INTRODUCTION 89.pdf

[Type the company name]
18
SUMMER INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
REPORT
[16/05/2018 – 06/07/2018]
Submitted by:-
Sakeena Bohra
Fourth Undergraduate Student,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Oriental College of Technology,Bhopal

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INDEX
S.no. Contents Page
no.
1. Acknowledgement 03
2. Introduction 04
3. EHS Department 17
4. QA/QC Department 23
5. Planning Department 61
6. Project Execution 74
7. Conclusion 89

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Aknowledgement
I am very thankful to SHAPOORJI PALLONJI ENGINEERING
&CONSTRUCTION for having given me opportunity to untertake my
summer training at their prestigious VALLABH BHAWAN
EXTENSION PROJECT. It was a very good learning experience for me
to have worked at this site as this project involved many unique
construction practices and challenges. I would like to convey my heartiest
thanks to Mr. Bhushan Karmakar, SP Engg. & Construction, Project
Manager, who heartily welcomed me for the training. I would also like to
give my heart-felt thanks to Mr. Manoj Kawalkar, QA/QC Head who
guided and encourage me all through the summer training and imparted
in-depth knowledge of the project. Also I would like to thank Mr.Nitesh
Vyas, Planning Head, who assisted and guided me whenever I needed
help. I would like to thank all the department heads of SP Engg. &
Construction, for giving their precious time and valuable guidance during
my training programme.
Last but not the least; I would like to thank all the staff at SP Engg.
& Construction,for being so helpful during this summer training.
Name: Sakeena Bohra
Date: 17th
June 2018

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INTRODUCTION
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION:
The Shapoorji Pallonji Group (SP Group) is a business conglomerate in India with
interests in construction, real estate, textiles, engineering goods,home
appliances, shipping, publications, power, and biotechnology. The company was
headed by founder Pallonji Mistry until 2012, when he announced his retirement
and the succession of his son, Shapoor Mistry. Shapoorji Pallonji is regarded as "one
of India's most valuable private enterprises. The company is known for building
some of Mumbai's landmarks around the Fort area, including the Hong Kong Bank,
Grindlays Bank, Standard Chartered Bank and Reserve Bank of India
building, Bombay Stock Exchange building and Taj Intercontinental. Apart from
these, the company has built a stone palace for the Sultan of Oman in 1971. After
the 2008 Mumbai Attacks, the company was involved in the repairs and renovation
of Taj Mahal Palace & Tower which was severely damaged by the attack. Other
notable projects include The Imperial in Mumbai, JumeirahLake
Towers in Dubai and Ebene Cyber City in Mauritius. In 2012, Shapoor Mistry
announced that the Group had plans to invest in a deep-sea port, an IT park, hydro
electricity and construction of roads and night shelters for the poor in West Bengal.
On 27 January 2016, Shapoorji Pallonji Group launched its first affordable housing
brand, Joyville Homes.
The company was founded as a partnership firm Littlewood Pallonji, in 1865. The
first project was the construction of a pavement on the Girgaum Chowpatty,
followed by being part of the construction of a reservoir on Malabar Hill which
supplied water to for over 100 years. The company also built the Brabourne
stadium in Mumbai and the Jawaharlal Nehru stadium in Delhi. The Mumbai
Central Railway station, was also built by them at a cost of ₹ 1.6 crore. The
company was commended by the then Governor of Bombay for completing the
work within 21 months.[16]
In recent years, it has built the Barakhamba
Underground Station in Delhi and Providence Stadium in Guyana. In 2010, it
built India's tallest building, The Imperial, a residential tower in Mumbai.

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Since Shapoorji Pallonji inception in 1865, the company have been committed to
creating structures and providing solutions that have a lasting impact on society, using
what they know best engineering. This company firmly believe that smart
engineering can bring the world closer and make this planet a better place to live in.
Shapoorji Pallonji are a well-diversified business house, with clients in over
60 countries, delivering complex and challenging projects for over 150
years. The business of Shapoorji Pallonji is operate in 6 major business
areas with 13 group companies and a strong employee base of over 60,000
people from across 40+ nationalities. Above all, they are engineers at the
core, committed to delivering projects and solutions globally with the help
of breakthrough technology that will leave an impact for generations to
come.
Shapoorji Pallonji continue to leverage their culture of innovation, their
deep engineering expertise and their state of the art Health Safety and
Environment processes to help make everyday life better.
The Shapoorji Pallonji Group has played a prominent role in India’s industrial and
infrastructure development by executing several projects across length and breadth
of the country and abroad. For ease of operations and better project management,
in-depth technology and business development as well as to focus attention on
domestic and international project execution, entire operation of Shapoorji Pallonji
is structured into thirteen Independent Companies.
SP Engineering & Construction Afcons Infrastructure
SP Engineering, Procurement & Construction Eureka Forbes
Shapoorji Pallonji Finance Forbes & Co.
SP Infrastructure Forvol International Services
SP International NextGen Publishing
SP Invesment Advisors Oman Shapoorji Co.
SP Oil and Gas SD Corporation
SP Real Estate Sterling and Wilson

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ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION
Shapoorji Pallonji has designed and built diverse civil and structural engineering
landmarks that serve millions globally. With an impressive track record of
excellence in all segments of construction, they have earned the status of being a
technology driven, resource rich company with high standards of Health, Safety and
Environment practises. This company pursuit for perfection in engineering and
construction, achieved through path- breaking technologies, innovative systems and
processes, has helped us deliver complex projects and solutions on time, with the
best quality and within budget..
Shapoorji Pallonji were recently honoured with the 'Golden Peacock Award' for the
Mahatma Mandir project in Gandhinagar (Gujarat).
INFRASTRUCTURE
Shapoorji Pallonji has engineered and delivered infrastructure that aids economic
growth. The company have developed infrastructure assets in Power (Hydro, Oil &
Gas), Ports & Terminals (onshore and offshore), Transportation (rail and road) and
Natural Resources, not only in India but also in various parts of the world. They are
the first Indian company to receive an 'International World Quality Commitment'
Award. Shapoorji Pallonji is also the proud recipients of the 'ASIAN Most Admired
Knowledge Enterprise' Award 2016 (MAKE Award).
The Jammu-Udhampur Highway (in Jammu and Kashmir) won the Construction
Times Award for 'Best Executed Highway Project' and holds the record for the
fastest completion of a hilly terrain road in the history of the National Highway
Authority of India (NHAI).
ENERGY
Shapoorji Pallonji has delivered turnkey EPC solutions in the field of oil and gas,
power and renewable energy to make the planet a greener place.
Shapoorji Pallonji is proud to be the 2nd largest Solar EPC contractors globally,
having commissioned more than 1.93 GWp of Solar Plants and 2.45 GWp under
construction (including the world's largest single location plant of 1177 MWp in Abu
Dhabi, easily surpassing the current largest 850 MWp single location plant in

