-

1. * GB785889 (A)
Description: GB785889 (A) ? 1957-11-06
Means for attaching knobs to switch or other spindles
Description of GB785889 (A)
We, JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRI Es) LIMITED,
of Great King Street, in the City of Birmingham 19, a British Company,
do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may
be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be
particularly described in and by the fol-
lowing statement: -
In the Specification of our Patent No.
613,365 we have described and claimed an invention relating to means
for attaching a knob to a switch or other spindle, the invention
consisting of a spindle having in one side a longitudinal recess, a
spring blade located in the recess and having one end secured to the
spindle, a catch piece at the free end of the blade and passing
through a hole in the spindle, and a knob adapted to be slid on to the
spindle, the knob being formed with a hole for engagement by the catch
piece.
The present invention relates to a modification of the construction
above described, and consists of a spindle having a flattened end, and
a knob having thereon a bore shaped to provide a pair of longitudinal
grooves for engagement by the longitudinal edges of the flattened
portion of the spindle, the spring blade which carries the catch piece
being secured to one of the faces of the said portion of the spindle.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation; and Figure 2 a cross section
on the line 2-2 (Figure 1) illustrating one form of the invention.
Referring to the drawings, the knob a consists in part of a finger
piece of any desired shape from which extends a hollow shank b.
The bore c of the shank is made of rectangular cross section, and
along each of one lPrice 3 s fd l pair of opposite sides of the bore
is formed a longitudinal groove d.
The spindle e, which may be of circular or any other convenient cross

2. section is flattened at one end to form a tongue piece f such that its
longitudinal edges can be engaged with the grooves d.
The spring blade g is carried on the tongue piece, and has one end
secured to the tongue piece by a rivet h, the catch piece i being
secured to the free end of the blade and arranged to extend through a
hole in the tongue piece into engagement with a hole j in one side of
the knob Further at the entrance end of the knob base is formed a
chamfer k for the purpose hereinafter mentioned.
When attaching the spindle to the knob, the free end of the tongue
piece is first presented to the entrance end of the grooves d in the
knob On then pushing the tongue piece into the knob the engagement of
the catch piece i with the chamfer k causes the blade g to be
deflected, so enabling the tongue piece to pass into the bore to its
full extent The catch piece i is then, by the spring action of the
blade, caused to engage the hole j in the knob, for securing the knob
and spindle together.
As compared with the construction forming the subject of our
Specification No.
613,365, the modification above described, enables the manufacturing
operations involved to be advantageously simplified.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* Last updated: 08.04.2015
* Worldwide Database
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB785890 (A)
Description: GB785890 (A) ? 1957-11-06
Improvements in manufacture of alkali cellulose by cellulose slurry-steeping
Description of GB785890 (A)
COMPLETE SPEaFICAON

3. Improvements in Manufacture of Alkali Cellulose by Cellulose
Slurry-Steeping
We, RAYONIER INCORPORATED, a Corporation organized and existing under
the laws of the
State of Delaware, United Stares of America, d Shelton, Mason County,
State of Washington, United States of America, do hereby declare the
invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and
the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the coversion of chemical cellulose pulp
into alkali cellulose in a slurry steeping operation with an aqueous
solution of sodium hydroxide (steeping liquor) and has for its object
the provision of an improved process for the formation of alkali
cellulose in slurry steeping. "Chemical cellulose pulp", as the term
is used herein, refers to wood pulp, cotton linter pulp, or mixtures
thereof, which are used in chemical processing.
The slurry-steeping of chemical cellulose pulp is usually carried out
by feeding small rectangular sheets or continuous sheets of the
cellulose pulp into a suitable vessel containing steeping liquor,
containing, say, from 16% to around 20% of sodium hydroxide in which a
mechanically operated device, such as paddles or blades, beat a
mixture of cellulose fibers in the liquor into a slurry. The
operations are frequently carried out at cellulose concentrations of
around 2% to 6% and at temperatures of about 20 to 50 C.
While such steeping operations are com- monly carried out to form
alkali cellulose for use in the viscose process they may also be
carried out to form alkali cellulose for use in other processes, such
as in the production of hydroxyethoxycellulose. In the slurry-steeping
of such chemical cellulose pulp considerable difficulties have been
encountered mainly due to foaming of the steeping liquor and floating
and clumping of the fibers which have a very deleterious effect in the
steeping and pressing operations as well as in subsequent processing.
It appears iat small bubbles of gas (presumably air) form on the
fibers of pulp causing the undesirable foaming, floating, flocculation
and clumping.
Chemical cellulose pulp formed from wood usually contains up to 0.35 %
(based on the dry weight of the pulp) of residual natural and ether
extractable resins. Highly refined chemical cellulose pulp usually
contains up to 0.15%; of such resins. This ether extractable matter,
loosely called resins, is mainly in the nature of waxes, fats and true
resins, the latter often being present in small amount, a part being
saponifiable and a part being unsaponifiable.
In the production of chemical cellulose pulp which is a highly refined
wood pulp it is not practical to remove all the resins from the pulp.

