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VR_mannmath.ppt
1. Presented by
Manmath nath Sahoo
Roll. No.25242
Electrical Engineering Department
Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology
Sarang-759146,Dhenkanal
Guided by:
Dr. G.Panda
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2. • INTRODUCTION
• BASICS OF VR
• TYPES
• TECHNOLOGIES
• VR DEVICES
• APPLICATION
• VRML
• FINAL THOUGHTS
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3. INTRODUCTION
Virtual reality (VR) is a technology which allows a
user to interact with a computer-simulated
environment.
Most virtual reality environments are primarily
visual experiences, displayed either on a
computer screen or through special stereoscopic
displays
But some simulations include additional sensory
information, such as sound through speakers or
headphones. 3
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4. BASICS OF VR
Now, we begin
our study with
the following
interesting
hypothesis:
“if the great
physicist, Albert
Einstein, lived in
our age and saw
the film ‘Matrix’
(Figure ), what
should he tell
us?”
Fig: space-time transformation between
Einstein and Neo.
(Real) (Simulated)
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5. Continued...
He would give us two principles
• all the worlds are the same real.
• simulated event and simulating event coexist.
The former means if one has no enlightenments from
other worlds, he cannot tell the world he is living in is
virtual or real just as one cannot tell he is moving or
resting if he has no reference system
So “Reality is Relative” .
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6. Continued…
Later can be verified by taking an example
For computers, suppose there is a glinting ball in the
simulated world by a computer, the counterpart of it in the
simulating world is the combination of zeros and ones .
For human brains, suppose there is a beautiful girl in
someone’s imagination, the counterpart of it in the real world is
the biochemical reactions in his brain. In fact, for anything in
one’s imagination, there is its counterpart (biochemical
reactions) in the real world. In sum, simulated events and
simulating events coexist.
Second principle says “simulated events and simulating
events coexist”, which doesn’t mean that simulated events and
simulating events exist in the same form.
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8. What is Immersive VR?
A type of VR in which the user
becomes immersed (deeply involved)
in a virtual world. it is also a form of
VR that uses computer related
components.
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9. Non-immersive VR
Text-based VR: when a reader of a
certain text form a mental model of
this virtual world in their head from the
description of people , places and
things.
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10. Technologies
Four technologies crucial for VR
1. Visual Display
2. Graphics Rendering System
3. Tracking System
4. Database construction&maintenance
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11. Devices
Head Mounted Displays
(HMD):
was the first device
providing its wearer with
an immersive
experience. Evans and
Sutherland
demonstrated a head-
mounted stereo display
already in 1965.
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12. DataGloves
The DataGlove consists
of a lightweight nylon
glove with optical sensors
mounted along the
fingers.
The sensors measure the
bending angles of the
joints of the thumb and
the lower and middle
knuckles of the others
fingers.
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13. Cave Automatic Virtual Environment
(CAVE)
A room with projections on
all walls, floor and ceiling
The users wear shutter
glasses to get a 3D view
of the world.
The users are able to
move and control the
environment with some
kind of input mechanism
◦ Camera
◦ Device in hand
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14. 3D Mouse and Space Ball
1. 3D mouse based on
ultrasonic position
reference array
2. SpaceBall a 6DOF
interactive input device
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16. Architecture
An area in which virtual reality has
tremendous potential is in
architectural design. Already being
created are architectural "walk-
throughs" that allow designers and
clients to examine homes and office
buildings, inside and out, before
they're built. With virtual reality,
designers can interactively test a
building before construction begins.
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17. Medicine
Computerisred 3D
model provides a new
approach to research
and medicine
Using DataGloves and
HMD in surgery
Application of virtual
humans in orthopedics
Experimenting virtual
humans in research
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18. Education and Training
United States: The military used it as flight
simulators to train pilots.
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) use VR
technology to construct a model of the
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) .in
September, 1993, approximately 100
members of the NASA HST flight team
received over 200 hours of training
using the VR...
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19. Entertainment
This is the area which starts to
drive the development of VR
technology. The biggest
limiting factor in VR research
today is the sheer expense of
the technology.
It is expensive because the
volumes are low. For
entertainment, mass
production is required.
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20. Simulation and Ergonomy
VR is a very powerful tool to
simulate new situations especially to
test the efficiency and the ergonomy.
For example, we may produce
immersive simulation of airports,
train stations, metro stations,
hospitals, work places, assembly
lines, pilot cabins, cockpits, access
to control panel in vehicles and
machines.
In this area, the use of Virtual
humans is essential and even
simulation of crowds is essential. We
may also mention game and sport
simulation.
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21. VRML
VRML (virtual reality modelling language) is a standard file
format for representing 3D interactive vector graphics.
By using VRML any object can specified with color ,textures,
shininess ,transparency and so on.
VRML was created in C++ language,datas are indexed with
rising value from number 0.
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22. Final Thoughts
Virtual Reality is a milestone in the field
of technology.
So much can be gained through virtual
reality
Some programs are almost as real as
life.
Nothing beats the real thing.
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23. References
Ellis SR (1991) Nature and Origin of Virtual Environments: A Bibliographic
Essay, Computing Systems in Engineering, 2(4), pp.321-347.
Astheimer P, Dai, Göbel M, Kruse R, Müller S, Zachmann G (1994) Realism
in
Virtual Reality, in: Magnenat Thalmann N and thalmann D, Artificial Life and
Virtual reality, John Wiley, pp.189-209.
Slater M, Usoh M (1994) Body Centred Interaction in Immersive Virtual
Environments, in: Magnenat Thalmann N and thalmann D, Artificial Life and
Virtual reality, John Wiley, pp.125-147.
Ware C, Jessome DR (1988) Using the Bat: a six-dimensional mouse for
object
placement, IEEE CG&A Vol 8(6) pp 65-70 (1988).
Bergamasco M (1994) Manipulation and Exploration of Virtual Objects, in:
Magnenat Thalmann N and Thalmann D, Artificial Life and Virtual Reality,
John
Wiley, pp.149-160.
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