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China). They constructed the first two FPSOs (Floating Production, Storage and
Offloading) vessels in India for ONGC, each in a record time of 18 months. When
operational, both FPSO's together contribute around 10% of India's total
hydrocarbon production from the western offshore. This company have also
ventured into the development of Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPP) in
Tanzania, Bangladesh and Ghana.
REAL ESTATE
Shapoorji Pallonji has developed many of India`s iconic skyscrapers, IT parks and
affordable residences that enrich lifestyles.
The Group has been a prominent driving force in India's real estate sector since
1970, owing to innovative design, flawless execution and quality at the core of each
project. In 2016, we ventured into affordable housing under the sub-brand 'Joyville'
to build residential units across the country. Shukhobrishti, Asia's largest mass
housing project in Kolkata, India, is slated to deliver 20,000 affordable houses.
SP has won the Mid-Day Most trusted Real Estate Developer Award, 17 Asia Pacific
Property Awards for The Imperial and the CNBC Awaaz Real Estate Award 2013
for Shukhobrishti in the Best Affordable Housing Project category.
WATER
From constructing water reservoirs to installing water purifiers in 15 million
households, Shapoorji Pallonji delivers health at your doorstep.
Shapoorji Pallonji's first project, the largest water reservoir in Malabar Hill, Mumbai,
constructed in 1887, supplies water to half the city's population. Aquaguard, India's
first water filter cum purifier, gives 15 million households access to healthy purified
water daily. Over 50 industrial Waste Treatment Plants enable 1900 MLD of waste
& sewage solutions. We have gained a world-wide recognition for providing excellent
quality water and waste water treatment plants to our customers.
Eureka Forbes has been featured as a Harvard Business Review case study,
endorsed by Professor Philip Kotler. Aquaguard has won the 'Superbrand' award
thrice, with several Indian and International awards for superior technology to its
credit.

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FINANCIAL SERVICES
Shapoorji Pallonji offers an integrated advisory platform for investments in
infrastructure and real estate sectors; it also offers innovative structured finance
solutions.
SP Investment Advisors offers integrated investment advisory services which is
aimed at creating a Grade-A office platform across key metros in India. SP Finance,
our non-banking finance company, supports corporates and the infrastructure and
real estate sectors in India. We have US $350 million worth of assets under
management, including institutional third party funds and proprietary capital. Forbes
Technosys is a pioneer in providing financial money transfer services, and is the
leading manufacturer of queuing, ticketing and banking self service automation
solutions like ATMs, passbook printing machines and currency counting machines,
with a pan India presence.
SP Infocity, our 2.7 mn. sq. ft. IT Park in Chennai has been LEED certified as
'Gold'. It is currently leased to marquee MNC clients such as HSBC, Amazon, Ford,
World Bank and Siemens.

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QUALITY POLICY
At Shapoorji Pallonji, Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) is given the highest
priority. The EHS policy enunciated by the Corporate Management lays emphasis
on Environment, Health and Safety through a structured approach and well defined
practices. Systems and procedures have been established for implementing the
requisites at all stages of construction and they are accredited to the International
standards of ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007.

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WORK CULTURE
Work Culture emphasises:
• Freedom to experiment
• Continuous learning and training
• Transparency
• Quality in all aspects of work
• Rewards based on performance and potential
TRAINING
Human Resources Department believes that Quality is the hallmark of any
successful venture. Quality Training and Development of Human Resources is
realized through: Identifying training needs within the Organization and designing
and implementing those need based training programs to bring about continuous up-
gradation of knowledge, skills and employee attitudes.
VISION & MISSION
VISION
“Fostering an environment that helps in the creation of knowledge and its
application to work, we seek to excel in all our business activities and strive to build
SP E&C into a creative organization.”
MISSION
“SP E&C will be the company of the first choice in the construction industry. We
shall be driven by our commitment to customer satisfaction.”

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PROPOSED – PROJECT
CONSTRUCTION OF VALLABH BHAWAN EXTENTION
BHOPAL, INDIA

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THE PROJECT DETAILS
PROJECT - VALLABH BHAWAN EXTENSION
CLIENT - GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRADESH
URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT DEPTT.
CONTRACTOR - M/S SHAPOORJI PALLONJI AND CO PVT LTD.
TYPE OF CONTRACT- ITEM RATE & FIXED PERCENTAGE
CONSTRUCTION PERIOD –36 MONTHS I/C RAINY SEASON FROM
DATE OF ISSUE OF WORK ORDER
PROBABLE AMOUNT OF CONTRACT- INR 615 CRORES
PROJECT COMPONENT – VALLABH BHAWAN BLOCK-2 &3
UTILITY BUILDING
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
HSD
PARKING I, II, III, SCOOTER PARKING,
MULTILEVEL CAR PARKING
PROJECT LOCATION AND AREA- VALLABH BHAWAN ROAD, ARERA
HILLS , BHOPAL,M.P.
SITE AREA : 25 Acres
BUILT UP AREA : 80,000 sq.m.

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INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
Vallabh Bhawan is the State Secretariat of Madhya Pradesh, located atop the Arera
Hill in Bhopal. Situated at such a strategic location, which can be seen from various
points within the city, Vallabh Bhawan was envisaged as the “crowning jewel” of
Arera Hill, offering magnificent views to and from the city.
Furthering the strong axial relationship of Vallabh Bhawan with the Vidhyanchal
Bhawan and Satpura Bhawan on either side, a central promenade extends to the
other prominent buildings such as the New Vidhan Sabha and Birla Mandir to
create an axis previously unexplored and link them into an integrated master plan.
Due to shortage of accommodation in Vallabh Bhawan, its expansion has become
necessary, and the Government of M.P build an extension complex building for the
present Secretariat building, commonly known as Vallabh Bhawan in the same
vicinity. Capital project Administration will be the executing agency for this project.
EPCO is entrusted to select an Architectural firm & coordinate the architectural
services. M/s C P Kukreja & Associates, New Delhi is selected to provide
comprehensive architectural services for the project.
The proposed Extension Block namely; Vallabh Bhawan Extension Complex,
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh has been conceived as a state of the art, modern building
with a sensitive blend of modern and traditional Indian architecture and to reflect
the majestic image that is associated with important Government Offices. The New
Blocks are organized with Existing Block in such a manner that could provide a very
high level of secured work environment in meeting with individual needs. Access to
individual buildings blocks are also controlled for further security. The main
planning features are : Compact building design with Courtyard building concept
and singly loaded rooms to keep the building lighted from all the sides, Segregated
entries and drop-off for different users, Ample parking lots, Planned pedestrian
movement, and Strong traditional architectural elements like Columns, Chajjas, Jaali,
etc. The total built-up area proposed is approximately 84,000 sq.mt, inclusive of
separate Utility Block and a Multi level parking. The Concept Design is approved &
the preliminary project cost is approx. 346 corers.
The planning of Vallabh Bhawan itself is on the basis of a purely rational
interrelationship between the various functions of the building segregated into three
distinct program elements- visitor access zones, staff access zones and VIP access
zones. Traditional architectural elements like chhatris, jaalis and colonnades have

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been given a contemporary flavour by using restraint and allowing the basic forms to
speak.
Some of the facilities provided here include meeting halls, conference halls,
minister’s rooms, a library, dispensary, etc.