4. Some of these resins have certain specific surface active properties
or form with the sodium hydroxide in the steeping operation soaps that
have certain surface active properties and these may cause or
contribute to the cause of foaming, floating and cluhping. The fibers
of the pulp may also have certain physical prow perties such as
inherent kinkiness which cause an affinity for gas bubbles, presumably
small bubbles of air, to be formed on and entrapped; within the mass
of fibers. These possible theories are offered as a plausible
explanation of the objectionable conditions encountered in the slurry
steeping of such pulp without any intention of predicating the
invention thereon.
Surprisingly it has been found that the addition to the slurry of well
known and otherwise effective antifoamants and emulsifiers does not
overcome these difficulties.
We have made the surprising discovery that certain surface active
agents have the property of substantially or completely overcoming
these objectionable conditions when incorporated in the
slurry-steeping constituents, either by addition to the pulp or in the
steeping liquor.
One class of surface active agents that is very effective is knows as
polyalkylene block copolymers. The term "block copolymer", as used
herein, and in the claims, will be understood to be the block
copolymers of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide which may be
represented bv the formula:
<img class="EMIRef" id="026700675-00020001" />
m which x and y have average values tor particular copolymers of 10
and 19; 3.3 and 28; 6 and 28; 15.5 and 28; and 106 and 28,
respectively. In one especially effective block copolymer, the average
values of x and y are 15.5 and 28 respectively, x varying from 11 to
17 depending upon the total molecular weight, and the value of y
varying from 26 to 31 depending upon the total molecular weight and
the value of x. Block copolymers of the aforementioned types are
manufactured and sold under the names of Pluronic L-44, Pluronic H1,
Pluronic L42, Pluronic L-64, and
Pluronic F48 by the Wyandotte Chemicals
Corp oration of Wyandotte, Michigan. Pluronic L-64, which is believed
to have average values for x and y of 15.5 and 28 respectively, is
outstandingly effective for the purpose of the invention. In
practicing the invention, these block copolymers may be used alone or
in admixture.
In carrying out a process of the invention the surface active agent
may be incorporated in the slurry in any suitable way, for example, it
may be most conveniently added to the chemical cellulose pulp, or to
the steeping liquor or added to the slurry. Only a relatively small

5. amount of the surface active agent is necessary, varying from about
0.02% to 0.25 % by weight based on the dry weight of the pulp.
As used herein, the word "dry" means substantially dry and refers to
pulp either bone dry or containing that small moisture content (e.g.
6%) which the pulp being a hygroscopic substance, has taken up from
the air. Roughly, this will refer to pulp containing from zero to 10%
of moisture.
The accompanying drawing is a photograph of samples of chemical
cellulose taken of pulp undergoing slurry-steeping. The photograph is
of glass vessels taken against a black background; the white part is
the alkali cellulose while the dark part is steeping liquor from which
the alkali cellulose has separated.
Each of the samples of pulp shown in the drawing was slurry steeped by
mechanically treating identical pulp sheets of 96% alpha cellulose
containing 0.12% ether extractable matter. The pulp was slurried at
2.2% concentration in a steeping liquor containing 18.6%.
sodium hydroxide and 1.5% hemicellulose at 45" C. In each of the
slurry samples of the drawing, 0.1% of a surface active agent based on
the dry weight of the pulp was incorporated in the slurry as follows:
A. Pluronic 1-64
B. Pluronic Lw52
C. Pluronic L4l
D. Pluronic L44
E. Pluronic F-68
F. Igepal C 630
G. Control
The block copolymers as a class, and
Pluronic L--64 in particular, are very effective surface active agents
in the process of the invention.
When the cellulose is slurried to form alkali cellulose for conversion
to viscose the block copolymers, and Pluronic L64 in particular, are
especially effective because they do not cause adverse effects in the
subsequent vis- cose process operations. Some of the other steps in
the viscose process are actually improved by the use of the block
copolymers.
Jordanning or other mechanical treatment of pulp fibers is helpful in
straightening out kinky fibers and making them less susceptible to
entrapment or retention of air when slurried in solutions of strong
caustic soda. Such treatment makes it possible to use smaller amounts
of added surface active agent and still obtain smooth slurries that do
not foam or clump.
The specifications of our prior Patents 685,842, 685,843, 623,566,
601,783, 590,064, 575,138 disclose the addition to cellulose pulps of
various surface active agents while the specification of our prior

