁI first met Sarah during my initial
participant observation. The library was quiet as it was a Tuesday, and, as it was my

Purpose Of Interpretive Regulations
Interpretive regulations are rules issued by an agency to help clarify existing regulations and laws.
Interpretive regulations do not create a new law or change a regulation it just help understand the
point of that statute better. They exist to help clarify or explain a statute or regulation. Interpretive
rules are simply a way of how agency understands the statute and their duties. Interpretive law cannot
be used in a legal procedure its only there to remind agencies of their

Interpretive Theory Compared to Objective Theory
Lindsey Corradino
June 9, 2013
Texas Tech University
Interpretative and Objective Theory
Introduction Understanding the differences and similarities of interpretive and objective theory
approaches is key to further expand one's knowledge of communication studies. Author of A First
Look at Communication Theory Em Griffin, describes interpretive theories as "the linguistic work of
assigning meaning or value to communicative texts; assumes that multiple meanings or truths are
possible" (Griffin, p.15). He also defines objective theory as "the assumption that truth is singular
and is accessible through unbiased sensory observation; committed to uncovering cause–and–effect
...show more content...
Standard 4 creates a community of agreement, meaning that interpretive theory must be supported by
other scholars, and must also become the subject of widespread analysis. Standard 5 is the reform of
society, and critical interpreters are reformers who can have an impact of society and generate
change. The last standard is Standard 6, and states that interpretive research must contain qualitative
research; interpretive scholars use words to support their theories by the use of textual analysis and
ethnography.
So as you can see, both theories contain specific characteristics that set them apart as two different
approaches to better understand communication. It is key to remember that objective uses
quantitative research, while interpretive uses qualitative research because if you can understand
what the two different types of research are, you can easily remember all of the other standards
because of what the research styles are made up of.
Theoretical Orientation There are two different types of orientations that a theory can be, objective,
which uses quantitative data and believes in singular truths, and there is interpretive, which uses
qualitative data and believes in multiple meanings and truths. Different types of studies can fall
under each of the two approaches, and will be seen further into the course as specific studies and
theories are mentioned and examined. Some studies could be concluded as

Interpretive Essay Definition

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