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EHS DEPARTMENT
GENERAL EHS RULES & REGULATIONS
1. No workmen below 18 years and above 58 years of age shall be engaged for a job.
2. All workmen shall be screened before engaging them on the job. Physical fitness
of the person to certain critical jobs like working at height or other dangerous
locations to be ensured before engaging the person on work. The final decision
rests with the site management to reject any person on the ground of the physical
fitness,
3. Visitors can enter the site after EHS induction with the visitor pass. He should be
provided Safety helmet and Safety shoes, also he should be accompanied with
the responsible person of that area.
4. Smoking is strictly prohibited at workplace.
5. Sub-contractors shall ensure adequate supervision at workplaces. They shall
ensure that all persons working under them shall not create any hazard to self or
to the co-workers.
6. Nobody is allowed to enter the site without wearing safety helmet. Chinstrap of
safety helmet shall be always on.
7. No one is allowed to work at or more than 2m height without wearing full body
harness and anchoring the lanyard of full body harness to firm the support
preferably at shoulder level.
8. No one is allowed to enter into workplace and work at site without adequate foot
protection ( including female worker ).
9. Usage of eye protection equipment shall be ensured when workmen are engaged
for grinding, chipping, welding and gas cutting. For other jobs ,as and when site
safety co-ordinator insists eye-protection has to be provided.
10. All PPEs like shoes, helmet, full body harness etc. shall be arranged before
starting the job as per recommendation of the EHSO.
11. Rigid barrication must be provided around the excavated pits, and barrication
shall be maintained till the backfilling is done. Safe approach is to be ensured
into every excavation.
12. Adequate illumination at workplace shall be ensured before atarting the at night.

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13.All the dangerous moving parts of the portable / fixed machinery being used shall
be adequately guarded.
14.Ladders being used at site shall be adequately secured at bottom and top. Ladder
shall not be used as work platforms.
15. Erection zone and dismantling zone shall be barricaded and nobody will be
allowed to stand under the suspended loads.
16. Horseplay is completed prohibited at workplace. Running at site is completely
prohibited except in case of emergency.
17. Material shall not be thrown from the height. Proper management of Debris
Chute can be installed.
18. Other than the electrician possessing B license with red helmet, no one is
allowed to carryout electrical connection, repairs on electrical equipment or other
job related thereto.
19. Inserting of bare wires for tapping the power from electrical socket is completely
prohibited.
20. All major, minor accidents near misses and unhygienic conditions must be
reported.
21. All scaffoldings / work platform shall meet the requirement. The width of the
working platform and fall protection arrangement shall be maintained as per the
Standard. All tools and tackles shall be inspected before use. Defects to be
reported immediately. No lifting tool & tackle to be used unless it is certified by
the concerned Engineer Incharge / P&M engineer.
22. Good house keeping to be maintained. Passage shall not be blocked with
materials. Material like bricks shall not be stacked to the dangerous height at
workplace.
23. Debris, scrap and other material to be cleared then and there from the
workplace and at the time of closing of work every day.
24. Contrators shall ensure that all their workmen are following safe practices while
travelling in the company’s transport and staying at company’s accomodation.
25. Adequate fire fighting shall be made available a workplace and persons to be
trained in fire fighting techniques with the co-ordination of EHSO.
26. All the unsafe conditions, unsafe act identified by the contractors, reported by
site supervisor and / or safety personnel to be corrected on priority basis.
27. No children shall be allowed enter the workplace.
28. Workwomen are not allowed to work at high-risk areas.

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29. Other than the Driver / operator, no one shall travel in a tractor / tough rider etc.
30. Wherever the vehicle / equipment has to work near or pass through the
overhead electrical lines, the goal post shall be installed.
31. Identity card should always be displayed and shown when demanded.
32. Any person found to be interfering woth or misusing fixtures, fittings, or
equipment provided in the interest of health, safety and welfare would
beexcluded fron the site.(like using fire bucket and helmet for carrying the
material, removing the handrails, etc.)
33. Visitors must use safety helmet before entering the site.
34. Safety signs and notices must be displayed and followed.
35. Transistors radios and personal stereos / Walkmen must not be used.
36. All site personnel, for their own safety and for the safety of others, are required
to fully comply with the safety systems / procedures and working method.
37. Consumption of alcohol and drugs is prohibited.
38. No person is to operate any mechanical / Electrical equipment unless they have
been authorized and have been certified as competent.
39. Take Food only at the designated area (like dining, Rest Room etc). The Waste
food, PVC / Paper covers need to be dumped in the Dustbin. The House
keeping gang on regular intervals will clear this. Also hand / vessels should be
washed in the same area with proper drainage.
40. No workers should enter the site with lungies and dhotis.
41. No body should sit / sleep on the floor edges.
42. Don’t enter inside the room where there is no light.
43. Don’t take shelter under the vehicle or in an electrical installation rooms.
44. Look for warning signs, caution boards, and other notices.
45. Must be aware about the locations of the first aid centers , fire extinguisher,
emergency assembly point and emergency siren.
46. No floor opening, floor edges should be left unguarded.
47. Training is must for all scaffolders and only trained scaffolders should make
platforms.
48. Don’t keep loose materials at height.
49. Permission should be taken for all earthworks from P&M Department.
50. Those who are violating the safety norms will be penalized.
51. Female workers should not be engaged on work between 7 P.M. to 8 A.M.
52. Physical fitness check shall be carried out for crane operates & Drivers.