6. Patent No. 573,775 discloses the addition of such surface active
agents to the caustic soda solution.
What we claim is : -
1. The process of slurry-steeping chemical cellulose pulp containing
up to 0.35 X based on the weight of the pulp of natural ether
extractable matter in an aqueous solution of caustic alkali to form
alkali cellulose comprising carrying out the slurry-steeping with a
small proportion of an added surface active agent in the steeping
liquor and thereby substantially eliminating foaming, floating,
flocculation and clumping of the pulp during the slurry steeping and
pressing operations, said surface active agent being a compound
represented by the formula:
<img class="EMIRef" id="026700675-00020002" />
in which the average values of x and y range from 3.3 to 106 and from
19 to 31 respectively.
2. In the process of Claim 1, using as a surface active agent a block
copolymer having the formula:
<img class="EMIRef" id="026700675-00020003" />
in which the average values for x and y are about 15.5 and 28
respectively.
3. In the process of Claims 1 or 2, forming the slurry of a wood pulp
which has been subjected to a mechanical treatment to straighten the
fibers and thereby reduce the amount of surface active agent required.
* GB785891 (A)
Description: GB785891 (A) ? 1957-11-06
Improvements relating to devices for closing a container or for securing a
lid or closure on a container
Description of GB785891 (A)
A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available
amongst the following family members:
DE1805357 (U)
DE1805357 (U) less
Translate this text into Tooltip

7. [79][(1)__Select language]
Translate this text into
The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data
and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in
particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete,
up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of filing Complete Specification: March 28, 1956.
k l Application Date: April 29, 1956 No 12446155.
Complete Specification Published>: Nov 6, 1957.
Index at Acceptance:-Classes 44, BE 14 A; and 125 ( 3), T( 4 C 3: 20
F).
International Classification:-A 45 c B 67 b.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Devices for Closing a Container or for
Securing a Lid or Closure on a Container.
We, RONSON PRODUCTS LIMITED, a British Company, whose registered
office is at Winchester House, Old Broad Street, London, E.C 2, do
hereby declare the invention (a communication from La Nationale S A, a
Company organised under the laws of Switzerland, of 2, rue des Falais,
Geneva, Switzerland), for which we pray that a patent may be granted
to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be
particularly described in and by the following statement -
The present invention relates to devices for closing a container or
for securing a lid or closure on a container and has for an object the
provision of an improved device of this character which is simple in
construction and efficient in use and which can be removed by the user
without tools of any description.
In particular the invention has for an object the provision of a
device which serves to close or act as a dust cap for an opening in a
container or other article, for example a smoker's lighter.
According to the invention, the device comprises a sleeve which is
adapted to be secured in an opening, a headed stem extending in the
sleeve, spring means for urging the stem in a direction to separate
the head from the end of the sleeve, and means on said stem for
engaging the sleeve when the stem is turned to lock the stem in the
sleeve with the head adjacent the end of the sleeve.
Conveniently the locking means comprises a disc on the stem having
projections which normally extend into slots formed in the wall of the
sleeve and which, when the head is Dressed towards the adjacent end of
the sleeve and turned, pass from the slots over lPrice 3 s 6 d l the

