7. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Drawing
Machining plan
Manual Programming Automatic programming
NC data
MDI/Paper tape/disket/USB/Memory card/DNC etc
Numerical Control
Machine tool
8. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Drawing
Select CNC Machine
Examination of fixture
Processing order
Selection of tools
Machining condition
Data Preparation
Numerical Controller
Tooling Sheet
Tooling
Design/Manufacturing
Of Fixture
Machining
CNC Machine
Zamree Harun
9. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Function Address Meaning
Program number O Program number
Sequence number N Sequence number
Preparatory function G Selection of traveling mode
Dimensional words X, Y, Z Axis travel
A, B, C, U, V, W Additional axis travel
R Arc radius
I, J, K Arc center coordinate
Feed rate F Specifying feed rate
Spindle function S Specifying spindle speed
Tool function T Specifying tool number
Miscellaneous function M On/Off ctrl for machine function
Offset number H, D Specifying offset number
Dwell P, X Specifying dwelling time
Program number command P Subprogram number
Number of repeats L repeat sub prog/canned cycle
Parameter P, Q, R Parameter foe canned cycle
17. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
- The cutter reaches to a target position at
rapid travers rate.
- The rapid travers rate depends on machine
types
- To cut straight line.
- The feed rate is specified with F in the
program
18. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Y
20
50
20 50
X
1
2 3
4
G00
G00
G01
G01
G01
G01
0
22. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Commands G02 and G03 are used to cut
circles or circulars arcs.
G02 for CW circular motion
G03 for CCW circular motion
23. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
CW or CCW End of arc Radius Feed rate
+ + +
G02
G03
R
I_ J_
F_
X_ Y_
24. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
20 70
20
70
X
Y
ABS
G90 G02 X70.0 Y20.0 R50.0 F100;
INC
G91 G02 X50.0 Y-50.0 R50.0 F100;
25. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
ABS
G90 G02 X70.0 Y20.0 R-50.0 F100;
INC
G91 G02 X50.0 Y-50.0 R-50.0 F100;
20 70
20
70
X
Y
28. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
When the cutter is started 100mm above
the top of the work piece and cuts it
10mm.
29. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Start from the zero point, turn clockwise and return
to the zero. Start position is 100mm above the top
of the work piece and the depth of cut is 10mm
33. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
M01 Optional stop
M03 Spindle On
M05 Spindle stop
M08 Coolant On
M09 Coolant Off
M98 Call Sub-Prog
M99 End Sub-Prog
M30 End of prog
34. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
This function is use to offset the tool from the
programmed path toward the left of the workpiece
to the direction in which the tool advances.
By specifying G41
Tool
Without tool compensation
Internal cutting (CCW)
External cutting (CW)
35. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
External cutting (CW)
By specifying G42
Tool
Without tool compensation
Internal cutting (CCW)
This function is use to offset the tool from the
programmed path toward the left of the workpiece
to the direction in which the tool advances.
36. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
The center of the tool is offset leftward by the
amount of cutter compensation value
referring the tool advance direction
37. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
The center of the tool is compensated rightward
by the amount of offset data referring the tool
advance direction
49. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Kelajuan pemotongan ialah panjang ukuran lilitan mata
pemotong dalam unit meter yang diukur apabila ia
berputar dalam masa satu minit (meter/minit). Contoh,
keluli lembut mempunyai kelajuan pemotongan 100
m/minit, ini bermakna spindal mesin perlu berputar
supaya ukuran lilitan mata pemotong itu 100 meter
dalam masa 1 minit.
Merupakan jumlah spindle mesin yang memegang
mata pemotong berpusing dalam tempoh masa 1
minit. Contohnya putaran spindle 1000 rpm
bermaksud spindle mesti melakukan putaran
sebanyak 1000 kali dalam tempoh masa 1 minit.
55. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
A sub-program is a “child program”
which comes from a “parent
program” or “main program”.
O 0001
.
.
.
.
M98 P2 L __
.
.
.
.
M30
Jump to sub-prog
O 0002
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
M99
Return to main prog
56. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Method of sub-program call
M98 P ___ L ___ ;
M98 : Sub-prog call
P __ : Sub-prog number
L __ : Repetition count
When L is omitted the prog is repeated once.
Permissible range of L is up to 9999
Command ‘M99’ terminates a sub-program
59. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Sub-prog
Fourth
Sub-prog
Third
Sub-prog
First
Sub-prog
Second
A sub-program can be call from another sub-
program up to four level counting back from the
main program as first level.
Main program
O1000
.
.
.
.
.
M98 P1001
O1001
.
.
.
.
.
M98 P1002
O1002
.
.
.
.
.
M98 P1003
O1003
.
.
.
.
.
M98 P1004
O1004
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
M99
.
.
.
.
M99
.
.
.
.
M30
.
.
.
.
M99
.
.
.
.
M99
60. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Start from the zero point, turn in clockwise direction and
return to the zero point.
Z axis start position : 100mm above the top of workpiece
Depth of cut : 5 mm
64. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
The canned cycle can also be called the
‘drilling cycle’.
Such as :
- Center drill
- Drilling
- Counter sunk/counter bore
- Tapping
- Boring
- Reaming
65. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G98 : Return to initial level
G99 : Return to point R level
G_ _ : Canned Cycle mode
X : Hole position of X
Y : Hole position of Y
R : Point R position
Z : Bottom of hole (Z point)
P : Dwell time at bottom
Q : Depth of cut for each cutting feed
F : Cutting feedrate
L : Repetition count
G X__ Y__ R__ P__ Q__ F__ L__
G90
G91
G98
G99
66. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G98 / G99 specifies the return point level, R point level,
after performing a hole cycle
67. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Initial level
Z point
R point
G98 G99
Initial level
Z point
R point
69. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G Code Application
G 80 Canned cycle cancel
G 73 High-speed peck drilling
G 83 Peck drilling
G 84 Tapping
G 74 Left-hand tapping
G 81 Center Drill
G 82 Counter sunk/bore
G 85 Boring
70. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G 81 (G99)
G 81 (G98)
Initial level
Z point
R point
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 81 X __ Y__ R__ Z__ F__
G98
G99
71. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G 82 (G99)
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 82 (G98)
Initial level
R point
Z point
G 82 X __ Y__ R__ Z__ P__ F__
G98
G99
Dwell Dwell
72. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G 73 (G99)
Initial level
Z point
G 73 (G98)
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 73 X __ Y__ R__ Z__ Q__ F__
G98
G99
Q
Q
Q
Q
R point
73. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
G 83 (G99)
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 83 (G98)
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 83 X __ Y__ R__ Z__ Q__ F__
G98
G99
Q
Q
Q
Q
74. Challenges of 5-Axis Machining
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 84 (G99)
G 84 X __ Y__ R__ Z__ F__
G98
G99
Initial level
Z point
R point
G 84 (G98)
Spindle
CCW
Spindle
CW
Spindle
CCW
Spindle
CW