2. ABOUT TOPIC
In the last 30 years, radioisotope diagnostics has been widely used in urological
practice. Radioisotope research methods make it possible to obtain important
information about the anatomical and functional state of the studied organs. These
methods are atraumatic and very easy to perform. Two types of devices are used
to perform research. The first type includes y-cameras of various modifications. In
this type of study, radioactive radiation from the studied organs is constantly
registered. The image is transmitted to a television screen and photographed. The
second type includes radio curculio graphs . These are special devices with
radioactivity sensors that register radiation over the studied organ. Irradiation
dynamics is recorded with the help of recorders in the form of curves.
3. Radioisotope renography
It is a study of renal function by intravenous administration of a radioactive isotope,
the release of which by the kidneys, passage from the ureters into the bladder and
excretion from it is captured by sensors and recorded by a special device in the
form of a curve (renogram ). Of the radioactive isotopes, iodine is usually used, so
called heparin labeled with radioactive iodine (III I or 125I), 99shTsDTPA -
substances selectively excreted by the kidneys. At radioisotope rehno graph with
IZ'I or 12G'I hiparin radiopharmaceutical is allocated by urinary tracts owing to
tubular secretion. The level of radioactivity above the kidneys is registered for 20 ...
30 minutes. There are three segments on the renographi curve: vascular,
characterised by accumulation of the drug in the renal vessels; ascending,
reflecting the process of accumulation of the drug in the epithelial cells of the
proximal renal tubules, and descending, reflecting the evacuation of the drug
through the upper urinary tract.
4. Uses of Radioisotopes
Diagnostic Medical Applications. PET Scanning. PET Scan. Other Isotopic Tests.
Therapeutic Radiation. Radiation therapy and Chemotherapy: Two different
treatment procedures. External Beam Therapy (Photon and Proton Therapy)
Brachtherapy.
intended to destroy the targeted cells
5. Uses of radioisotopes in biomedical
cancer and tumour treatment
imaging
biochemical assays
biological labelling
Sterilization
clinical diagnostics
radioactive dating
6. Types of radioisotopes
Primordial radioisotopes. Primordial radioisotopes originate mainly from the
interiors of stars
Secondary radioisotopes
Cosmogenic radioisotopes
Nuclear reactors
Particle accelerators
Radionuclide generators
7. RADIOISOTOPES
Brachytherapy is a method of treatment in which sealed radioactive source are
used to deliver radiation at a shortest distance by various methods
It developed largely through the use of sealed radium and radon source
In 1950s alternative artificially produced nuclides became available
Gradually radium and radion were replaced