8. other end of the sleeve The end of the sleeve is conveniently formed
at its end adjacent the head with a flange.
The sleeve may be a push fit in the opening in the container but may
also be formed with external threads that may be engaged with internal
threads or with lugs to engage in slots in the opening.
One form of the device of this invention which is suitable for use as
a dust cap for an opening in a container is illustrated in the
accompanying drawing, in which:Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in
section; and Figure 2 is an end view.
As shown, the closure or dust cap comprises a hollow stem 1 having a
circular head 2 at one end At the other end of this stem is secured a
disc 3 having two oppositely disposed tangentially extending
projections 4 A sleeve 5, formed at one end with a flange 6 having a
diameter about the same as that of the head, is slit from the other
end in two planes extending parallel with and on either side of the
central axis The slots 7 divide the sleeve into four parts and one
diametrically opposed pair 8 are arranged to be slightly shorter than
the other pair 9.
The internal diameter of the sleeve 5 is slightly greater than the
external diameter of the disc 3, and when the head 2 of the closure is
separated from the flange 6 on the sleeve, the projections 4 on the
disc 3 lie in one pair of the slots 7 The two parts are normally held
in this position by a spring 10 which is arranged around the stem 1
and is located between the head 2 and an internally projecting portion
11 of the sleeve, the main part of the spring being housed within a
portion of increased internal Lil 785,891 785,891 diameter in the
outer end of the sleeve 5.
In this position, relative rotation of the stem 1 and sleeve 5 is
prevented by the engagement of the projections 4 in the slots 7, but a
if the head 2 is pressed inwards towards the flange 6 on the sleeve 5,
the projections 4 will clear the end of the slots 7 and the head 2 may
be turned so that the projections 4 lie over the ends of the two
shorter parts 8 of the sleeve.
In use, the sleeve 5 is held by friction in an opening in a container
to the extent that the head 2 may be turned relative to the sleeve and
the head 2 and the flange 6 on the sleeve 5 are normally accommodated
in a depression formed in the wall of the container Slight inward
pressure and rotation on the head 2 of the stem 1 will disengage the
projections 4 from the ends of the parts 8 of the sleeve so that they
enter the slots 7 when the head will be pressed by the spring away
from the flange 6 on the sleeve 5 so that it can be grasped whereupon
the head 2 and the sleeve 5 together can be pulled out of the aperture
Conversely, after the sleeve 5 has been fitted to the container,
pressure on the head 2 and slight rotation will suffice to lock the

9. head 2 in position so that it lies flush in the wall of the container.
Since the head 2 and sleeve 5 are secured against relative rotation
when the head 2 is separated from the flange 6 by the engagement of
the projections 4 in the slots 7, the sleeve 5 may be secured to the
container by a screw thread or a bayonet fitting and can be removed
therefrom by turning the head 2 after it has been separated from the
flange.
The improved closure device of this invention may also be used as a
releasable latch for securing the lids of articles such as cigarette
boxes and compacts Moreover, since it is operable by the fingers and
will therefore not be mutilated by means of a coin or other tool, it
can be made of a variety of materials such as plastics, or aluminium,
and is thus more suitable for decorative treatment.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* Last updated: 08.04.2015
* Worldwide Database
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB785892 (A)
Description: GB785892 (A) ? 1957-11-06
Improvements relating to chairs and sofas
Description of GB785892 (A)
We, HARRIS LEBUS LIMITED, a British
Company, of Finsbury Works, Tottenham, London, N 17, do hereby declare
the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us,
and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to chairs and settees of the kind in which
there is a rigid frame with front, rear and side rails, and a seat or
cushion support comprising foreand-aft tension springs These springs
are commonly anchored to the front rail with the result that to

10. provide any resilience between the under side of the thigh of a person
sitting on the chair or settee and the front rail it is necessary to
insert a cushion.
Other arrangements exist which provide a soft edge and so do not have
this disadvantage, but they are considerably more complicated, and
some when applied to settees require the presence of posts between
each sitting position, so that the soft edge is not continuous.
According to the present invention the front edge is formed by one or
more tension springs extending between the front corners of the seat,
and the front rail of the frame is so far below the springs as not to
interfere with flexing of the front edge when it is sat on If the
fore-and-aft springs were to be anchored to the spring or springs
forming the front edge, this edge would be pulled inwards undesirably
when a person sat on the seat This effect is avoided.
according to the invention, by making the fore-and-aft tension springs
extend between the rear rail and a V-shaped or curved anchorage which
extends rearwards from at or close to the front corners of the frame
and can yield vertically Then to provide support in the space between
the anchorage lPrice 3 s 6 d l and the front edge transverse tension
springs span the anchorage in this space.
The ends of the spring or springs forming the front edge may be
anchored either to the anchorage or to the side rails.
In settees according to the present invention there are an anchorage
and springs for each seat position identical with those in a chair
according to the present invention, and the usual intermediate
fore-and-aft rail between seat positions is the equivalent of a side
rail in a chair Each such intermediate rail is preferably so arranged
that its front end can yield resiliently downwards under load.
The anchorage must, as indicated, be able to yield under load It may
consist of spring steel strip, or again of chain Chain presents the
advantage that it will also yield somewhat laterally if the load is
not applied centrally.
The anchorage preferably extends rearwards to about the centre of the
seat or seat position.
Some constructions according to the invention will now be described by
way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which:Figure 1 is a perspective view of a chair, Figure 2 is a plan of
the seat of this chair; Figure 3 is a perspective view of a settee,
Figure 4 is a side view of a rail of this settee; and Figure 5 is a
perspective view of the seat of another chair.
The chair shown in Figures 1 and 2 is of the kind in which a
detachable cushion (not shown) rests on a spring support The chair has
a rigid frame which includes a front rail 1, a rear rail 2 and side
rails 3.