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53. PPE shall is provided to visitors at gate.
54. No smoking sign boards shall be kept at flammable and combustible material
Storage places.
55. Debris, scrap and other materials shall be disposed daily at closing hours of the
day by the same crew.
56. Environment poster shall be displayed at site as and when required Depending
upon the activities in progress.
57. Fire points should be placed at all required areas.
Use of Personal Protective Equipment and safety devices relevant to site
activities.
 SAFETY APPLIANCES
The requirement of sufficient number of safety appliances are planned well
in advance and made available at stores.
 HEAD PROTECTION
Every individual entering the site must wear safety helmet, confirming to
IS:2925-1984 with the chinstrap fixed to the chin.
 FOOT AND LEG PROTECTION
Safety footwear with steel toe is essential on site to prevent crush injuries due to
striking against the object.
 HEARING PROTECTION:
Excessive noise causes damage to the inner earand permanent loss of hearing.
To protect ear use ear plugs/ ear muff as suitable.
 EYE PROTECTION
Person carrying out grinding works, operating pavement breakers, and those
involved in welding and cutting works should wear safety goggles & face shield
suitably. Goggles, Safety Spectacles, face shield confirm to IS 5983-1980.
 EAR PROTECTION

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Ear Muff / Earplug should be provided to those working at places with high
sound levels (confirm to IS 9167-1979).
 HAND AND ARM PROTECTION:
While handling cement and concrete & while carrying out hot works like gas
cutting, grinding & welding usage of hand gloves is a must to protect the hand,
1) COTTON Gloves (for materials handling)--‐IS:6994--‐1973
2) RUBEER Gloves--‐18”(380/450mm long ) electrical grade, tested to 15000
volts conforming to IS:4770-1991.
3) LEATHER Gloves- hot work/ handling of sharp edges.
 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
Required respiratory protection according to the exposure of hazards to be
provided.
 SAFETY NET
Though it is mandatory to wear safety harness while working at height on the
working platforms, safety nets of suitable mesh size shall be provided to arrest
the falling of person and materials on need basis.
 FALL PROTECTION
To prevent fall of person while working at height, personnel engaged more than
2m wear standard full body harness should be conforming to IS: 3521-
1999(Third Revision).
1) Lanyard should be of 12mm Polypropylene rope and of length not more than
2m.
2) Double lanyard, based on the requirement.

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QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY CONTROL
DEPARTMENT
Quality is the key component which propels performance and defines leadership
traits. At SP Construction, Quality Standards have been internalised and
documented in Quality Assurance manuals. SP Construction recognizes the crucial
significance of the human element in ensuring quality. Structured training
programmes ensure that every Shapoorji Pallonji employee is conscious of his/her
role and responsibility in extending SP Construction’s tradition of leadership
through quality. A commitment to safety springs from a concern for the individual
worker – every one of the thousands braving the rigours of construction at numerous
project sites. Shapoorji Pallonji, Buildings & Factories IC has a well-established and
documented Quality Management System (QMS) and is taking appropriate steps to
improve its effectiveness in accordance with the requirements of ISO 9001:2008.
Relevant procedures established clearly specify the criteria and methods for effective
operation, control and necessary resources and information to support the operation
and monitoring of these processes.
QUALITY IMPLEMENTATION AT SITE
SP,Buildings & Factories IC has established procedure for monitoring, measuring
and analyzing of these processes and to take necessary actions to achieve planned
results and continual improvement of these processes. It has also maintained
relevant procedures to identify and exercise required control over outsourced
processes, if any. Systems and procedures have been established for implementing
the requisites at all stages of construction and they are accredited to the International
standards of ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007. SP
continues to maintain the trail blazing tradition of meeting the stringent quality
standards and adherence to time schedules in all the projects.

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TESTS ON CEMENT
CONSISTENCY
AIM
To determine the quantity of water required to produce a cement paste of standard
consistency as per IS: 4031 (Part 4) – 1988.
PRINCIPLE
The standard consistency of a cement paste is defined as that consistency which will
permit the Vicat plunger to penetrate to a point 5 to 7mm from the bottom of the
Vicat mould.
APPARATUS
VICAT APPARATUS
Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 - 1976 Balance, whose permissible variation
at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 - 1982
PROCEDURE
i) Weigh approximately 400g of cement and mix it with a weighed quantity of
water. The time of gauging should be between 3 to 5 minutes.
ii) Fill the Vicat mould with paste and level it with a trowel. iii) Lower the plunger
gently till it touches the cement surface. iv) Release the plunger allowing it to
sink into the paste. v) Note the reading on the gauge. vi) Repeat the above
procedure taking fresh samples of cement and different quantities of water
until the reading on the gauge is 5 to 7mm.
REPORTING OF RESULTS
Express the amount of water as a percentage of the weight of dry cement to the first
place of decimal.

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INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME
AIM
To determine the initial and the final setting time of cement as per IS: 4031 (Part 5)
– 1988.
APPARATUS
Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 - 1976 Balance, whose permissible variation
at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086-1982.
PROCEDURE
i) Prepare a cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 times the water
required to give a paste of standard consistency.
ii) Start a stop-watch, the moment water is added to the cement.
iii) Fill the Vicat mould completely with the cement paste gauged as above, the
mould resting on a non-porous plate and smooth off the surface of the paste
making it level with the top of the mould. The cement block thus prepared in
the mould is the test block.
INITIAL SETTING TIME
Place the test block under the rod bearing the needle. Lower the needle gently in
order to make contact with the surface of the cement paste and release quickly,
allowing it to penetrate the test block. Repeat the procedure till the needle fails to
pierce the test block to a point 5.0 ± 0.5mm measured from the bottom of the
mould . The time period elapsing between the time, water is added to the cement
and the time, the needle fails to pierce the test block by 5.0 ± 0.5mm measured from
the bottom of the mould, is the initial setting time.
FINAL SETTING TIME
Replace the above needle by the one with an annular attachment. The cement
should be considered as finally set when, upon applying the needle gently to the
surface of the test block, the needle makes an impression therein, while the

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attachment fails to do so. The period elapsing between the time, water is added to
the cement and the time, the needle makes an impression on the surface of the test
block, while the attachment fails to do so, is the final setting time.
The results of the initial and the final setting time should be reported to the nearest
five minutes.
WATER CONTENT
OVEN DRYING METHOD
AIM
To determine the water content in soil by oven drying method as per IS: 2720 (Part
II) - 1973.
PRINCIPLE
The water content (w) of a soil sample is equal to the mass of water divided by the
mass of solids.
APPARATUS
 Thermostatically controlled oven maintained at a temperature of 110 ± 5oC.
 Weighing balance, with an accuracy of 0.04% of the weight of the soil taken.
 Air-tight container made of non-corrodible material with lid
 Tongs
SAMPLE
The soil specimen should be representative of the soil mass. The quantity of the
specimen taken would depend upon the gradation and the maximum size of
particles as under:
PROCEDURE
i) Clean the container, dry it and weigh it with the lid (Weight 'W1').
ii) Take the required quantity of the wet soil specimen in the container and
weigh it with the lid (Weight 'W2').

