RAIN Technology (Redundant/reliable array of inexpensive/independent nodes) is a heterogeneous collection of nodes called clusters linked through numerous interfaces to networks configured in fault-tolerant topologies.

1. RAIN Technology

2.  Introduction.
 Evolution.
 Goals of RAIN Technology.
 Architecture.
 Topologies Using RAIN
 Features of RAIN.
 Advantages.
 Application.
 Future scope.
 Conclusion.
 References.
RAIN Technology

3. RAIN stand’s for Reliable Array of Independent
Nodes
I. A component that stores data across distributed
processors and retrieves it even if some of the
processors fail.
II. A communications component that creates a redundant
network between multiple processors and supports a
single, uniform way of connecting to any of the
processors.
III. A computing component that automatically recovers
and restarts applications if a processor fails
RAIN Technology

4.  The RAIN technology originated in a research project
at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech),in
collaboration with NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory
and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA).
 The RAIN research team in 1998 formed a company
called Rainfinity. Rainfinity is a company that
primarily deals with creating clustered solutions for
enhancing the performance and availability.
RAIN Technology

5. RAIN Technology
I. RAIN Technology is able to offer the solution by
minimizing number of nodes in the chain connecting
the client and server.
II. RAIN Technology making the exiting nodes more
robust and independent of each other.
III.RAIN Technology provides the feature of replacing a
faulty node by a healthy one.

6. RAIN Technology

7.  Reliable transport?
 Consistent global state sharing?
 protocol?
 Always-On-IP?
 Local and Global Fault Monitors?
 Secure and Central Management?

8. 1) BUS TOPOLOGY
2) STAR TOPOLOGY
3) RING TOPOLOGY
RAIN Technology

9. RAIN Technology

10. RAIN Technology

11. RAIN Technology

12. 1. It includes scalability and high availability.
2. Many novel features in an attempt to deal
with faults in nodes, network, and data
storage.
3. Fault tolerant interconnect.
4. Group members
5. Data storage
RAIN Technology

13. Scalability
Scalability is the ability of a system to
provide throughput in proportion to, and
limited only by, available hardware
resources. A scalable system is one that
can handle increasing numbers of requests
without adversely affecting response time
and throughput.

14. High Availability
• The availability of a system or any component
in that system is defined by the percentage of
time that it works normally. The formula for
determining the availability for a system is:
• Availability = average time to failure (ATTF) /
[average time to failure (ATTF) + average time
to recover (ATTR)]

15. RAIN Technology
Data Storage
Fault tolerance in data storage across many disks is
obtained using redundant storage schemes. Novel
error-correcting codes have been developed for this
purpose. These are array codes that encode and
decode using simple XOR operations.

16. Fault Tolerance
The ability of a system to respond
gracefully to an unexpected
hardware or software failure. There are
many levels of fault tolerance, the lowest
being the ability to continue operation in
the event of a power failure

17. I. There is no limit on the size of a RAIN cluster.
II. There is no concept of master-slave relation.
III.A RAIN cluster can tolerate multiple node failure.
IV.This is highly efficiency in traffic management.
V. New node can be added into the cluster to participate
in load sharing.
VI.It work with many different intermit application
RAIN Technology

18. Rain technology suffers with some
drawback as specified below:
1) As the rain technology requires
placement of switches in between of
structure, so it becomes little expensive.
2) Secondly, Installation and configuration is
time consuming and requires
maintenance also.
3) Although if the node of the topology fails,
it will not disturb the topology
completely as mentioned above but if
the switch fails, it affects the network
partially and switch has to be repaired
as early as possible.

19.  High Availability Video Server.
 High Availability Web Server.
 Distributed Check pointing Mechanism.
RAIN Technology

20. RAIN Technology
 Development of API’s for using the various building
blocks.
 The implementation of a real distributed file system
using the partitioning scheme developed here.
 The group communication protocols are being
extended to address more challenging scenarios.

21.  The goal of the RAIN project has been to build a test-
bed for various building blocks that address fault
management
 Communication and storage in a distributed
environment.
 The creation of such building blocks is important for the
development of a fully functional distributed computing
system.
RAIN Technology

22. [1]. www.wikipedia.com
[2]. www.searchdatacenter:techtargetcom
[3]. www.campusfever.com
[4]. www.google.com
[5]. www.seminartime.com
RAIN Technology

23. RAIN Technology