11. The front edge of the seat is formed by a pair of springs 9 extending
between the 785,892 PATENT SPECIFCATION Ilventor:-ERNEST KINGDOM
PARFORD.
Date of filing Complete Specification: Mlay 10, 1956.
Application Date: May 10, 1955 -No 13527/55.
Complete Specification Published: Nov 6, 1957.
Index at Acceptance:-Class 52 ( 4), DI( 1022 1 CC: 2 A).
International Classification:-A 47 c.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Chairs and Sofas.
s O 785,892 front ends of the side rails The front rail 1 lies below
the other rails It is carried by two posts 10 that project downwardly
from the side rails, the length of the posts being S such that when
the springs 9 are flexed downwardly by the weight of a person sitting
on the chair the springs do not come into contact with the rail 1.
The cushion support is shown generally at 4 and comprises two sets of
tension springs 7 and 8 The springs of the set 7 extend fore-and-aft
between rear rail 2 and a V-shaped anchorage formed by two lengths of
flexible steel strip 5 that are fixed to the undersides of the front
ends of the side rails 3 and extend rearwardly and inwardly to be
joined by a bolt 6 The springs of the set 8 span the anchorage in the
space between it and the springs 9.
The settee shown in Figure 3 is generally similar to the chair shown
in Figures 1 and 2, and similar reference numerals are used for
equivalent parts It includes an intermediate fore-and-aft rail 11
connected to the rear rail 2 by a hinge 12 and at its front end
resting on a coiled compression spring 13 carried by the front rail.
There are two spring supports, one on each side of the rail 11 and
made as shown in Figures 1 and 2 The only difference is that the inner
end of each anchorage is fixed to the top of the rail 11 and the inner
ends of the springs 9 are also fixed to the rail 11.
This rail will rock downwards against the spring 13 when anyone sits
on the settee.
Figure 5 shows a chair seat in which the anchorage consists of chain
14 to which the springs 7 and 8 are attached and which extends in a
curve to about the centre of the seat.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* Last updated: 08.04.2015
* Worldwide Database
* 5.8.23.4; 93p

12. * GB785893 (A)
Description: GB785893 (A) ? 1957-11-06
Improved process and apparatus for the manufacture of artificial threads
from spinning solutions
Description of GB785893 (A)
A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available
amongst the following family members:
BE538171 (A) DE1105104 (B) NL89850 (C) US2834046 (A)
BE538171 (A) DE1105104 (B) NL89850 (C) US2834046 (A) less
Translate this text into Tooltip
[85][(1)__Select language]
Translate this text into
The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data
and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in
particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete,
up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of Applic No 14679/55.
Application mi Complete Spec 785,893 ation and filing Complete
Specification: May 20, 1955.
2 de in Netherlands on June 17, 1954.
:ification Published: Nov 6, 1957.
Index at acceptance:-Class 2 ( 2), Bl D 2.
International Classification:-DO Id.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improved Process and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Artificial
Threads from Spinning Solutions We, N V ONDERZOEKINGSINSTITUUT
RESEARCH, a Corporation organised and existing under the laws of the
Kingdom of The Netherlands, of 76, Velperweg, Arnhem, Holland, do
hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be
granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be