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iii) Place the container, with its lid removed, in the oven till its weight becomes
constant (Normally for 24hrs.).
iv) When the soil has dried, remove the container from the oven, using tongs.
v) Find the weight 'W3' of the container with the lid and the dry soil sample.
The water content w = [(W2 − W3) ×100%] /(W3 −W1)
IN-SITU DRY DENSITY CORE CUTTER METHOD
AIM
To determine the in-situ dry density of soil by core cutter method as per IS: 2720
(Part XXIX) - 1975.
APPARATUS
i) Cylindrical core cutter
ii) Steel dolley
iii) Steel rammer
iv) Balance, with an accuracy of 1g
iv) Straightedge
v) Square metal tray - 300mm x 300mm x 40mm
vi) Trowel
PROCEDURE
i) The internal volume (V) of the core cutter in cc should be calculated from its
dimensions which should be measured to the nearest 0.25mm.
ii) The core cutter should be weighed to the nearest gram (W1).
iii) A small area, approximately 30cm square of the soil layer to be tested
should be exposed and levelled.
iv) The steel dolly should be placed on top of the cutter and the latter should be
rammed down vertically into the soil layer until only about 15mm of the dolly

54 |
protrudes above the surface, care being taken not to rock the cutter. The
cutter should then be dug out of the surrounding soil, care being taken to
allow some soil to project from the lower end of the cutter. The ends of the
soil core should then be trimmed flat in level with the ends of the cutter by
means of the straightedge.
v) The cutter containing the soil core should be weighed to the nearest gram
(W2).
vi) The soil core should be removed from the cutter and a representative
sample should be placed in an air-tight container and its water content (w)
determined as in Para 5.1.
Bulk density of the soil γ = (W2 −W1)/V g /cc
Dry density of the soil γd = [100γ/100+w] g cc

55 |
MIX DESIGN
Concrete is the basic engineering material used in most of the civil engineering
structures. Its popularity as basic building material in construction is because of, its
economy of use, good durability and ease with which it can be manufactured at site.
The ability to mould it into any shape and size, because of its plasticity in green stage
and its subsequent hardening to achieve strength, is particularly useful. Concrete like
other engineering materials needs to be designed for properties like strength,
durability, workability and cohesion. Concrete mix design is the science of deciding
relative proportions of ingredients of concrete, to achieve the desired properties in
the most economical way. With advent of high-rise buildings and pre-stressed
concrete, use of higher grades of concrete is becoming more common. Even the
revised IS 456-2000 advocates use of higher grade of concrete for more severe
conditions of exposure, for durability considerations. With advent of new generation
admixtures, it is possible to achieve higher grades of concrete with high workability
levels economically. Use of mineral admixtures like fly ash, slag, meta kaolin and
silica fume have revolutionised the concrete technology by increasing strength and
durability of concrete by many folds. Mix design of concrete is becoming more
relevant in the above-mentioned scenario. However, it should be borne in mind that
mix design when adopted at site should be implemented with proper understanding
and with necessary precautions. Durocrete mix design manual is an attempt to
increase the awareness among the users, about concrete mix design. It is made with
intention of serving as ready reckoner for personnel, implementing mix design at site.
Advantages of mix design
Mix design aims to achieve good quality concrete at site economically.
I. Quality concrete means better strength better imperviousness and durability
dense and homogeneous concrete
II. Economy
a. Economy in cement consumption It is possible to save up to 15% of
cement for M20 grade of concrete with the help of concrete mix design.
In fact higher the grade of concrete more are the savings. Lower cement
content also results in lower heat of hydration and hence reduces
shrinkage cracks.

56 |
b. Best use of available materials:
Site conditions often restrict the quality and quantity of ingredient
materials. Concrete mix design offers a lot of flexibility on type of
aggregates to be used in mix design. Mix design can give an economical
solution based on the available materials if they meet the basic IS
requirements. This can lead to saving in transportation costs from longer
distances.
c. Other properties:
Mix design can help us to achieve form finishes, high early strengths for
early deshuttering, concrete with better flexural strengths, concrete with
pumpability and concrete with lower densities.
What is mix design?
Concrete is an extremely versatile building material because, it can be designed for
strength ranging from M10 (10Mpa) to M100 (100 Mpa) and workability ranging
from 0 mm slump to 150 mm slump. In all these cases the basic ingredients of
concrete are the same, but it is their relative proportioning that makes the difference.
Basic Ingredients of Concrete: -
1. Cement – It is the basic binding material in concrete.
2. Water – It hydrates cement and also makes concrete workable.
3. Coarse Aggregate – It is the basic building component of concrete.
4. Fine Aggregate – Along with cement paste it forms mortar grout and fills the voids
in the coarse aggregates.
5. Admixtures – They enhance certain properties of concrete e.g. gain of strength,
workability, setting properties, imperviousness etc Concrete needs to be designed for
certain properties in the plastic stage as well as in the hardened stage.
Properties desired from concrete in plastic stage: -

57 |
Workability Cohesiveness Initial set retardation
Properties desired from concrete in hardened stage: -
Strength Imperviousness Durability
Concrete mix design is the method of correct proportioning of ingredients of
concrete, in order to optimise the above properties of concrete as per site
requirements.
In other words, we determine the relative proportions of ingredients of concrete to
achieve desired strength & workability in a most economical way.
Information required for concrete mix design
The site engineer should give following information while giving material for mix
design to the mix design laboratory: -
Grade of concrete (the characteristic strength)
Workability requirement in terms of slump
Other properties (if required): -
i. Retardation of initial set (to avoid cold joints in case of longer leads or for
ready mix concrete)
ii. Slump retention (in case of ready mix concrete)
iii. Pumpability (In case of ready mix concrete)
iv. Acceleration of strength (for precast members or where early deshuttering is
desired)
v. Flexural strength (normally required for concrete pavements) Ascertain
whether condition of exposure to concrete is mild, moderate severe or very
severe. Proper investigation of soil should be done to ascertain presence of
sulphates & chlorides, in case of doubt. Following factors indicate degree of
control at site: - Batching – weigh batching / volume batching. Type of
aggregates – whether mixed graded aggregate will be used or 20mm, 10mm
aggregates will be used separately. Testing of concrete – whether casting &
testing of concrete cubes will be done regularly at site. Source of aggregate –
whether sources of sand and aggregate will be standardised or likely to

