Nitric acid Preparation & Uses

1. TOPIC :
NITRIC ACID & HCL
PRESENTED By
Khurram Bashir
B1F17BSCH0057

2. NITRIC ACID

3. PREPARATION OF NITRIC ACID

5. EXPLANATION OF STEPS

10. USES OF NITRIC ACID
 Nitric acid is used in the production of ammonium
nitrate for fertilizers, making plastics, and in the
manufacture of dyes.
 It is also used for making explosives such as
nitroglycerin and TNT. When it is combined with
hydrochloric acid, an element called aqua regia is
formed.

11. DISADVANTAGES OF NITRIC ACID
 Nitric acid (HNO3) is highly corrosive. If inhaled, it
irritates and burns the lungs and throat badly,
potentially leading to pulmonary edema and death.
If it's swallowed, it burns through the lining of the
throat and stomach. Finally, note that breathing
nitrogen can kill you too

13. Introduction:
Hydrochloric acid is a clear, colorless, highly pungent
solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water.
It is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many
industrial uses. Hydrochloric acid is found naturally in
gastric acid.
As an monoprotic acid and one of the six common
strong mineral acids, it is the least likely to be subject
to an oxidation-reduction reaction.

15. Methods
 Synthesis from elements (Burning Process)
 Organic By-product Synthesis.
 Metallic chlorides with Sulfuric acid.
 Waste Incineration.
 Thermal decomposition of hydrated heavy metals

16. Organic by-product Synthesis
 Hydrochloric acid is made during chlorination of organic
products as follows:
 RH₂+ Cl₂→RCl + HCl
 Hydrochloric acid is also made during fluorination of
chlorinated organic products to manufacture
(hydro)chlorofluorocarbons as follows:
 RCl + HF →RF + HCl
 Where RCl stands for chloroform, trichloro ethane,
etc and RF stands for (hydro) chlorofluorocarbons