13. particularly described in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to a process and a device for the manufacture
of artificial threads, in which a spinning solution such as viscose is
extruded from a spinneret into a coagulating liquid, such as a salt
containing acidic bath, and the formed bundle of filaments thereby is
drawn-off through a bellmouth tubular conduit facing the spinneret and
the coagulating liquid is discharged through the same conduit.
In such a process as described for example in the British Patent
Specification 394,049 the coagulating liquid flows in an arbitrary
manner past the spinneret, and the result is a dead space at the face
of the spinneret in which there is practically no flow of liquid.
On increasing the spin speed this may lead to breakage of filaments,
especially at high spinning speeds.
The object of the present invention is amongst others the improvement
of the thread formation immediately at and after the face of the
spinneret making it possible to spin at high speeds.
The process and the device according to the invention are especially
of interest for increasing the spinning speed with spinning solutions
such as viscose which are coagulated with difficulty or with spinning
baths having a relatively small coagulating power and with which it is
only possible to spin at relatively low speeds.
The process according to the invention is characterised in that
measures are taken to cause the coagulating liquid to flow first with
increasing linear velocity from all sides radially towards the axis of
the spinneret in lPrice 3 s 6 d l the plane of the spinneret face and
then to change its path of direction at right angles to its previous
path, entering the tubular conduit and flowing therethrough parallel
with 50 the path of travel of the filaments.
With the process according to the invention practically no breakage of
filaments occurs at or shortly after the spinneret With said process
it is not only possible to acceler 55 ate the coagulation but the
friction of the spinning bath with regard to the thread directly after
the spinneret is also considerably reduced due to which the
stretchability later on is fully maintained 60 At the same time the
spinning-in is considerably simplified and in a certain sense done
automatically since the guided spinbath takes along the thread
immediately at the spinneret 65 The main principle of the process
according to the invention is the accelerated flow of the coagulating
liquid from all sides towards the axis of the spinneret in the plane
of the spinneret face so that there is at all 70 times a replenishment
of coagulating liquid at all points of the spinneret face and at the
points of formation of filaments As a result thereof the filaments are
all relatively timely or already at a very short distance 75 from the
spinneret face coagulated whilst a decomposition already occurs.

14. The process according to the invention makes it possible to have a
speed of flow of the coagulating liquid shortly after the spin 80
neret face which is equal to that of the velocity of the filaments so
that the latter are taken along as it were by the coagulating liquid.
In order to obtain the described flow of the 85 coagulating liquid a
devicemustbeusedwhich principally differs from the known devices.
The device according to the invention comprising a spinneret and a
bell-mouthed tubular conduit facing the spinneret through 90 which the
bundle of filaments is drawn off and the coagulating liquid is
discharged is characterised in that the spinneret is mounted in and
encircled by a spinneret holder which constitutes a guiding body for
the stream of coagulating liquid, part of the external surface of
which is flat and in the same plane as the flat face of the spinneret
and serves as a guiding or boundary surface for the stream of
coagulating liquid, and that there is a second guiding member or body
having a flat internal surface parallel with that of the first
mentioned guiding body and spaced only a short distance therefrom and
provided with a trumpet-shaped opening coaxial with the spinneret and
leading into the tubular conduit through which the bundle of filaments
is drawn off and the coagulating liquid is discharged, the space
between the two surfaces thus forming a duct for the stream of
coagulating liquid having the shape of a flat annulus, so that the
stream of coagulating liquid can flow first with increasing linear
velocity from all sides radially towards the axis of the spinneret in
the plane of the spinneret face and then enter the tubular conduit
with the bundle of filaments, thus changing the direction of its path
of flow to one perpendicular to the previous direction of its path of
flow.
In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention the
spinneret and the spinneret holder encircling it are submerged in a
bath of coagulating liquid in an open-top spinbath trough in such a
position that the axis of the spinneret is perpendicular to the plane
of one of the walls of the trough and the spinneret is coaxial with an
outlet pipe for coagulating liquid and filaments projecting from the
exterior of the wall of the trough and communicating with the interior
of the trough, the mouth of the outlet pipe in the wall of the trough
being trumpet or bell-shaped and the flat face of the spinneret being
spaced a short distance from and parallel with the wall of the trough
carrying the pipe so that the wall of the trough constitutes a second
guiding or boundary surface for the stream of coagulating liquid
flowing over at least part of the spinneret face and entering the
outlet pipe from the trough.
The flow of the coagulating liquid between the two guiding surfaces
may be adjusted by varying the distance between the two guiding