58 |
change frequently. Supervision – whether qualified staff will be present to
supervise concreting work and make necessary corrections e.g. correction for
moisture in sand and changes in material properties. Site laboratory –
whether the site will have necessary laboratory equipment like sieves,
weighing balance etc. to check material properties.
Use of admixtures
Now days, admixtures are rightly considered as the fifth ingredient of concrete. The
admixtures can change the properties of concrete. Commonly used admixtures are
as follows:
i. Plasticisers & superplasticisers
ii. Retarders
iii. Accelerators
iv. Air entraining agents
v. Shrinkage compensating admixtures
vi. Water proofing admixtures
i. Plasticisers & super plasticisers:
Plasticisers help us in increasing the workability of concrete without addition of water.
It means that we can achieve lower water/cement ratio without reducing the
workability at the same cement content. Cement particles tend to form flocs trapping
a part of mixing water in them. Hence not all the water added is useful for generating
workability. Plasticisers work as dispersion agents (de flocculent) releasing the water
trapped in the flocs resulting in workability. Use of plasticisers is economical as the
cost incurred on them is less than the cost of cement saved; this is more so in
concrete designed for higher workability. Compatibility of plasticisers with the
cement brand should be checked before use. Also plasticiser should not be added in
dry concrete mix.
Plasticizers are used for moderate increase of workability whereas super plasticizers
are used where very large increase in workability is required. Plasticizers are
normally lignosulphonated formaldehydes and are normally added in small dosages.
This is because large dosage can cause permanent retardation in concrete and
adversely affect its strength. Super plasticizers are naphthalene or melamine based

59 |
formaldehyde. They can be used in large dosages without any adverse effect on
concrete. This is contrary to popular perception that term super plasticizers means
more potent, hence lower dosage is required when compared to normal plasticizers.
In practice super plasticizers are used in large dosages for generating higher
workability and better slump retention. Compatibility of plasticizers with cement
should be ascertained before use in concrete. Since action of plasticizers is based on
ionic dispersion certain plasticizers are more effective with certain cements, thus
requiring lower dosages. Non-compatible plasticizers if used, will not adversely affect
the concrete, but its high dosage will make it uneconomical for use.
i. Retarders:
They are used for retarding (delaying) the initial setting time of concrete. This is
particularly required when longer placing times are desired as in case of ready mixed
concrete. Retarders are commonly used to prevent formation of cold joints when
casting large concrete. Retarders are normally added in lower dosages as large
dosages can cause permanent retardation in concrete. Retarders are recommended
in case of hot weather concreting to prevent early loss of slump. It is important to
note that retarders reduce early strength of concrete e.g. 1-day and 3-day strength.
However, 28 days strength is not affected.
ii. Accelerators
They are used for accelerating the initial strength of concrete. Typical accelerators
increase the 1-day (up to 50 %) and 3-days (up to 30 %) strength of concrete. Most of
the accelerators show little increase for 7 days strength. For this reason, accelerators
are commonly used in precast concrete elements for early removal of moulds.
Accelerators may not be much useful for early deshuttering where early strengths are
required in range of 5 to 7 days. This is because accelerators are expensive and their
ability to increase strengths decreases after 3-5 days. A better option for early
deshuttering would be the use of plasticizers, reducing the water/cement ratio and
achieving a higher grade of concrete. It is believed that accelerators may cause
retrogression of strength after 28 days when compared with normal concrete.
Concrete Mix Design Methods
The basic objective of concrete mix design is to find the most economical
proportions (Optimisation) to achieve the desired end results (strength, cohesion,
workability, durability, As mentioned earlier the proportioning of concrete is based
on certain material properties of cement, sand and aggregates. Concrete mix design
is basically a process of taking trials with certain proportions. Methods have been

60 |
developed to arrive at these proportions in a scientific manner. No mix design
method directly gives the exact proportions that will most economically achieve end
results. These methods only serve as a base to start and achieve the end results in the
fewest possible trials.
The code of practice for mix design-IS 10262 clearly states following: - The basic
assumption made in mix design is that the compressive strength of workable
concretes, by and large, governed by the water/cement ratio. Another most
convenient relationship applicable to normal concrete is that for a given type, shape,
size and grading of aggregates, the amount of water determines its workability.
However, there are various other factors which affect the properties of concrete, for
example the quality & quantity of cement, water and aggregates; batching;
transportation; placing; compaction; curing; etc. Therefore, the specific relationships
that are used in proportioning concrete mixes should be considered only as the basis
for trial, subject to modifications in the light of experience as well as for the
particular materials used at the site in each case. Different mix design methods help
us to arrive at the trial mix that will give us required strength, workability, cohesion
etc. These mix design methods have same common threads in arriving at
proportions but their method of calculation is different. Basic steps in mix design are
as follows:
Find the target mean strength.
Determine the curve of cement based on its strength.
Determine water/cement ratio.
Determine cement content.
Determine fine and coarse aggregate proportions

61 |
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
Construction planning is a fundamental and challenging activity in the management
and execution of construction projects. It involves the choice of technology, the
definition of work tasks, the estimation of the required resources and durations for
individual tasks, and the identification of any interactions among the different work
tasks. A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the
schedule for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical task in the
management of construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise formally
recorded. In addition to these technical aspects of construction planning, it may also
be necessary to make organizational decisions about the relationships between
project participants and even which organizations to include in a project. Essential
aspects of construction planning include the generation of required activities, analysis
of the implications of these activities, and choice among the various alternative
means of performing activities. In developing a construction plan, it is common to
adopt a primary emphasis on either cost control or on schedule control. Some
projects are primarily divided into expense categories with associated costs. In these
cases, construction planning is cost or expense oriented. Within the categories of
expenditure, a distinction is made between costs incurred directly in the
performance of an activity and indirectly for the accomplishment of the project. For
example, borrowing expenses for project financing and overhead items are
commonly treated as indirect costs. For other projects, scheduling of work activities
over time is critical and is emphasized in the planning process. In this case, the
planner insures that the proper precedence’s among activities are maintained and
that efficient scheduling of the available resources prevails. Traditional scheduling
procedures emphasize the maintenance of task precedence’s (resulting in critical
path scheduling procedures) or efficient use of resources over time (resulting in job
shop scheduling procedures). Finally, most complex projects require consideration
of cost and scheduling over time, so that planning, monitoring and record keeping
must consider both dimensions. In these cases, the integration of schedule and
budget information is a major concern.
A parallel step in the planning process is to define the various work tasks that must
be accomplished. These work tasks represent the necessary framework to permit

62 |
scheduling of construction activities, along with estimating the resources required by
the individual work tasks, and any necessary precedence’s or required sequence
among the tasks. The terms work "tasks" or "activities" are often used interchangeably
in construction plans to refer to specific, defined items of work. Planning
department in SP uses Microsoft Project as a powering tool for reducing risk.
Microsoft Project gives efficiency to plan a proje required and identify the tasks
required in a sequence, increasing probability of delivery of the project to the time,
cost and quality objectives. Microsoft Project gives you a powerful, visually enhanced
way to effectively manage a wide range of projects and programs. From meeting
crucial deadlines, to selecting the right resources, Microsoft project empowering
your teams.
The initial schedule of major construction activities S0 is prepared according to the
Clients preference. S0 is the basis for all types of scheduling. Preliminary schedules
representing the monthly work estimates are prepared based on experience
considering local climate conditions, environment, learning curve, pace of work,
mobilization, etc in Microsoft Project. Productivities of different activities are
estimated and validated during the course of execution. Man power requirement is
calculated based on these productivities. Drawings released by the Client. Revisions
and change orders are issued as and when there is a change and distributed to all the
units. The planning system is updated in the first week of every month. Two
progress schedules are maintained – original schedule prepared in the starting of the
project, planned schedule which is modified according to the requirements and
conditions. Actual progress is compared with the planned schedule and in case any
delay in progress is then a Catch up schedule is prepared and executed accordingly
to overcome the delay.

