Pemeriksaan NIII, refleks cahaya dan efek massa pada lobus frontal

1. Pemeriksaan N III, Reflex
Cahaya, dan Efek Masa
pada Lobus Frontal
Gigih AdityaW- HAY

2. Pemeriksaan
CN III
 Pupil: The pupil dilates and becomes ‘fixed’ to light.
 Lindsay KW, Bone I, Fuller G. Neurology Neurosurgery Illustrated. 5th ed. Elsevier. 2010. ISBN 978-0-443-06957-4

3. Pemeriksaan
CN III
 Ptosis: Ptosis is present if the eyelid droops over the pupil when
the eyes are fully open. Since the levator palpebrae muscle
contains both skeletal and smooth muscle, ptosis signifies either a
III nerve palsy or a sympathetic lesion and is more prominent with
the former.
 Lindsay KW, Bone I, Fuller G. Neurology Neurosurgery Illustrated. 5th ed. Elsevier. 2010. ISBN 978-0-443-06957-4

4. Pemeriksaan
CN III
 Ocular movement
 Steady the patient’s head and ask him to follow an object held at
arm’s length.Observe the full range of horizontal and vertical eye
movements.
 Note any malalignment or limitation of range.
 Examine eye movements in the six different directions of gaze
representing maximal individual muscle strength.
 Lindsay KW, Bone I, Fuller G. Neurology Neurosurgery Illustrated. 5th ed. Elsevier. 2010. ISBN 978-0-443-06957-4

5. Pemeriksaan
ReflexCahaya
 Lindsay KW, Bone I, Fuller G. Neurology Neurosurgery Illustrated. 5th ed. Elsevier. 2010. ISBN 978-0-443-06957-4

6. Efek Masa
pada Lobus
Frontal
 frontal lobe lesion (frontal center for contralateral gaze): looks
toward side of destructive lesion (away from hemiparesis). Looks
away from side of seizure focus (looks at jerking side), may be
status epilepticus.
 frontal lobe syndrome: abulia, dementia, personality changes.
Often non lateralizing, but apraxia, hemiparesis or dysphasia (with
dominant hemisphere involvement) may occur
 Greeenberg MS. Handbook of Neurosurgery 9th Edition.Thieme. 2020