15. surfaces For this purpose the spinneret and its encircling spinneret
holder are detachably mounted on the end of the spinning solution
supply pipe in such a manner that the distance between the two opposed
guiding or boundary surfaces for the radially flowing stream of
coagulating liquid may be adjusted.
In another preferred embodiment of the device according to the
invention the spinneret holder, one portion of the inner surface of
which serves as a boundary or wall for the annular stream of
coagulating liquid flowing radially towards the spinneret axis and in
which is located the trumpet-shaped mouth of the tubular duct facing
the spinneret, has the form of a bell-shaped cap covering the 70
spinneret and the spinneret holder encircling it in such a manner that
an enclosed annular chamber is formed which is provided with supply
means for the coagulating liquid so that the coagulating liquid may be
caused to 75 flow through the annular chamber and into the tubular
duct or conduit.
In the latter embodiment it is preferred to have the bell-shaped cap
detachably mounted on the remainder of the apparatus, the joint 80
between the cap and the cap holder being provided with a sealing ring
With said construction it will be possible to easily remove the
spinneret with the spinneret holder supply line for the spinning
solution etc 85 The mutual distance between the guiding or boundary
surfaces may be adjusted by having one or more of the joints between
the cap and the cap carrier and/or the joint or joints between the
spinneret and the end of 90 the spinning solution supply pipe provided
with distance rings or washers which enable the distance apart of the
flat parallel and opposed guiding or boundary surfaces for the annular
stream of coagulating liquid to be 95 adjusted.
The ring-shaped space through which the coagulating liquid may be
guided between the two guiding surfaces to the spinneret and finally
to the tubular duct may be provided 100 with wire gauze screens, a bed
of solids in particulate form, which may be spherical in shape, or
like means for making the flow of coagulating liquid more uniform.
The diameter of the tubular channel and 105 the mutual distance
between the two guiding or boundary surfaces are dependent upon
various working conditions and in the first place upon the titre of
the thread to be spun 110 In the case of viscose threads of 500 denier
channels with an interior diameter of 9 mm.
were found to be satisfactory, whereas for threads of 1,500 denier the
interior diameter amounted to 16 mm for obtaining good re 115 sults.
The distance between the guiding surfaces at different distances from
the centre of the spinneret is especially dependent upon the interior
diameter of the channel Said distance 120 between the surfaces amounts
in general and in any case at the narrowest place only to a few

16. millimetres and is so adjusted that the velocity of the coagulating
liquid between the guiding surfaces and down to the interior 125 of
the channel increases relatively rapidly.
It was found that for example working circumstances were very
satisfactory in which the ratio between the velocity of the
coagulating liquid and the exterior rim of the spin 130 785,893 the
discharge for the coagulating liquid and the discharge for the
coagulating liquid together with the bundle of filaments constitute a
unitary assembly.
In Fig 2 the spinneret is mounted inde 70 pendently of the means for
supplying the coagulating liquid, and the tubular channel for the
discharge of the coagulating liquid together with the thread is
mounted in a wall of the container for the coagulating liquid 75 The
flow of coagulating liquid is obtained by the difference in level
between the coagulating liquid in the container or spinbath trough and
in the tubular channel.
In Fig 2 the supply line 1 for the viscose, 80 the threaded piece 2,
the central body 3 and the spinneret 5 are connected to one another in
the same manner as in Fig 1.
The unit or assembly is placed in a spinning trough 22 so that the
complete spinning 85 apparatus is immersed in the coagulating liquid.
The tubular channel forms a portion of the spinning trough 22 and the
boundary surface is again formed by the trumpet-shaped 90 widening of
the channel 7 The guiding surface 13 merges smoothly into a wall 23 of
the spinning trough 22 opposite the spinneret face 6 and the body 14
The surface 12 of the body 14 forms the opposite boundary 95 surface
The coagulating liquid flows between the two boundary surfaces 12 and
13 to the channel 7 in a similar manner as in Fig 1.
The central body 3 with the portions of 100 the spinning device
directed thereto is movably mounted in the spinning trough 22 This may
be done in any known maner, for example by mounting on a sled In this
manner the distance between the boundary sur 105 faces 12 and 13 may
be adjusted in any desired manner.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* Last updated: 08.04.2015
* Worldwide Database
* 5.8.23.4; 93p