64 |
DETAIL ESTIMATE
An estimate is a probable cost of a work. It is usually prepared before the
construction is taken up. The primary object of an estimate is to know beforehand
the cost of the work. The actual cost of the work is known after the completion of
the work. If the estimate is prepared carefully and correctly there will not be much
difference in the estimated cost and actual cost. The estimator should be fully
acquainted with the methods of construction, skilled and experienced for accurate
estimating.
The estimate prepared by dividing the work into different items, taking detailed
measurements of each item of work and calculating their quantities is known as
detailed estimate.
Details of measurements and calculation of quantities and abstract of estimated cost
To prepare an accurate estimate, a detailed estimate of quantities of various items of
work and an abstract estimate of the quantities and their unit rates are required.
DETAIL ESTIMATE
S.NO.
DESCRIPTION
OF WORK NO. LENGTH BREADTH HEIGHT/DEPTH
QTY
IN
SQM.
QTY
IN
CUM. REMARKS
ABSTRACT ESTIMATE
S.NO.
DESCRIPTION OF
WORK QUANTITY RATE PER AMOUNT
BOQ CREATION
This section discusses the steps to be followed for creating the bill of quantities in
the system. This also describes the creation of Milestone based payment terms of
client through the system.
This section also covers the discussion about the resource definition in the system.

65 |
ACTIVITIES
The items of BOQ are termed as Activities. The no. of activities created in the
tender module will define the no. of BOQ items of tender. The ‘Activity’ form is
used to enter the BOQ activities.
If it is required to create any additional Activities/ Sub activities which are not
mentioned in the Tender, but are required to be executed during project duration
are entered through this form. When are we required to create new Activites ?
1st
Case – When we have to create an new extra item
2nd
Case – When we have to create new items which are not a part of BOQ i.e. for
executing IDC activities. Such activities are called Non Billable activities.
The form is divided into following sections: -
Activity
Sub Activity
Compositions
Let us consider a BOQ item
Activity definition
The BOQ item against which client is paying is the Activity.
Let us consider that the above item which is going to be executed in following
manner: -
Carrying out concrete work cum
Sr.No Description Unit Qty
1 P&L concrete in M20
for footing including
formwork &
reinforcement
Cum 1000

66 |
Carrying out formwork sqm
Carrying out Reinforcement work MT
Sub Activities
The steps in which the work is going to be carried out are called sub activities. The
sub activities are created in order to issue separate Work orders for different kind of
work.
Let us assume that following are the labour & material required for carrying out the
sub activities of concrete for 1cum quantity.
1. Concrete – Material required - Cement = 7.2 bags
Sand = 0.65 cum
Metal I = 0.45 cum
Metal II = 0.45 cum
Labour for concreting = 1 (Since this is sublet to Piece rate worker/Labour
contractor on rate basis)
Labour & material composition
Activity Definition
In the system, activity type can be defined under five different heads: -
General: - These are generally occurring items in the BOQ, which are not, of any
special types described in the list below.
Prime Cost & Provisional Sum: -
Prime Cost:-These are activities in the BOQ where the client specifies an
assumption to be made for the Material and its Price. The client reserves the right to
change the material specifications and the rate difference will be paid by the client.
For Example, the client may specify for a Flooring activity that Marble at the rate of
Rs 1500 per sq. meter must be assumed. At execution time the client may choose a
marble at a higher or a lower rate and pay the difference. Though this facility is

67 |
provided it is not linked to the materials form, hence may not be used for any
purpose.
Provisional Sum:- These are activities where the client has not given detailed
specifications and asked to provide an ad hoc sum of money to be factored in the
tender estimate. In the execution phase, the client will release the details of the item.
Though this facility is provided it is not linked to other forms, hence may not be
used for any purpose.
Daywork:- This is used in case if the item is of supply of material or manpower &
machinery to client on day basis.
Non-billable:- These are activities that do no occur in the client supplied BOQ, but
need to be considered in the cost. The cost of these activities will be incurred by us
other than bid items for which no bill will be raised to the client. e.g. infrastructure
works, IDC cost etc.
Construction of Extension Complex for
Present Secretariat Vallabh Bhawan, at Bhopal
Abstract of Quantities
CIVIL WORK 'A'
S.
No.
Description of Item TOTAL
(QTY)
Unit Rate Amount
CHAPTER-2.0:- Excavation for
Foundation
1 Surfuce dressing of the ground including
removing vegetation and in-equalities not
exceeding 15 cm deep and disposal of
rubbish, lead upto 50 m and lift upto 1.5
m.- In All kind of Soil.
40671.71 100
sqm
803.00 326594.00
2 Earth work in excavation by mechanical
means (Hydraulic excavator )/ manual
means over areas (exceeding 30cm in
depth. l.5m in width as well as 10 sqm on
plan) including dressing of sides and

68 |
ramming of bottom disposal of excavated
earth, lead upto 50m and lift upto l.5m,
disposed earth to be levelled and neatly
dressed. (No extra lift is payable if work is
done by mechanical means)
(a) All kinds of soil. 4369.43 Cum. 129.00 563656.00
Top soil (top 20 cm ) excavated should
be properly and seperately stack upto a
maximum height of 40 cm and mulch
with grass. All supportive photographs
showing the process should be
submitted to GRIHA consultant.
3 Earth work in excavation/ by mechanical
means (Hydraulic Excavator)/ manual
means over areas (exceeding 30 cm in
depth, l.5m in width as well as 10 sqm on
plan) including dressing of sides and
ramming of bottom disposal of excavated
earth, lead upto 50 m and lift upto 1.5 m,
disposed earth to be levelled and neatly
dressed.
(a) Ordinary rock 4862.63 Cum. 203.00 987114.00
(b) Hard rock ( blasting prohibited) 6865.70 Cum. 491.00 3371059.00
4 Excavation work by mechanical means
(Hydraulic excavator) / manual means in
foundation trenches or drains not
exceeding 1.5 m in width or 10 sqm on
plan including dressing of sides and
ramming of bottoms lift upto 1.5 m,
including getting out the excavated soil
and disposal of surplus excavated soils as
directed, within a lead of 50m.
(a) Ordinary rock Cum. 216.00 0.00
(b) Hard rock (blasting prohibited) Cum. 493.00 0.00
5 Excavating trenches of required width for
pipes, cables, etc including excavation for
sockets, and dressing of sides, ramming of
bottoms, depth upto 1.5 m including
getting out the excavated soil, and then
returning the soil as required, in layers not
exceeding 20 cm in depth including
consolidating each deposited layer by
ramming. watering, etc. and disposing of
surplus excavated soil as directed, within a
lead of 50 m : (No extra lift is payable if
work is done by mechanical means)
(a) All kinds of soil

69 |
(i) Pipes, cables etc. exceeding 80 mm dia but
not exceeding 300 mm dia.
150.00 metre 156.00 23400.00
6 Extra for excavating trenches for pipes
cables etc in all kinds of soil for depth
exceeding 1.5 m but not exceeding 3 m
(Rate is over corresponding basic item for
depth upto 1.5 m)
2a All kinds of soil. 1111.62 Cum. 43.86 48756.00
3a Ordinary rock 1184.16 Cum. 69.02 81731.00
3b Hard rock ( blasting prohibited) 1743.43 Cum. 166.94 291048.00
4a Ordinary rock Cum. 73.44
4b Hard rock ( blasting prohibited) Cum. 167.62
5a(i) All kinds of soil.: - Pipe, Cables etc.
exceeding 80mm dia but not exceeding
300 mm dia.
20.00 Metre 53.04 1061.00
7a(i) Ordinary rock.: - Pipe, Cables etc.
exceeding 80mm dia but not exceeding
300 mm dia.
20.00 Metre 116.96 2339.00
8(i) Hard rock ( Required blasting ):- Pipe
Cables etc exceeding 80mm dia but not
exceeding 300mm dia
24.00 Metre 227.80 5467.00
7 Excavating trenches of required width for
pipes, cables, etc, including excavation for
sockets, depth upto 1.5 m including getting
out the excavated materials, refiling the
soil as required in layers not exceeding 20
cm in depth including consolidating each
deposited layers by ramming, watering etc.
stacking serviceable material for
measurements and disposal of
unserviceable material as directed, within
a lead of 50m :

74 |
PROJECT EXECUTION
METHOD STATEMENT FOR CIVIL AND MECHANICAL
1. METHOD STATEMENT FOR CIVIL
METHOD STATEMENT FOR SURVEY WORKS OBJECTIVE:
To formulate guidelines for Setting out and routine survey works
REFERENCE:
1. Drawing
2. Technical Specifications for Civil works
3. Inspection and test plan 4. Survey Layout showing control stations
MAJOR EQUIPMENTS: Calibrated Auto - level, Theodolite (LC-1"), Total
Station and necessary measuring tools.
AUTO LEVEL SURVEYS
Auto level surveys are commonly used to complete cross-sectional and
longitudinal surveys. This method requires a minimum of two field personnel.
It is recommended that a basemap be generated. It is recommended that a
basemap be generated to indicate locations of cross-sectional and longitudinal
surveys. If no site elevation datum is available, it is recommended that a
‘project datum’ be established (it is general convention that these datums have
a base value of +100) and clearly documented on the basemap.
Equipment
To complete your auto level survey you will need the following minimum
equipment:
• Basemap;
• Auto level;
• Tripod (to mount the auto level);
• Rod (required to measure ‘elevations’);

75 |
• Tape measure (long tape measures, 100 or 300 feet, work best);
• Clipboard and pencils.

77 |
OFFICE WORK
The works that done during the training in the office.
1. Quantity surveying for masonry works.
2. Comparison reports and technical review.
3. Auto Cad drawing,
4. Architectural and structural drawing.
SITE PLAN

78 |
SECOND FLOOR FURNITURE PLAN
V.B. BLOCK II,
(NORTH)-A,G+5

80 |
During the training the remaining work was finishing as follow:
Dholpur Stone cladding

82 |
Different types of ceiling and flooring

86 |
KEY LEARNING POINTS
1. HSE Department
a) Visitor safety introductory rules and regulations.
b) Tool box talk
c) Work permit
 Height work permit
 Hot work permit
 Excavation work permit
 General work permit
 Confined space work permit
All these work permit are issue by Site Engineer and verified by the Safety
Officer.
d) Study of Different reports:
 Job Safety Analysis
 Initial Occupational Health Safety Review(IOSHR)
 Initial Environmental Review
e) Hierarchy of Control
Elimination
Substitution
Engg. Control
Administrative Control
PPE’s
f) Formulas to measure intensity &compare safety performance on different
sites:
Frequency Rate
Incident Rate
Severity Rate
2. QA/QC Department
a) Study of IS specification
b) Study of material test to be conducted at site and external laboratory
c) Material testing formats
d) Quality Plan

87 |
e) Project Quality Report
f) Surveillance Observation Report
g) Non-Conformation Report
h) Stop Work Notation
3. Planning department
a) Detail Estimated quantities of Pass Office.
b) Study of Arcitectural and Structural drawing.
c) Letter of Intent
d) Bill of Quantities(BOQ) specification.
e) Study of reference IS Codes.
f) Brief study of Resource Planning include:
Daily Progress Report
Weekly Progress Report
Monthly Progress Report
g) Budget Preparation
Entrepreneurship Resource Planning
SAP Software
4. Execution Department
a) Work method statement
Method statement for survey work
Learn how to setup and take elevation measurements using a tape measure,
auto level and rod.
During the training the remaining work was finishing which include:
b) Different types of Flooring
 Vitrified tile flooring
 Granite flooring
 Italian marble flooring
 Wooden flooring
 False Antistatic flooring
 Kota stone flooring

88 |
c) Different types of Cielings
 Gypsum Board Ceiling
 Grid Ceiling with mineral fiber
 Grid Ceiling with metal grid tile
 Wooden Cieling

89 |
CONCLUSION
It was a wonderful learning experience at SP Engg. & Construction site of
SP project for 20 days in Bhopal. I gained a lot of insight regarding
almost every aspect of site. I was given exposure in almost all the
departments at the site. The friendly welcome from all the employees is
appreciating, sharing their experience and giving their peace of wisdom
which they have gained in long journey of work. I hope this experience
will surely help me in my future and also in shaping my career.

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